Intraspecific crossings ofUndaria pinnatifida (Harv.) Sur.—A possible time-saving way of strain selection

Unicellular gametophytes ofUndaria pinnatifida (Harv.) Sur. were isolated in Qingdao, P. R. China in April 1993 and in Tokushima, southern Japan in March 1995. Different intraspecific crossings by using unicellular male and female gametophytes were successfully undertaken in Sept. of 1995 in Qingdao. Sporophytes were transplanted to two different locations for open sea cultivation. One was at Zhanqiao (ZQ) Bay where the water current was slower than that of another location—Taipingjiao(TPJ). A total of 218 adult sporophytes were harvested on January 12 and 18 from TPJ and ZQ respectively. For eacn combination, 10 sporophytes were cultivated. Analysis of the morphological characteristics of adult sporophytes indicated that the longest length between two bases of the serration of pinnate blades (W2) is a morphological characteristic that can be transferred from the parent plant to the next generations regardless of environmental variations. There was evidence that W2 was apparently determined by sex-linked factors, i.e., by male parental gametophyte. Sporophytes from certain crossing combinations showed more vigorous growth than those from other crossing combinations. It is therefore possible to select gametophyte strains which can be used as parental gametophytes for the seedling production of sporophytes with more vigorous growth within shorter cultivation period. The morphology of hybrids from a Qingdao strain and a Tokushima cultivated strain resembled that of both parental plants in frond features (wrinkled or smooth) and W2. Sporophyll formation also varied with strains. The fact that adult sporophytes resulting from the same crossing combinations have identical morphological characteristics under the same environmental conditions indicates the possibility of a new way to select strains which are expected to be ideal for commerical production by purposely selecting, propagating, and seeding unicellular gametophytes for sporeling production through freeliving techniques of gametophytes. Project 39400102 supported by NSFC, also supported by National Climbing Plan B (PD-B642); and Bioengineering Center, SSTC.     

东湾背斜构造特征与勘探目标选择

东湾背斜位于准噶尔盆地南缘,采用多种地球物理及地质方法,通过多次论证,证明构造是落实的,且其烃源岩、储集层以及盖层条件都较好,但2003年完钻的东湾1井钻探结果却无任何油气显示。在深入了解准噶尔盆地南缘区域构造背景的基础上,探讨了东湾背斜的构造特征、构造演化过程及油气成藏条件,总结出东湾背斜的油气聚集规律,指出在东湾地区可能存在的两种油气藏模式,最后提出下步有利勘探目标区。     

基于决策树的多光谱影像分类研究

采用了辅以纹理特征的决策树方法进行分类,探讨了决策树在遥感数据分类方面的优势,提高了遥感影像的分类精度。     

成像光谱数据特征选择及小麦品种识别实验研究

针对河北栾城获得的MAIS成像光谱仪数据用于小麦品种识别进行了特征选择和分类研究。利用遗传算法以JM距离为准则并结合实验区小麦的生物物理特性，进行了最佳波段选择；利用Fuzzy—Anmap分类器及选出的最佳波段对成像光谱数据进行了分类，区分出了4种小麦品种，小麦的总体分类精度超过97％。     

图斑数据自动概括中面向地理特征的层结构选取

在信息定义和结构化选取的基础上，根据图斑的空间分布与距离联系，给出图斑数据地理要素层结构的定义和建立过程，从而实现图斑数据制图概括中对象选取的模型化。     

基于偏最小二乘回归的纹理特征线性组合

基于偏最小二乘回归技术时纹理特征进行线性组合，得到新的纹理特征来进行分类。实验表明，组合后的纹理特征不但提高了纹理分类的性能，而且具有一定的数据自适应能力。     

高山雷达站选址对估测降水的影响分析

高山雷达站天线高度对雷达的垂直探测范围影响较大,加之中小尺度灾害性天气演生、发展的关键区域在高度1500~4500 m左右,所以高山雷达站在选址时应考虑当地零度层平均高度和雷达的垂直探测范围。通过定量估测层状云降水的个例实践,发现探测高度会限制定量估测降水,探测高度对近距离降水估测影响较小,但对远距离降水估测影响较大,原因主要是雷达的垂直探测范围及当地零度层亮带高度的影响。故在高山雷达站选址中应考虑雷达的垂直探测范围及当地零度层亮带高度的影响,同时对已建设完成的高山天气雷达应考虑对高山雷达做0°仰角的观测可行性研究。     

中国石油战略选区重点目标油气地质条件分析及勘探建议

首先,分析了中国石油天然气股份有限公司优选出的3个战略选区重点目标,即河套盆地、塔里木东南坳陷和羌塘盆地的油气资源条件,认为这3个目标都具有资源量大、资源丰度较高的特点,具有开展战略选区的油气资源基础.其次,论述了3个目标的储盖组合和油气显示情况,指出每个地区虽然具有不同的特点,但都具有基本的油气成藏条件和较好的勘探前景.最后,在分析3个目标存在的主要问题的基础上,提出了相应的勘探工作建议.     

中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气地质特点、战略选区思考及需要解决的主要地质问题

中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气资源量大,但探明程度低,是油气资源战略接替的重要领域。中国海相碳酸盐岩层系具有形成时代老、改造强烈、沉积中心与生烃中心不吻合、储层具有多样性且非均质性强、多烃源层、多期生烃、多期成藏、多期调整与改造等显著特点,与陆相碎屑岩层系有明显差别,又有别于国外海相碳酸盐岩层系。在对不同地区海相碳酸盐岩层系油气地质条件进行分析解剖的基础上,分别对四川盆地、中下扬子及滇黔桂地区、塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、渤海湾盆地和青藏地区的海相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探战略选区急需解决的地质问题进行了讨论。     

中国煤层气选区评价标准探讨

煤层气选区评价关系到勘探的成功与否,是煤层气勘探研究最基础的工作。近年国内外煤层气成藏理论、开发技术的快速发展,使得低煤阶气藏、连续薄层气藏、高煤阶低渗气藏等都获得成功开发,大大拓宽了煤层气的开发领域。此前国内在中煤阶成藏优势论基础上建立的选区标准已不适合当前的要求。根据当前存在的问题,结合煤层气成藏类型、地质特点和技术现状,对中国煤层气勘探选区评价标准进行了研究,试图建立一套煤层气选区评价标准,以期对国内煤层气选区评价工作提供借鉴。