非绝热条件下的波流相互作用与大气能量循环

在传统的波与流相互作用理论的基础上, 推导了准地转框架下包含非绝热效应的E-P通量, 证明了由Eliassen和Palm导得的波动能量关系与由Lorenz导得的大气能量循环关系的一致性. 大尺度定常波的波动能量传播过程实质上是大气能量循环过程的一部分, 大气中的平均流能量向波动能量的转换就是局地波能通量散度的全球质量积分, 也即是局地波动能源的全球积分.利用NCEP/NCAR资料对北半球各纬带不同季节大气波动能源和E-P通量的诊断分析表明传统的绝热条件下的E-P通量仅能表征冬季的波能输送情况, 其他季节必须要考虑非绝热加热的影响.     

贵州威宁岔河陆相二叠系-三叠系界线地层研究

贵州威宁岔河陆相二叠系-三叠系界线剖面出露良好, 发育齐全, 对此剖面进行了综合研究. 已建立5个孢粉组合带, 1个植物化石群; 二叠系与三叠系界线确定在67b④层底; 在界线上(68层)、下(66f层)有火山成因的粘土岩, 在粘土岩中有锆石、双锥六方石英等特殊矿物; 68a层的锆石测得同位素年龄为252.6 ± 2.8 Ma. 同时还进行了有机碳同位素测定和分子地层研究. 贵州威宁岔河陆相二叠系-三叠系界线位置总体上可与浙江长兴海相二叠系-三叠系界线(金钉子)相比较.     

华南中侏罗世玄武岩的岩石地球化学研究--以福建藩坑玄武岩为例

华南发育一条近EW向展布的中侏罗世火山岩带, 福建永定盆地的"藩坑组玄武岩"是其中的典型代表之一. 藩坑玄武岩的TiO2为1.92 ～ 3.21 wt%, 属"高Ti玄武岩", 并有较高的全铁含量(11.09 wt%). 该玄武岩与东南沿海来自富集的岩石圈地幔的早白垩世玄武岩相比, 有完全不同的岩石地球化学特征: 相对富集Th, Nb, Ta, Zr和Ti等高场强元素, Zr/Ba, La/Nb, La/Ta, Zr/Y, Ti/Y, Ba/Nb, K/Ti和Rb/Zr等比值也与OIB相似; 除少数样品有较高εNd (T ) (1.87 ～ 3.55)外, 多数样品有类似球粒陨石的εNd (T)(-0.70 ～ 0.24), 属软流圈地幔来源并记录着软流圈与岩石圈相互作用的信息. 赣南、粤北、湘东南的(早-)中侏罗世玄武岩、辉长岩与福建藩坑玄武岩有相似的OIB型岩石地球化学特征. 这种OIB型玄武岩可作为该地区早中生代时期软流圈地幔上涌的岩石学标志. 软流圈地幔的上涌导致该地区构造伸展、裂谷盆地的形成.     

云南省祥(云)-临(沧)公路红土坡隧道变形原因及加固方案

云南省祥(云)-临(沧)公路红土坡隧道，在施工过程中变形严重，洞内数次冒顶、产生地面陷落，并诱发滑坡，严重影响了施工进度并造成较大经济损失。文章根据现场勘查及变形监控量测资料，详细论述了隧道变形特点，从地层岩性、构造、地应力条件、地下水作用、施工工艺、滑坡影响等方面综合分析了隧道变形原因。红土坡隧道变形是软弱的地层岩性、地应力条件改变、地下水作用、施工工艺以及滑坡偏压等各种因素共同作用的结果。且隧道变形诱发滑坡，滑坡又促使隧道进一步变形。基于此，文章提出了首先对滑坡进行支挡，再对隧道围岩进行加固的整治思路，并提出具体工程方案。整治工程实施后，红土坡隧道变形已得到完全控制，取得良好的治理效果。     

Ruthenium-ion-catalyzed oxidation of asphaltenes and oil-source correlation of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields in the Tarim Basin, NW China

The identification of marine source rocks in the Tarim Basin is debated vigorously. The intention of this paper is to investigate the asphahenes in heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields and Well TD2 with ruthenium-ions-catalyzed oxidation technique (RICO), in order to explore its role in oil-oil and oil-source correlations, The RICO products included n-alkanoic acids, α,ω-di-n-alkanoic acids, branched alkanoic acids, tricyclic terpanoic acids, hopanoic acids, gammacerane carboxylic acid , regular sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids. The n-alkyl chains and biomarkers bounded on the asphaltenes were of unsusceptibility to biodegradation. The distribution and absolute concentrations of n-alkanoic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields are different from those of Well TD2. The biomarkers bounded on the asphahenes, especially steranes, have a distribution trend similar to that of the counterparts in saturates. The sterane carboxylic acids and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids in the RICO products of heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields, dominated by C30 sterane and C31 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids, respectively, are significantly different from those of the heavy oils of Well TD2, whose dominating sterane and 4-methylsterane carboxylic acids are C28 sterane and C29 4-methylsterane acids, respectively. The RICO products of the asphaltenes further indicate that the Middle-Upper Ordovician may be the main source rocks for heavy oils from the Lunnan and Tabe oilfields.     

Numerical Modeling of Basin-Range Tectonics Related to Continent-Continent Collision

Continent-continent collision is the most important driving mechanism for the occurrence of various geological processes in the continental lithosphere. How to recognize and determine continent-continent collision,especially its four-dimensional temporal-spatial evolution, is a subject that geological communities have long been concerned about and studied. Continent-continent collision is mainly manifested by strong underthrnsting (subduction) of the underlying block along an intracontinental subduction zone and continuous obduction (thrusting propagation) of the overlying block along the intracontinental subduction zone, the occurrence of a basin-range tectonic framework in a direction perpendicular to the subduction zone and the flexure and disruption of the Moho. On the basis of numerical modeling, the authors discuss in detail the couplings between various amounts and rates of displacement caused by basin subsidence, mountain uplift and Moho updoming and downflexure during obduction (thrusting propagation) and subduction and the migration pattern of basin centers. They are probably indications or criteria for judgment or determination of continent-continent collision.     

钻孔灌注桩后压浆作用机理与应用

通过对桩侧和桩底后压浆,可大幅度提高钻孔灌注桩单桩承载力.应用桩-土理论分析了后压浆中浆液对土体及桩体的作用,并从分析影响桩基承载力的因素出发,研究了后压浆的作用机理.在渗透率小的地层中后压浆以压密注浆为主,在渗透率大的地层中后压浆以渗透注浆为主.为避免过分压裂土层,在压浆过程中应控制灌浆压力.压浆量是影响后压浆质量和提高单桩承载力的关键因素之一.     

沉降-时间曲线呈“S”型的证明及其应用——从土体本构关系

从土体本构关系出发,严格证明了在线性加载或近似线性加载情况下(这和岩土工程实际加载相类似),沉降-时间曲线呈“S”型,并由此建立了新的沉降-时间预测模型,工程应用证明了该模型的合理性。     

DPP100-5型汽车钻机基础部件损坏原因分析与加固方法

对DPP100-5型汽车钻机变速箱支架(地脚)断裂，滑动轨道悬臂刚度不足，下挠变形，造成小底盘变形，回转器向外倾斜等几种隐患性较大、且不好处理的故障特征及形成原因进行了详细的分析，介绍了相应的修理与加固方法。     

普强高性能混凝土受压应力-应变全曲线试验研究

通过普强高性能混凝土和普通混凝土的应力-应变全曲线试验研究,得到一系列应力-应变曲线。对普强高性能混凝土和普通混凝土的立方体抗压强度与棱柱体抗压强度的关系、棱柱体抗压强度与峰值应力所对应应变的关系及棱柱体抗压强度与初始弹性模量的关系进行了分析。结果表明,虽然普强高性能混凝土的力学性能与普通混凝土的力学性能存在一定的差别,但主要力学性能还是相似的。说明在不改变混凝土的力学性能的基础上通过对普通强度混凝土原材料的优选和配合比的优化能够提高混凝土的耐久性能。