Age of metamorphic rock masses in Laba Basin,North Caucasus

A Neoarchaean sanukitoid pluton that was intruded into the base of the Guyang greenstone belt in the Yinshan Block of the North China Craton hosts a number of hornblendite enclaves. Geochemically, the pluton is characterized by high MgO, Mg#, Cr, Ni, large-ion lithophile element (LILE), and heavy rare earth element (HREE) contents and low TiO₂ and high-field strength element (HFSE) contents, and has relatively low Sr/Y ratios and negative Eu anomalies. Whole-rock Sr–Nd isotopic analyses indicate that it has ε_Nd(t) values of +1.4 to +2.0. These geochemical and isotopic characteristic suggest that the sanukitoid was formed under a low-pressure and high-temperature environment by slab melting and assimilation of hornblendite enclaves. The hornblendite enclaves show high MgO, Mg#, Cr, and Ni contents, high and variable K₂O, LREE, and Th contents, enrichment in LILEs and LREEs, and depletion in HFSEs. They have high Y contents and relatively low Sr/Y values, strongly negative Eu anomalies, and whole-rock ε_Nd(t) values of +1.0 to +1.9. The geochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that these enclaves might have been derived from a mixed source of an enriched mantle, metasomatized by melts expelled from subducted sediments in a high-temperature, low-pressure environment. To explain these characteristics, a ridge subduction model is proposed for the formation of the sanukitoid and hornblendite in the Yinshan Block in the Neoarchaean.     

The nature of the Palaeozoic oceanic basin at the southwestern margin of Gondwana and implications for the origin of the Chilenia terrane (Pichilemu region,central Chile)

The Coastal Accretionary Complex of central Chile constitutes the product of early Carboniferous to Late Triassic subduction at the rear of Chilenia, a continental terrane likely derived from Laurentia and accreted to southwestern margin of Gondwana during the Mid to Late Devonian. The complex contains basaltic metavolcanic sequences of the subducted oceanic lithosphere accreted to the active margin. In this paper, we address the tectonic setting of these rocks by means of a geochemical study in the coastal area of Pichilemu region, central Chile. The accreted fragments of oceanic crust occupy different structural levels, exhibit variable metamorphic grade, and have geochemical fingerprints that reveal a compositional heterogeneity of the subducted oceanic crust. The amphibolites have N to E-MORB compositions. Greenschist units include N-MORB and E-MORB transitional to OIB, and blueschists and greenschists interleaved within a single metavolcanosedimentary sequence have OIB signatures. Neodymium isotopic systematics indicate depleted and enriched mantle sources, whereas strontium isotopic systematics indicate seawater/rock interaction. The variety of rocks suggests formation in an oceanic setting characterized by shallow and deep mantle sources, such as plume-influenced ridge. Based on the geological, petrological, geochemical, and isotopic characteristics, we propose that the metavolcanic protoliths of the Pichilemu region formed relatively close to the western margin of the Chilenia terrane during the initial stage (late Cambrian–Early Devonian) of seafloor development and drifting of this continental block. Geochemical similarities with oceanic units accreted to the active margin south of the Pichilemu region indicate a regional pattern of the oceanic crust subducted under the Palaeozoic Chilean margin between, at least, 34°S and 39°S latitude, strongly supporting the activity of a mantle plume. This, in turn, can be correlated with the location of the Pacific plume generation zone in early Palaeozoic era, corroborating a Laurentian origin for the Chilenia terrane.     

连续小波变换在探地雷达信号分析中的应用研究

广泛应用于工程勘探的探地雷达,由于其发射的高频电磁波在介质中迅速衰减、受环境噪声大等因素影响,探测剖面难以对相对较深的异常体有较好的响应.复信号分析提取三瞬参数可多角度分析信号,并能突出弱反射信息,但易受噪声干扰,且常规的滤波方法不能有效地去除这一干扰.将具有时～频双重局限性的小波变换引入到复信号分析中,解决了复信号分析易受噪声干扰的问题,恢复了其对异常提取的能力.将此算法用于实际雷达探测数据处理中,取得了良好的应用效果.     

云南北衙铁金矿区小波多尺度分析综合解释方法应用效果

通过模型磁异常分解,结合功率谱分析及异常振幅计算场源深度并判断场源分布平面位置,表明小波多尺度分析在位场分离中的有效性.将该方法应用于北衙铁金矿区磁异常分析解释,通过功率谱分析估算了各阶细节及四阶逼近的场源深度,结合不同深度异常振幅推断了磁源空间展布关系特征.分析表明,区内北部和西部强磁异常主要由矿体引起,且矿体在中深部产状发生改变;而东部大范围磁异常区主要为二叠系玄武岩所致.     

