内蒙古布敦花铜矿区运用物探资料成矿预测研究

为扩大布敦花铜矿远景储量,寻找陷伏矿床,对布敦花铜矿区的地质、地球物理特征进行分析研究,总结已知矿体的地球物理特征,建立成矿地球物理模型,进而利用已获得的各种物探信息对矿区及其外围进行找矿远景和靶区的预测。     

内蒙古自治区科右中旗布敦花铜矿床地质特征及成因

布敦花铜矿床产于布敦花杂岩体北侧外接触带的近SN向断裂中.根据矿体特征、矿石矿物成分、结构构造、围岩蚀变特征及成因分析,认为属中浅成高温热液型矿床,并指出找矿标志.     

大兴安岭中段晚三叠世四分组效应花岗岩的厘定及其地质意义

布敦化岩体位于中亚造山带东段大兴安岭地区的科尔沁右翼中旗,该岩体由中细粒二云母花岗岩和斑状中细粒白云母花岗岩组成。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测试显示布敦化岩体形成于晚三叠世早期。地球化学分析表明,该岩体为弱过铝质-过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列,主量元素表现出高硅(73.73%~78.33%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=7.07%~9.06%)、低钙(Ca O=0.01%~0.87%)、贫镁(Mg O=0.12%~0.52%)的特征;稀土元素具有明显的Eu负异常和M型四分组效应配分型式。岩石学和地球化学特征显示布敦化岩体为高分异I型花岗岩。Lu-Hf同位素研究显示其εHf(t)值为7.0~12.4,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为812~473Ma。结合邻区晚三叠世地质资料可知,布敦化岩体是在古亚洲洋闭合造山后伸展的构造背景下产生的,是晚元古代-早古生代地壳物质熔融的产物。布敦化地区的四分组效应花岗岩的稀土元素总量高、岩浆侵位后经历了强烈的分异演化,暗示布敦化地区可能具有较好的稀有金属矿的找矿前景。     

Fluid inclusions,C-H-O-S-Pb isotope systematics,geochronology and geochemistry of the Budunhua Cu deposit,northeast China:Implications for ore genesis

The Budunhua Cu deposit is located in the Tuquan ore-concentrated area of the southern Great Xing'an Range,NE China.This deposit includes the southern Jinjiling and northern Kongqueshan ore blocks,separated by the Budunhua granitic pluton.Cu mineralization occurs mainly as stockworks or veins in the outer contact zone between tonalite porphyry and Permian metasandstone.The ore-forming process can be divided into four stages involving stage Ⅰ quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite;stage Ⅱ quartz-pyrite-chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite;stage Ⅲ quartz--polynetallic sulfides;and stage IV quartz-calcite.Three types of fluid inclusions(FIs) can be distinguished in the Budunhua deposit:liquid-rich two-phase aqueous FIs(L-type),vapour-rich aqueous FIs(V-type),and daughter mineral-bearing multi-phase FIs(S-type).Quartz of stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ contains all types of FIs,whereas only L-type FIs are evident in stage Ⅳ veins.The coexisting V-and S-type FIs of stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ have similar homogenization temperatures but contrasting salinities,which indicates that fluid boiling occurred.The FIs of stages Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳyield homogenization temperatures of 265-396℃,245-350℃,200-300℃,and 90-228℃ with salinities of3.4-44.3 wt.%,2.9-40.2 wt.%,1.4-38.2 wt.%,and 0.9-9.2 wt.% NaCl eqv.,respectively.Ore-forming fluids of the Budunhua deposit are characterized by high temperatures,moderate salinities,and relatively oxidizing conditions typical of an H_2 O-NaCl fluid system.Mineralization in the Budunhua deposit occurred at a depth of0.3-1.5 km,with fluid boiling and mixing likely being responsible for ore precipitation.C-H-O-S-Pb isotope studies indicate a predominantly magmatic origin for the ore-forming fluids and materials.LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analyses indicate that ore-forming tonalite porphyry and post-ore dioritic porphyrite were formed at 151.1±1.1 Ma and 129.9±1.9 Ma,respectively.Geochemical data imply that the primary magma of the tonalite porphyry formed through partial melting of Neoproterozoic lower crust.On the basis of available evidence,we suggest that the Budunhua deposit is a porphyry ore system that is spatially,temporally,and genetically associated with tonalite porphyry and formed in a post-collision extensional setting following closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.     

大兴安岭中南段布敦化铜矿床地质特征及成矿模式

大兴安岭中南段铜成矿带已探明铜矿床众多,矿化类型主要为热液脉型与斑岩型.布敦化铜矿床由于同时存在两种矿化类型而备受关注,然而针对该矿区内相邻两个矿段（金鸡岭、孔雀山）成矿特征差异性缘由尚未得到解释,有关该矿床成矿机制综合研究尚显薄弱,整体成矿模式亟待建立.在综合前人研究成果基础上,认为布敦化矿区如此小范围内存在两种矿化类型,有可能与晚侏罗世成矿阶段构造演化的不同相关。布敦化挤压带两侧地质体发生垂向位移,孔雀山矿段所在部位（上盘）相对上升,得以形成浅成高温热液脉型铜矿.（165±2）~151.95±0.73Ma,极有可能在金鸡岭矿段深部存在当时未上升的黑云母花岗闪长岩,其内、外接触带极有可能形成浸染状铜矿化,可以作为今后该矿段找矿方向.在上述认识基础上构建布敦化铜矿床成矿模式,为揭示大兴安岭中南段铜多金属成矿规律奠定基础.     

大兴安岭中南段布敦化铜矿床金鸡岭矿段流体包裹体研究

内蒙古布敦化铜矿床位于大兴安岭中南段,包括金鸡岭和孔雀山2个矿段,前者属于斑岩型,后者属于热液脉型,文章对金鸡岭矿段开展了详细的流体包裹体研究。金鸡岭矿段成矿过程可分为早、中、晚3个阶段,即毒砂-黄铁矿（黄铜矿）-石英阶段（早）、黄铜矿-磁黄铁矿-石英阶段（中）、碳酸盐-黄铁矿-石英脉阶段（晚）。其中,中阶段为主成矿阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,早阶段主要发育富气相包裹体、气液两相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体,中阶段以气液两相包裹体为主,并发育少量含子矿物多相包裹体,晚阶段仅发育气液两相包裹体。早、中、晚阶段流体包裹体的均一温度和w（NaCl_eq）变化范围分别为320~550℃、240~550℃、140~300℃和12.2%~43.2%、6.3%~17.2%、0.5%~9.7%。激光拉曼探针分析显示,早、中阶段包裹体气相成分为CH₄和H₂O,而晚阶段的包裹体气相成分只含H₂O。早阶段多种类型包裹体共生,且均一温度相近,指示早阶段流体发生过沸腾作用。笔者认为早阶段成矿作用主要与高温、高盐度、含CH₄流体的沸腾作用有关,中阶段的成矿作用则主要是流体混合而导致黄铜矿等金属硫化物的析出,晚阶段基本不成矿,只形成少量的黄铁矿。     

布敦花铜矿床蚀变交代岩特征及其找矿意义

布敦花铜矿床产于大兴安岭中段，中生代断隆与火山喷发断陷盆地过渡带靠近断隆一侧．东临嫩江深大断裂。铜矿床的形成与多期构造活动及中酸性杂岩体侵入活动密切相关。矿区内产生的典型蚀变岩分带特征及其分布特点，是该区寻找隐伏铜矿、进行区域矿产预测的重要标志。