MHD激波解的讨论

从Ｒａｎｋｉｎｅ－Ｈｕｇｏｎｉｏｔ关系出发，以激波切向磁场ξ、上游激波角θ_１和等离子体β_１值为参数研究各类激波解的特性及相互关系，阐明各类激波强度随介质β值的变化规律．结果指出：（１）在ξ＜－１的Ⅰ_ｂ型中间激波区和ξ＞４的快激波区存在双解；（２）慢激波可以直接和中间激波连接，但不能和快激波直接连接；（３）各类激波强度（用激波密度比衡量）随β_１值均有变化：Ⅰ_ｂ型中间激波上支随β_１值增加而下降，下支则上升；Ⅰ_ａ型中间激波和慢激波都随β_１值增加而下降；快激波双解区上支随β_１值增加而下降。下支上升；快激波在１＜ξ＜４区间的解随β_１值增加而上升。     

苍山5．2级地震前地震波速比的异常变化

本文对苍山５．２级地震前，鲁南地区地震波速比的时、空分布特征进行了分析，发现５．２级地震前，该区波速比的时、空分布都出现了较明显的低值异常。时间分布的异常形态为下降—低值—恢复—发震。空间分布则为近似圆形的低值异常区。异常区外围地区显示地震平静。苍山５．２级地震前，我们曾根据该区的波速比异常变化，对鲁南地区提出了预报意见。     

云龙台固体潮观测对地震监测能力的评价

对云龙台的水管倾斜仪观测数据进行了倾斜固体潮的潮汐分析，发现ＥＷ和ＮＳ两个分量的振幅因子异常变化与地震有较好的对应关系。由于潮汐分析方法本身的科学性和严密性，故振幅因子误差小、精度高；又因为对潮汐谐波波群的选择，避免了以太阳日为基础的周期性干扰，Ｍ２、Ｏ１波振幅因子的地震异常识别则简易可行，并且可信度高。云龙台的固体潮观测具有较强的地震监测能力。     

The Q value variations in the preparing pro－cess of rock rupture

ＴｈｅＱｖａｌｕｅｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｐａｒｉｎｇｐｒｏ┐ｃｅｓｏｆｒｏｃｋｒｕｐｔｕｒｅＢＩＮＷＡＮＧ１）（王彬），ＺＨＡＯ－ＹＯＮＧＸＵ１）（许昭永），ＪＩＮ－ＭＩＮＧＺＨＡＯ１）（赵晋明）ＹＩ－ＬＩＨＵ２）（胡毅力）１）Ｓｅｉ...     

Modeling,ray tracing,and block nonlinear travel-time inversion in 3D

We describe an integrated forward and inverse three-dimensional modeling system that can deal with complex geological structures. The system has been designed to handle large-scale problems by using a distributed approach. It uses seismic ray tracing for forward simulation, time-to-depth mapping, and nonlinear travel-time inversion.A novel decomposition method is our tool to attack large-scale problems in a parallel approach. The system is fully implemented and we demonstrate its performance with synthetic examples.This research was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under SBIR Grant III-9300992.     

Inversion of Q value structure beneath the Tibet Plateau

A total of 11 earthquakes with 15 Rayleigh wave paths, recorded at 11 broadband digital PASSCAL seismometers installed in the Tibet Plateau by the Sino-U.S. joint research group, were used to determine the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of surface waves in periods of 10–130 s. The average shear wave velocity and quality factor {ie271-1} structures in the crust and upper mantle were obtained in this region. The result shows the average {ie271-2} is low and there exists a high attenuation ({ie271-3}=93–141) layer in the crust. The depth range of the low {ie271-4} value layer (16–42 km) is consistent with the range of low velocity layer (21–51 km) in the crust. Below 63 km in the lower crust, {ie271-5} decreases with depth from 114 to 34 at depth of 180 km. The low shear wave velocity and low value of {ie271-6} at the same depth range in the crust indicate that the rocks in the range is probably melted or partially melted. According to the shear wave velocity structure, the average thickness of the crust is about 71 km and a clear velocity discontiniuty appears at the depth of 51 km. The low-velocity zone (4. 26 km/s) at depth of 96–180 km may be corresponding to the asthenosphere. Contribution No. 96A0047, Institute of Geophysics, SSB, China. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

对称化测量高频电磁波测井的优化组合研究

采用对称化测量可克服现有单发双收高频电磁波测井仪器（ＤＰＴ）由于收－发不对称结构导致的幅度比测井曲线严重失真的缺陷，提高ＤＰＴ的纵向分辨率．通过对二线非均质测井环境下ＤＰＴ响应的数值模拟，指出选用原频率较低、源距较长仪器的相位差测量与源频率较高、源距较短仪器的幅度比测量进行组合，可获得高品质的视介电常数和视电阻率曲线，显著提高ＤＰＴ的资料解释能力．这里源频率的恰当选择起着关键作用．     

不同温压条件下弹性波在岩石中传播速度的实验研究

对以岩浆岩为主的岩石类型进行了不同温压条件下弹性波传播速度的实验研究，结果表明：（１）岩石的物质组成是决定弹性波传播速度的主要因素。以岩浆岩为例，由酸性到基性波速呈增加趋势；（２）岩石中弹性波的传播速度随环境条件改变而变化。一般说来，随温压条件的升高而升高     

云南地壳生热率分布

研究地壳岩石放射性生热率的垂向分布，是研究深部热结构的基础。根据深部地震测深资料，利用地震波速与生热率之间的关系，估计了云南地壳生热率的垂向分布。全区上地壳生热率一般为０．８～２．１μＷ／ｍ３，中地壳为０．４～１．２μＷ／ｍ３，下地壳为０．１１～０．５５μＷ／ｍ３     

The effect of local irregular topography on seismic ground motion

Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｌｏｃａｌｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｙｏｎｓｅｉｓｍｉｃ　ｇｒｏｕｎｄ　ｍｏｔｉｏｎＪＩＧ－ｈｏＬＩＵ（刘晶波）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＢｅｉｊｉ...