Deriving Temporal and Vertical Distributions of Methane in Xianghe Using Ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas-analyzer Measurements

Methane(CH4) is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, making it worthwhile to study its temporal and vertical distributions in source areas, e.g., North China. For this purpose, a ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR), the Bruker IFS 125 HR, along with an in-situ instrument, the Picarro G2301, were deployed in Xianghe County(39.8°N,117.0°E), Hebei Province, China. Data have been recorded since June2018. For the FTIR measurements, we used two observation modes to retrieve the mole fraction of CH4: the Total Carbon Column Observing Network(TCCON) method(retrieval algorithm: GGG2014), and the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change(NDACC) method(retrieval algorithm: SFIT4). Combining FTIR with in-situ measurements, we found the temporal and vertical distributions of atmospheric CH4 within three vertical layers(near the ground, in the troposphere, and in the stratosphere), and throughout the whole atmosphere. Regarding the diurnal variation of CH4 near the ground, the concentration at night was higher than during the daytime. Regarding the seasonal variation,CH4 was low in spring and high in summer, for all three vertical layers. In addition, there was a peak of CH4 in winter near the ground, both in the troposphere and the whole atmosphere. We found that variation of CH4 in the tropospheric column was close to that of the in-situ measurements near the ground. Furthermore, the variations of CH4 in the stratospheric column could be influenced by vertical motions, since it was higher in summer and lower in winter.     

时空混合调制型偏振干涉成像光谱仪数据处理研究

研究了基于Savart偏光镜的偏振干涉成像光谱仪在时空混合调制模式下图像形成、数据分布的特点,论证了视场补偿型偏振干涉成像光谱仪更适用于单色光条件下的时空混合调制工作模式,并提出了时空混合调制模式下数据采集与处理的基本原理及其需要注意的问题与解决方法.最后,应用这种方法对实验获取的干涉图进行了数据处理,并成功复原出了光谱.     

SZ36-1油田污水悬浮物无机组分研究

综合利用扫描电镜能谱分析、X-射线衍射仪等先进仪器对SZ36-1油田滤膜组分燃烧前后进行综合分析研究。通过分析无机组分中Fe、Ca等元素的变化规律,并结合现场水质监测数据,研究发现SZ36-1油田回注污水由CEP向AJ、平台输送过程中水质逐级恶化;同时污水由CEP到A平台再到J平台过程中,Fe原子百分比平均值依次为4.45%、13.03%、19.45%,Ca原子百分比平均值依次为4.33%、5.43%、5.66%。腐蚀、结垢现象逐渐加剧,是导致注水水质恶化的主要原因。     

云南来利山锡矿床黄铁矿标型矿物学研究

来利山锡矿床位于喜马拉雅—特提斯构造域东端,三江构造带南段西缘,是滇西地区著名的锡多金属矿床之一.为探讨矿床成因,进而为找矿勘探提供科学依据,对该矿床黄铁矿进行标型矿物学研究.来利山锡矿成矿阶段发育大量黄铁矿,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对黄铁矿进行研究,发现黄铁矿存在不同程度的类质同象取代现象,不同成矿阶段的黄铁矿图谱和吸光度均存在一定差异,从第一阶段到第四阶段特征峰向短波方向漂移;成矿阶段黄铁矿吸光度比值与成矿阶段呈规律性变化.上述成果对该区进一步找矿具有指导意义.     

地下水中NO-3的15N和18O同位素测试新技术--密封石英管燃烧法

近40年来,硝酸盐(NO-3)已成为最普遍的地下水污染源之一。在本文中,介绍了在野外用阴离子交换树脂收集地下水中的NO-3的新技术;用AgNO3和氧化铜丝及铜颗粒燃烧反应测定氮同位素比值;用AgNO3 C(石墨)测定NO-3中氧同位素比值的密封石英管燃烧法,它们是1995年以后发展起来的最新测试技术。     

微机化地面γ能谱仪及其初步应用

本文针对目前地面γ能谱仪功能差,不能及时给出数据和有关图件,调节困难、操作复杂、用附加放射性参考源稳谱等缺点,提出了采用PC－1500袖珍计算机系统的微机化地面γ能谱仪。实现了野外地面γ能谱测量的数据采集和记录、数据打印与绘图、数据存储与传送的一体化。试验表明,该机操作方便,掌握容易,工作效率高,资料获取快,能够快速提供有关地质情况,适用于野外地面γ能谱测量。     

高分辨连续光源原子吸收光谱仪检测饮用矿泉水中的金属离子

简要介绍了高分辨连续光源原子吸收光谱仪（HS—CS—AAS）的基本特点,并利用HS—CS—AAS测定了饮用矿泉水中的钙、镁、锶、钾、钠等微量元素。结果表明,测定各种离子的加标回收率为96．2％～100．9％,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=7）为0．44％～4．90％。     

用原子吸收仪进行钛的紫外分光光度测定

在原子吸收仪上添置了一个自制的简易比色皿托架,成功地利用原子吸收仪进行TiO2与二安替比林甲烷显色的分光光度测定。     

一种仿黑皮仔料拼合石的鉴定特征

和田仔料随着市场的追捧,其价格越来越高,仿制品层出不穷。借助宝石显微镜、偏光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射和红外光谱等测试手段,对武汉市徐东古玩珠宝市场上出现的一种仿黑皮仔料材料进行了宝石学、矿物学以及谱学特征鉴定。结果显示,该仿黑皮仔料材料由黑色霞石岩、白色软玉以及有机黑胶三部分拼合而成;其与黑皮仔料的主要鉴定特征在于：前者在横截面上有明显的拼合痕迹以及特征的红外光谱有机官能团区吸收峰。     

MEASUREMENT OF CARBON MONOXIDE COLUMN CONTENT AND OTHER ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES FROM INFRARED SPECTRA*

The measurement of column content of carbon monoxide,methane,and other atmospheric traces gases as well as aerosols has been conducted during the fall of 1992 and 1997,using an infrared spectrometer of moderate resolution in the cooperation of the Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,with the Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Russian Academy of Sciences.The variation characteristics of atmospheric CO column content in Beijing area are presented.The analysis of the measurement shows that the CO column concentration of 0.10 mg cm^-2 can be considered as the background over Beijing area.and the concentration as high as 0.75 mg cm^-2 was observed under some unfavorable meteorological situations.