中国农民跨省旅游网络空间结构研究

依据《中国国内旅游抽样调查资料2008》,利用中国农村居民旅游流的内在联系特性,构建旅游流空间网络结构,采用社会网络分析方法,结合运用GIS 空间分析和数理统计等技术,对农民旅游空间的网络节点中心性与结构洞分析,对旅游空间的整体网络的密度、中心势、核心-边缘结构、凝聚子群分析。结果表明:① 中国农民旅游流网络密度低,随时间发生微弱增密态势,旅游空间的节点呈现“东部沿海密、内陆疏、偏远地区游离”的格局,网络整体结构比较松散而且不均衡;② 网络中心势内向高于外向,旅游目的地集中度高于客源地,东部沿海旅游节点兼具客源地与目的地功能,内陆与偏远地区基本是单一的旅游客源地或目的地;③ 网络核心-边缘空间结构的核心区辐射能力弱,仅限于部分边际省域,中心度指数高的节点占据网络的核心位置,具备核心竞争优势,东部沿海旅游点入度普遍高于内陆与偏远地区,点出度与出游力成正对应;④ 网络区域集聚子群各自形成核心、边缘旅游空间,内部联系紧密,构成与子群相对应的核心旅游地,形成5 个区域集聚子群。构建以省域为节点的农民旅游空间网络结构并进行深度分析,为中国农民旅游空间均衡发展和旅游通达性提供理论和实践指导。     

Climatically controlled river terrace staircases: A worldwide Quaternary phenomenon

A comparison of fluvial terrace sequences from around the world, based on data collected as part of International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) Project No. 449, has revealed significant patterns. River terraces provide important records of uplift, which is essential for their formation, and of landscape evolution. Their cyclic formation, however, almost invariably seems to have been a response to climatic fluctuation. Sequences in the European core area of IGCP 449, which has the longest and most extensive research history, have been used as templates for worldwide comparison. There is evidence for a global acceleration of uplift at the time of, and perhaps in response to, the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution, when climatic fluctuation switched to 100 kyr Milankovitch cycles. Terraces formed prior to this generally consist of wide aggradational sheets that probably each represent formation over several 41 kyr cycles. Subsequently, river valleys became more steeply entrenched and terraces formed in response to the stronger 100 kyr climatic forcing, in many cases at approximately one per cycle. This paper uses the new data resource to explore differences between records in different climate zones, between sequences with variable numbers of Middle–Late Pleistocene terraces and between systems in which the all-important incision event has occurred in different parts of climatic cycles. Key records discussed include European examples from the Rhine, Thames, Somme, Dniester, Dnieper, Don, Volga and Aguas; from Asia the Gediz (Turkey) and Orontes (Syria); from North America, the South Platte and Colorado; from South Africa the Vaal and Sundays; from Australia the Shoalhaven; and from South America, the Amazon, Paraguay and tributaries of the Colorado and Negro.     

黔桂边境大弄地区透闪石化基性岩的确定及其地质意义

分布在大弄地区岩墙状及岩脉状强透闪石化岩石,过去一直被认为是闪长岩。通过新近的1:5万区域地质调查工作,获得了大量岩石学和岩石地球化学资料,结合其形成的地质背景和产出的地质特征等,我们认为它们是基性岩,而非闪长岩,形成于825Ma左右。这类基性岩的确定,对研究江南造山带西南段新元古代早期Rodinia超大陆裂解有重要的科学意义。     

全球升温控制在1.5℃和2.0℃时中国分省人口格局

《巴黎协定》正式生效, 为国际社会应对气候变化提出新的机遇与挑战,也必将对中国人口、资源和环境带来重要影响。本文结合IPCC发布的可持续发展（SSP1)、中度发展（SSP2)、局部或不一致发展（SSP3)、不均衡发展（SSP4)、常规发展（SSP5）5种共享社会经济路径,以2010年中国第六次人口普查数据为基准,综合考虑人口现状和发展政策设定不同发展路径下各省人口模型的相关参数,在全球升温控制在1.5℃和2.0℃时,对比研究中国和各省分年龄、性别、教育水平的人口演变和分布特征。结果表明：(1)全球升温1.5℃时,SSP1和SSP4路径下总人口较2010年增加0.44亿人;升温2.0℃时,SSP2和SSP3路径下较2010年分别增加0.23亿和0.67亿人,SSP5路径下减少约0.12亿人。5种路径下中国人口将在2025-2035年达到峰值,人口峰值正处于全球升温1.5℃期间。(2)全球升温1.5℃时,除了东北地区和四川、安徽省外,多数省（市）人口均较2010年有所增加;升温2.0℃时,西北、西南和以东南沿海地区为主的发达省份保持较高的人口增量,其他地区人口开始呈减少趋势。(3)在全球升温1.5℃和2.0℃期间,大部分省份人口达到峰值,其中SSP3路径下广西人口最多,可达1.13亿,其他路径下广东省人口最多,达1.53亿。(4)未来中国65岁以上老龄人口比重呈现东北高、西南低的分布特征。与全球升温1.5℃相比,升温2.0℃时的老龄化趋势进一步加重,东北地区老龄化问题最严重。采用绿色和可持续发展路径,全球升温控制在2.0℃之内是中国社会经济发展的科学选择。     

我国中部六省产业集聚与扩散的空间计量

＂中部崛起＂战略给中部六省各地区的大发展带来了新的机遇。进入十二五时期,中部地区有必要总结之前发展过程中的经验,从产业结构调整和升级着手,掌握产业更新规律,尽可能规避经济发展中的不利因素,实现产业结构升级承托的区域经济跨越式可持续发展。本文收集整理了我国中部六省共88个地市2000年至2008年第二产业数据,采用LIS...     

