Height prediction of water flowing fractured zones based on BP artificial neural network

Factures caused by deformation and destruction of bedrocks over coal seams can easily lead to water flooding(inrush)in mines,a threat to safety production.Fractures with high hydraulic conductivity are good watercourses as well as passages for inrush in mines and tunnels.An accurate height prediction of water flowing fractured zones is a key issue in today's mine water prevention and control.The theory of leveraging BP artificial neural network in height prediction of water flowing fractured zones is analysed and applied in Qianjiaying Mine as an example in this paper.Per the comparison with traditional calculation results,the BP artificial neural network better reflects the geological conditions of the research mine areas and produces more objective,accurate and reasonable results,which can be applied to predict the height of water flowing fractured zones.     

平朔矿区杨涧煤矿90102工作面底板堵截技术研究

杨涧煤矿90102工作面底板隔水层厚度约50m,隔水层底板奥灰水压约1.8MPa,经煤矿开采该工作面揭露5个陷落柱,运输顺槽230~290m发生底鼓并多处开裂涌水,分析水源为底部砂岩水,底板隔水层发育的裂隙在近距离厚煤层回采条件下,必将加剧其底板破坏,为确保工作面安全开采,有必要实施底板堵截工程。为此,在矿区岩溶陷落柱发育规律探查、底鼓监测条件下,以XL1陷落柱和底鼓区为例,针对柱体下段、底板破坏带,采用水泥浆液来截断底板出水补给来源的同时加固底板隔水层强度。经钻探验证堵截效果较好。最后对治理方案、注浆层段、注浆参数等进行了详细总结,形成了适用于朔州矿区的注浆堵截技术,可为指导矿区今后防治水实践提供借鉴。     

Contested H2O: Science, policy and politics in water resources management in Chile

This paper critically explores the politics that mediate the use of environmental science assessments as the basis of resource management policy. Drawing on recent literature in the political ecology tradition that has emphasised the politicised nature of the production and use of scientific knowledge in environmental management, the paper analyses a hydrological assessment in a small river basin in Chile, undertaken in response to concerns over the possible overexploitation of groundwater resources. The case study illustrates the limitations of an approach based predominantly on hydrogeological modelling to ascertain the effects of increased groundwater abstraction. In particular, it identifies the subjective ways in which the assessment was interpreted and used by the state water resources agency to underpin water allocation decisions in accordance with its own interests, and the role that a desocialised assessment played in reproducing unequal patterns of resource use and configuring uneven waterscapes. Nevertheless, as Chile’s ‘neoliberal’ political-economic framework privileges the role of science and technocracy, producing other forms of environmental knowledge to complement environmental science is likely to be contentious. In conclusion, the paper considers the potential of mobilising the concept of the hydrosocial cycle to further critically engage with environmental science.     

Estimating groundwater recharge rates in the southeastern Holstein region, northern Germany

In the southeastern Holstein region, located to the east of the metropolitan zone of Hamburg, northern Germany, a groundwater investigation program was conducted from 1984 to 2000 by the State Agency for Nature and Environment (Landesamt für Natur und Umwelt, LANU) of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, with the aim of providing long-term, ecologically acceptable groundwater management plans for the region. The focal point of the investigation comprised the determination of groundwater recharge rates. The investigation method was based on the transfer of available lysimeter results from other regions to comparable regions within the area studied. With the help of lysimeter equations, potential amounts of percolation water were calculated. The groundwater recharge rate was then determined after subtraction of the surface runoff which was calculated for the entire area. All computations were performed with a spreadsheet program. Groundwater recharge rates were calculated for two areas. One consisted of roughly determining groundwater recharge rates for the total region (1,392 km²) of southeastern Holstein. The overall goal of these investigations was to identify potential areas of water exploitation. Areas in which groundwater recharge rates are high and groundwater outflow is low are particularly suited to water exploitation, since inflow rates into deeper aquifers are high. These areas are located on the flanks of the Elbe and Stecknitz River valleys. Subsurface groundwater runoff to these lowlands would be reduced through groundwater withdrawal. However, the resulting decline in shallow groundwater tables would be so small that it would have no detrimental ecological effects. Groundwater recharge rates were also calculated for a 110-km² area in the outskirts of Hamburg (Grosshansdorf model area) which is intensively developed for water supply. These investigations showed that the amount of groundwater recharge is already being withdrawn to a large extent. Approximately 65% of the recharge rate is currently withdrawn by the waterworks in this area, thus making further increases in exploitation rates unjustifiable from an ecological point of view. Electronic Publication     

荔湾3-1外输海底管道中落管抛石技术

落管抛石是进行深水抛石的一种工程技术,可作为保证管道稳定性、处理悬跨、抑制隆起屈曲和进行跨越支撑的工程解决方案。系统研究了抛石在波流作用下的稳定性,落石对管道冲击的影响以及施工技术。针对南海环境条件下的抛石稳定理论进行了修正;分析了三层聚丙烯涂层管道在落石冲击下的可接受抛石粒径;提出同时结合石块稳定性结果和管道抗冲击性能要求下的石料分级的方法;最后,对该技术在荔湾3-1外输海底管道的工程应用进行详细阐述。     

晋祠泉断流与地下水资源保护关系

通过对晋祠泉域岩溶地下水水文地质条件的分析,阐述了晋泉形成机理和断流原因,认为晋泉断流是多种因素的综合效应。说明地下水资源保护是一项系统工程,应采取统一的、科学的、多层次的全面管理,才能有效地保护有限的地下水资源,唤醒人们在进行经济建设的同时,要注意保护我们赖以生存的地球环境。     

南黄海夏季海水pCO2研究Ⅱ--下层海水涌升和长江冲淡水对海-气界面CO2通量的贡献

根据2001年7月对南黄海的大面积调查,研究了南黄海夏季pCO2的分布机制,着重讨论下层海水涌升和长江冲淡水对海-气界面CO2通量的贡献,并给出了南黄海海-气界面CO2通量。研究结果表明:夏季南黄海总体上是CO2的1个弱源,大约向大气中释放45.05×104t C。夏季南黄海表层海水pCO2分布表现出了极大的不均性,其汇区主要由长江冲淡水造成,影响区域占汇区吸收CO2的99.9%;而在源区,下层海水涌升虽然面积较小却占源区释放CO2的35.2%。可见陆架边缘海区源/汇格局的地域差异非常之特别。     

辽宁省海城市西荒地地热资源及其医疗价值初探

本文对辽宁省海城市西荒地地热田的区域地质构造、地热水的赋存状况进行了分析,在对地下热水化学组份分析的基础上,探讨了本区地下热水在医疗及医疗旅游方面的价值,以及在此方面开发利用的前景。     

实施贵州省“十二五”规划的矿产资源保障问题及加强地质工作的建议

根据贵州＂十二五＂规划纲要对矿产资源开发利用的需求,本文对贵州重要矿产煤、磷、铝及金的资源及开发现状,结合＂十二五＂对矿产规划目标要求,对贵州矿产资源保障程度及存在的地质问题进行分析,提出实施贵州＂十二五＂规划,加强矿产资源勘查的建议。     

陕西省地下水水质监测发展探析

本文针对陕西省地下水水质监测控制范围局限于农灌区，监测项目单一的现状，通过分析研究，提出水质监测的发展思路，剖析实现新思路的相关条件。