数值模拟技术在海坨子油田开发调整研究中的应用

讨论分析数值模拟技术在海坨子油田开发调整研究中的思路和方法,采用美国Landmark公司VIP2003．4版本数值模拟软件包进行模拟研究,通过参数准备,静、动态拟合,模拟出海坨子油田海S9—11井组1—9砂组各小层剩余储量大小及不同阶段流体饱和度分布,结合可视化技术形象描述了海坨子油田剩余油变化规律及潜力区,在此基础上预测不同井网加密方式开发指标,并优选出最佳方案,为海坨子油田下步开发调整提供了重要依据,取得了较好的效果。     

Optimization of nonconventional wells under uncertainty using statistical proxies

The determination of the optimal type and placement of a nonconventional well in a heterogeneous reservoir represents a challenging optimization problem. This determination is significantly more complicated if uncertainty in the reservoir geology is included in the optimization. In this study, a genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the deployment of nonconventional wells. Geological uncertainty is accounted for by optimizing over multiple reservoir models (realizations) subject to a prescribed risk attitude. To reduce the excessive computational requirements of the base method, a new statistical proxy (which provides fast estimates of the objective function) based on cluster analysis is introduced into the optimization process. This proxy provides an estimate of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the scenario performance, which enables the quantification of proxy uncertainty. Knowledge of the proxy-based performance estimate in conjunction with the proxy CDF enables the systematic selection of the most appropriate scenarios for full simulation. Application of the overall method for the optimization of monobore and dual-lateral well placement demonstrates the performance of the hybrid optimization procedure. Specifically, it is shown that by simulating only 10% or 20% of the scenarios (as determined by application of the proxy), optimization results very close to those achieved by simulating all cases are obtained.     

Post-depositional 137Cs Mobility in the Sediments of Three Shallow Coastal Lagoons, SW England

We present ¹³⁷Cs profiles for three low lying coastal lagoons in Southwest England that show a decline in activity with sediment depth. ¹³⁷Cs inventories are lower than expected by comparison with local reference inventories despite the fact that sampling was undertaken in the deep-water zone of each lake where sediment and ¹³⁷Cs focusing would be expected. At all three locations, lake sediment ⁷Be and unsupported ²¹⁰Pb (²¹⁰Pb_un) inventories are not significantly lower than the local reference inventory. ¹³⁷Cs inventories in the study cores range from 38 to 95% of local reference inventories. The standing water level and mud: water interface at two sites are below maximum tide level and, at all three sites, salinity increases significantly in the water columns between low and high tide and in the pore waters of the underlying sediments. We suggest that the difference in hydrostatic pressure between sea level and standing water levels in the lagoons forces salt water up through the sediment column and that monovalent cations (especially Na⁺ and K⁺) replace ¹³⁷Cs on exchange sites leading to the upward migration and loss of ¹³⁷Cs. Rising sea levels may therefore contribute to remobilisation and release of ¹³⁷Cs to the aquatic environment from the sediments of coastal lagoons.     

Optimization of SAGD Well Elevation

The application of steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) to recover heavy oil sands is becoming increasingly important in the northern Alberta McMurray Formation because of the vast resources/reserves accessible with this mechanism. Selecting the stratigraphic elevations of SAGD well pairs is a vital decision for reservoir evaluation and planning. The inherent uncertainty in the distribution of geological variables significantly influences this decision. Geostatistical simulation is used to capture geological uncertainty, which is used can be transformed into a distribution of the best possible well pair elevations. A simple exhaustive calculation scheme is used to determine the optimum stratigraphic location of a SAGD well pair where the recovery R is maximized. There are three basic steps to the methodology: (1) model the uncertainty in the top continuous bitumen (TCB) and bottom continuous bitumen (BCB) surfaces, (2) calculate the recovery at all possible elevation increments within the TCB and BCB interval, and (3) identify the elevation that maximizes R. This is repeated for multiple TCB/BCB pairs of surfaces to assess uncertainty. The methodology is described and implemented on a subset of data from the Athabasca Oilsands in Fort McMurray, Alberta.     

旧供水井化学处理方法介绍--以加德满都市旧供水井修复为例

本文以加德满都市旧供水井修复项目为例,针对因滤水管缝隙被化学物质堵塞,导致井出水量逐年减少的旧供水井。通过井下电视摄像系统检查,采用六偏磷酸钠、氨基黄酸等有机酸,结合刷洗、高压喷射等机械方法进行处理,使旧供水井出水量得到明显提高。     

从电法勘探资料分析宋楼煤矿主斜井突水因素

根据宋楼煤矿主斜井直流电法勘探资料及矿井地质及水文地质条件的分析,煤矿主斜井突水原因应该是来自第四系砂砾石含水层及深层地下岩溶水。通过电法勘探确定裂隙发育带、富水区域、涌水部位,对此处实施钻孔注浆堵水后,恢复生产。     

沁水盆地煤层气钻井工艺方法

针对沁水盆地煤层气概况,地层情况及开采条件,介绍了参数井、生产井、多分支地面煤层气水平开发井、丛式井等钻井工艺、钻具组合、井身结构及井身质量要求.     

三工河流域222团竖井排灌区潜水动态分析

222团地处三工河流域冲洪积细土平原下游,40多年来的农业生产灌溉,使灌区大部分地区处于潜水临界埋深以上,土壤次生盐渍化加剧.分析了灌区潜水埋深动态特征及其影响因素,就竖井排灌区地下水开采量与潜水埋深关系进行回归分析计算,建立了开采量预测模型.     

福州地热XG3深井应用气举反循环施工技术

介绍了福州地热XG3深井采用气举反循环施工技术的实践过程和应用效果。