“基因图谱”视角下闽台石器时代文化空间结构分析

聚落是识别区域文化景观同一性的重要指标。中国闽台石器时代文化因受区域环境的影响,呈现出与全国其他地区不同的文化特征。借用"文化基因"的概念,运用GIS技术对闽台石器时代文化遗址空间特征、文化特质和历史渊源进行分析。研究结果表明:闽台石器时代文化遗址在产生时间上具有继承性;在空间扩散、迁移及居住地空间选择上,闽台石器文化遗址都呈现了山岗、沿河流阶地和滨海分布模式,并经历了由点经线到面的扩散和迁移过程;在器具、技术工艺和作物类型等方面亦存在着广泛的相似性和共同性。石器遗址文化表明闽台具有相同的文化根基。     

Lead isotopic systematics for native copperchalcocite mineralization in basaltic lavas of the Emeishan large igneous province, SW China： Implications for the source of copper

The Emeishan continental flood basalt, which is widespread in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces of Southwest China, is the volcanic product of a Permian mantle plume, and native copper-chalcocite mineralization associated with the basalt is very common in the border area of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. The mineralization occurred in the tuff intercalation and terrestrial sedimentary rock intercalation which were formed during the main period of basalt eruption. The orebodies are controlled by the stratigraphic position and faults. Metal ore minerals in the ores are mainly native copper, chalcocite and tenorite, with small amounts of chalcopyrite, bomite, pyrite and malachite, and sometimes with large amounts of bitumen, carbon and plant debris. Several decades of ore deposits are distributed in the neighboring areas of the two provinces, while most of them are small-scale deposits or only ore occurrences. By comparing the lead isotopic composition of the ores with that of the wall-rocks, cover and basement rocks of various periods, the source of copper in this type of ore deposits was studied in this paper. The results showed that: (1) The Pb isotopic composition of the ores from ten deposits is absolutely different from that of sili-ceous-argillaceus rocks of the Upper Permian Xuanwei Formation, limestones of the Lower Permian Series and Carboniferous, Cambrian sandstone-shale and recta-sedimentary rock and dolomite from the upper part of the Meso-Proterozoic Kunyang Group, This indicates that ore lead was derived neither from the cover rock nor from the basement rocks; (2) Although the Neo-Proterozoic Siman dolomite and silicalite, and dolomite in the lower part of the Kunyang Group are similar in Pb isotopic composition to the ores, lead and copper contents in these rocks are very low and they have not made great contributions to copper mineralization; (3) The ores have the same Pb iso-topic composition as the basalt, the latter being enriched in copper. These facts indicate that lead and copper were derived from the basalt. According to the regional geological data and the geological-geochemical characteristics of the ore deposits, it is suggested that ore-forming materials were leached out from the basalt. The thickness and buried depth of the basalt and regional tectonic dynamics can affect the formation of large-scale copper deposits. Therefore, exploration for this type of ore deposits should be conducted in the areas from western Yunnan to western Sichuan, where there are developed basalts of great thickness, with extensive tectonic movement and magmatic activity.     

锡矿床包裹体地球化学

系统地研究湘桂粤赣地区主要类型锡矿床的包裹体特征,表明锡石主要形成于250～400℃范围,成矿流体以中低盐度为主,属Ca~(2+)-Na~+-F~-型的富CO_2流体.同时还指出包裹体在矿田和矿床范围内具有分带的特征,最后提出流体的沸腾和混合是锡多金属矿床的重要成矿作用.     

湘桂粤赣区域性位场资料的数据处理及其应用

应用位场资料(△g,△T),进行数据处理和图像综合分析技术,圈定隐伏岩体,划分区域构造,提出找矿远景区,为在该区找矿预测提供新的信息.     

Variation of continental mantle heat flow with age. Possibility of discriminating between thermal models of the lithosphere

Continental mantle heat flow values are obtained by subtracting the radiogenic heat produced in the lower crust and lithosphere beneath the crust from reduced heat flow values reported for various heat flow provinces. The significance of continental mantle heat flow values thus obtained is that they can be considered essentially as representing the residual heat of cooling of the continental lithosphere. A plot of these mantle heat flow values against 1/t where t is the geologic age of the last thermal event suggests a linear trend. It is also found that the recently proposed relationQ=500 (1/t) for the variation of oceanic heat flowQ (in mW/M²) with aget (in million years) provides a reasonably good fit to the mantle heat flow data. The constant thickness plate model however, is found to be unsatisfactory in explaining the variation of continental mantle heat flow with age.