Links between NAO fluctuations and inter-annual variability of winter-months precipitation in the Seine River watershed (north-western France)

The inter-annual to multi-decadal winter variability (DJFM) of precipitation on the Seine River watershed (France) was analysed using continuous wavelet transform analysis and compared to the winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI). Nine weather stations were used over the 1951 to 2004 period and confirmed the homogeneity of inter-annual fluctuations for all stations but one. Wavelet coherence between SLP over the Icelandic and Azores regions and precipitation highlighted coherence for different scales of variability according to the centre of action considered. Segmentation and wavelet analysis and coherence between precipitation and NAOI over a long period of time (1873–2004) showed: i) increasing variability across the last century at most time scales, especially for NAOI; ii) the existence of change points for the mean and variance of both signals; iii) overall discontinuity of the coherence whatever the scale considered, especially between ∼1910 and ∼1955 for inter-decennial to pluri-decennial scales.     

月海盆地线性构造展布及其成因分析

综合多源遥感数据识别提取月球正面南北纬50°之间的线性构造,重点分析月岭和月溪的影像特征、分布规律和时空关系,结合月海沉降模型分析两者的成因机制,结合地形和重力场数据预测影响月岭类型的因素。研究表明,在质量瘤盆地,月岭和月溪存在明显的时空关系和构造成因联系,两者主要由月海沉降产生的局部应力引起,前月海时期盆地的均衡状态和月海充填的几何形状可能影响了月岭的分布类型。     

基于不同小波变换与同态滤波结合的CBERS-02B卫星CCD图像的薄云去除

卫星CCD图像的去云处理对遥感信息的增强与提取有重要的意义,尤其是在云覆盖严重的低纬度地区。为去除CBERS-02B卫星CCD图像中薄云的影响,分别使用Mallat和à trous 2种小波变换对图像进行分解;利用同态滤波对2种小波分解图像的低频系数进行处理,衰减其低频信息;将处理后的小波低频系数与分解的高频系数进行小波重构,从而达到去云的目的。定量分析基于Mallat和à trous小波变换结合同态滤波法的去云结果表明,经à trous小波变换结合同态滤波法的去云影像所包含信息量大,细节信息丰富,去云效果较好。     

基于EWT-ARMA的短期电离层TEC预测模型

针对电离层总电子含量（TEC）数据非线性、非平稳的特点,在自回归移动平均（ARMA）模型的基础上,结合经验小波变换（EWT）,提出一种组合的短期电离层预测方法。采用IGS提供的电离层TEC格网数据进行实验,通过对比分析可知,相较于单一ARMA模型,本文组合模型在太阳活动低年和太阳活动高年5 d内的平均相对精度分别提高4.8%和2.8%,前1 d内组合模型的平均相对精度分别提高7%和6.1%。     

基于移不变全方向角提升的遥感图像降噪

在分析遥感图像结构特征及其与噪声之间主要区别的基础上,利用图像信号的方向信息,提出基于移不变全方向角提升小波（TI—OL）抑制遥感图像噪声的方法。该方法在方向提升小波变换的基础上并利用循环平移,Gabor小波滤波器和图像旋转技术改进了方向提升小波在图像去噪过程中存在的三个弊端：缺乏移不变性质,图像局部方向信息判方法断缺乏噪声鲁棒性和变换方向分布有限。消除去噪结果中的吉布斯效应,提高图像方向信息判断的准确性并保证图像纹理方向始终落在方向提升能最优表示的方向区间内。试验结果证明所提方法在处理遥感图像的过程中能在去噪的同时保留图像的细节和边缘信息,对遥感图像中的边缘信息如道路和桥梁有较好的刻画性能,较传统方法去噪性能（PSNR）和主观视觉效果（SSIM）均有较大提高。     

基于HVS和模糊隶属度函数的卫星图像融合算法

提出了一种基于人类视觉系统和模糊隶属度函数的小波卫星图像融合新算法,利用小波域的人类视觉系统经验模型,刻画图像的边缘、纹理及高亮区域,采用模糊隶属度函数自适应地计算权系数,在小波域上通过加权平均实现了图像融合。