车载激光雷达测量系统整体检校方法

针对目前系统检校常用方法中大多依赖手工提取点时无法准确获得检校点、绝对精度较低、对实际数据的适用性差等问题,该文结合自主研发的车载激光雷达测量系统,提出一种利用带有反射片的特制球形标靶及利用距离阈值插值算法快速、方便且准确地对车载激光雷达测量系统进行外参数检校的方法。结果表明:与传统方法相比,该方法可以完全弥补常规方法中提取的检校点不准确、精度低等缺点,适用性及实用性更强;在绝对精度方面,整体水平精度达到0.05m以下,高程精度达到0.06m以下;在相对精度方面,拟合检校球直径精度达到0.003m以下,距离精度达到0.002m以下,证明该方法的精度、适用性完全满足当前车载激光雷达测量系统检校的精度需求。     

一体化综合减灾智能服务系统研究

针对目前我国减灾服务重决策轻预警,减灾服务技术、系统、应用集成不够,尚缺乏完善的一体化综合减灾智能服务体系现状。该文从测绘地理信息视角,分析了室内外一体化应急定位、多源应急数据融合、灾害场景可视化、灾害模型分析服务等关键技术,构建了一体化综合减灾智能服务原型系统,并在国家基础地理信息中心和陕西省的相关应急部门进行了实际应用,实现了应急信息的一体化感知、定位、融合、分析、服务,为我国综合减灾决策分析提供了技术支撑。     

基于多模CORS的网络RTK服务性能测试

从北斗地基增强系统建设出发,分析多模CORS实验网,提供多模网络RTK服务,增强北斗卫星导航系统的应用。根据实时测量精度、定位服务的时效性、时间可用性、空间可用性和实用性测试,评价实验网提供的网络RTK服务性能。测试结果表明通过加入北斗导航卫星系统信号,定位精度略为提高,可有效改善电离层模型,提高流动站固定的效率,可以解决困难环境的作业问题,提高作业效率。     

A novel spatial index using spatial analyses and hierarchical fuzzy expert system for obtaining green TOD: a case study in Tehran city

Sustainable development is a vital and challenging factor for managing urban growth smartly. This factor contains three main components, namely economic growth, ecological protection and social justice. Green Transit-Oriented Development (GTOD) is a consummate planning approach in line with those components. Implementation of GTOD in an urban area is underpinned by its quantification. Therefore, a quantitative spatial index based on several indicators related to TOD and Green urbanism concepts should be developed. In this study, Geo-spatial Information Science and hierarchical fuzzy inference system (HFIS) were employed to calculate the indicators and aggregate them, respectively. In order to showcase the feasibility of the proposed method, it was implemented in a case study area in the City of Tehran, Iran. The result of this method is an integrated spatial GTOD index, which measures the neighbourhoods’ GTOD levels. These measurements specify weaknesses and strengths of neighbourhoods’ factors. Therefore, this index helps decision-makers to plan neighbourhoods based on land use and public transit views. Additionally, the HFIS method helps decision-makers to consider criteria and indicators with their inherent uncertainties and aggregate them with much fewer rules. For evaluating the results, the developed GTOD index was assessed with municipal action planning and attraction maps. According to the outcomes of the assessment, it is concluded that the proposed method is adequately robust and efficient for smart and sustainable urban planning.     

广西北斗地基增强系统性能测试与精度分析

在完成广西北斗地基增强系统建设的基础上,测试了系统网络RTK实时定位测量的内符合精度、环境可用性、空间可用性、时间可用性与兼容性;并对GPS+BDS+GLONASS、BDS、GPS+GLONASS三种模式下网络RTK的定位结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,广西北斗地基增强系统的各项精度指标满足设计要求,基于GPS+BDS+GLONASS多系统的网络RTK测量具有较高的精度与较好的稳定性和可靠性。     

Trimble MX7移动测量系统精度影响因素分析

车载移动测量系统的测图精度受测量环境影响较大,而城市测量的环境一般较复杂,且环境对测量精度的影响程度并未明确,因此本文主要针对车辆在建筑物遮挡和拐弯两种情况下做了实验,同时对同一目标点的二维坐标和三维坐标进行了平面精度的对比,综合分析评价了Trimble MX7移动测量系统在实际应用中行驶轨迹精度和目标点位精度的变化情况。实验证明,轨迹拐弯处的点位精度比车辆直行时的点位精度差,但满足1∶1 000数字测图精度要求,在建筑遮挡最密集时点位精度最差但仍可应用于1∶1 000野外数字测图,直接对目标点的三维坐标进行提取的精度优于二维坐标提取方式,该测量系统可应用于1∶2 000野外数字测图的高程测量。     

自动化监测系统在深基坑监测中的可靠性分析

深基坑监测对于城市工程的安全建设具有重要的指导意义。为了探究自动化监测系统在城市深基坑监测中的可行性,根据全站仪的测量原理利用Matlab进行三维仿真,从理论上证明了自动化监测系统的平面精度能够达到规范要求。采用尺度变形分析及水平位移对比分析,论证了在城市深基坑监测中利用自动化监测系统进行水平位移监测的可靠性。     

Building a model-based personalised recommendation approach for tourist attractions from geotagged social media data

When travelling, people are accustomed to taking and uploading photos on social media websites, which has led to the accumulation of huge numbers of geotagged photos. Combined with multisource information (e.g. weather, transportation, or textual information), these geotagged photos could help us in constructing user preference profiles at a high level of detail. Therefore, using these geotagged photos, we built a personalised recommendation system to provide attraction recommendations that match a user's preferences. Specifically, we retrieved a geotagged photo collection from the public API for Flickr (Flickr.com) and fetched a large amount of other contextual information to rebuild a user's travel history. We then created a model-based recommendation method with a two-stage architecture that consists of candidate generation (the matching process) and candidate ranking. In the matching process, we used a support vector machine model that was modified for multiclass classification to generate the candidate list. In addition, we used a gradient boosting regression tree to score each candidate and rerank the list. Finally, we evaluated our recommendation results with respect to accuracy and ranking ability. Compared with widely used memory-based methods, our proposed method performs significantly better in the cold-start situation and when mining ‘long-tail’ data.     

基于WSR框架的《开发区土地集约利用评价规程》指标体系分析

旨在剖析我国《开发区土地集约利用评价规程》中指标体系存在的问题并提出改进建议。在界定开发区土地集约利用内涵基础上,从要素特征(W维)、利用目标(R维)和评价过程(S维)等3个维度阐述了开发区土地集约利用评价的系统要求,构建关联分析矩阵,对《规程》中评价指标体系的特征差异化、层次完整性和目标关联性等3个方面进行了分析讨论。针对当前《规程》中存在的评价对象混杂、开发区类型需要细化、指标体系不完整、计算方法需修正等问题提出了相应修改建议。     

滇东断陷盆地南洞岩溶地下水系统地下河水文动态特征与资源量评价

本文对滇东断陷盆地南洞岩溶地下水系统各地下河的水文动态特征进行了分析,推断了南洞岩溶地下水系统的结构特征.根据岩性构造、地下河发育以及补径排关系,将其划分为四个子系统.分别采用降雨入渗系数法和径流模数法对南洞岩溶地下水系统的天然资源量进行计算,计算结果分别为35610.7万m3/a和33460.2万m3/a.用枯季径流...