新疆7级强震前的围空特征

讨论了新疆40年代以来所发生的8次7级强震前的围空现象。结果表明,除1974年巴里坤7.1级地震因资料不全外,7级强震前均出现明显的围空现象。研究发现,这种围空一般都经历了三个过程,时间通常为10—20年。最后分析讨论了7级强震前围空的特征以及判别指标。这将为今后确定强震危险区提供依据。     

震兆图象的远程遥联性

通过研究我国一些震情窗口成组震兆与大陆及边邻Ms≥7.0级地震的整体链式活动的对应关系,指出这些窗口的成组震兆具有远程遥联的特点。对这种特点的深入研究将有可能为我国大陆及边邻地区地震活动的总体大形势作出估计。     

汾渭地震带的地震活动性

根据历史强震与现代地震的资料,研究、分析了汾渭地震带强震及中、小地震的时、空、强分布特征,对该带未来地震危险性进行了探讨。     

The experimental research on b value of AE for the rock specimens with pre-existing crack or notch under uniaxial compression

A lot of researches onb value have been made in seismology. Since the 1960’s Mogi, Scholz and others have studied AE of rock specimens in laboratory and discovered that it is related to natural earthquakes. All former researchers used integral specimens to studyb value in the laboratory. However a major earthquake is usually related to a existing seismic-fault in that area. For this reason, a series of fracture experiments with rock and glass specimens having pre-existing crack or notch is performed in order to examine the effect of preexisting crack tob value. The experimental results show that theb value begins to decrease as soon as the initiation of the crack and finally drop to a very low value when the specimen breaks unstably. Based on these, a brief discussion on the possible mechanism ofb value change for natural earthquakes is given. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,9, 393–400, 1987. Projects sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation.     

1991年7月云南施甸5.0,5.2级地震的预报与对策

1991年7月1日、22日在云南省施甸太平乡先后发生了5.0、5.2级两次中强地震。保山行署地震局曾在震前作出了正确的中、短期预报和震后作了无震预报。本文客观地提供了这次地震前后预报的科学依据、中短期自适应加权定量综合判定模式实际计算结果及一系列对策的实况;同时讨论了孕震区内短临阶段前兆变化的异常特征。     

初论地洼学说的进展与前景

笔者在研究有关文献和参加一些学术会议后发现.地洼学说近十余年来进展显著,科研成果累累.被称为当代最有生命力的学科之一,但系统地研究其成长过程尚欠缺.为了促进地球科学的不断发展。总结经验与教训。扩大学科间的交流.本文重点论述了地洼学说产生的历史背景:进展阶段与特点;发展总体趋势;学说的前景和展望等问题.     

The great Minoan eruption of Thera volcano and the ensuing tsunami in the Greek Archipelago

The eastern Mediterranean has been the cradle of many great civilizations. The history of the area consisted of glorious battles, heroic acts, and the rise and fall of great civilizations. But, sometimes, natural hazards became the cause for a new classification of the political, as well as of the military status quo of the region. The enormous eruption of the submarine volcano at the Greek island of Thera (Santorini) during the Bronze Age, around 1500 BC, is such a natural hazard. The tsunami generated by the eruption, literally wiped out the peace-loving Minoan civilization who inhabited the island of Crete. After the sea subsided, the configuration of the area was altered, and the decline of the Minoan principality on the Archipelago began. The present paper introduces evidence concerning the tsunami and states some of the after-effects which were partly responsible for the decline of the Minoan empire. All the information is gathered from historical sources and from recent research works. An effort has been made to include many of the theories introduced by various researchers through time concerning the event. Finally, information has been included from all known research, as well as from the author's own conclusions, in order to make the paper useful to future researchers.     

用地震活动性指数A（b）等资料判断图像以后有无主震及震级大小

用 A(b)指数判断图象以后有无主震,其效果颇好。A(b)指数能将有主震 M_L≥5.0与有主震 M_L≤4.7(或无主震)区别开来。再加地震活动的范围、强度资料的配合,能判断主震的大小。此方法的资料自检准确率陆地达96%,震例检验的准确率也高。这样的判断,对用图象作地震预报有重要的作用。     

山西断陷带地热特征与地震活动性

山西断陷带是我国著名的地震活动带之一,其地震活动频繁,强度大,震源浅,破坏性严重。山西断陷带地热场特征:各断陷盆地内部大地热流值或地温梯度值都比较高,吕梁山隆起区和太岳山丘陵区则比较低。提出清徐、临汾、蒲县、柳林四个地区的地壳、上地幔热结构,分别计算沉积岩层、花岗岩质层和玄武岩质层底部的温度和热流值。采用逐步逼近法计算浮山—临汾—蒲县剖面二维岩石圈地温结构。并用断陷盆地内的临汾、吕梁山隆起区的柳林、太岳山隆起区的沁源地区的大地热流值推导其岩石圈厚度和底部温度。地热异常影响着地震的孕育和发生,重点探讨了地球内热与地震孕育和发生的内在联系。     

首都圈断层活动性研究

本文分析了首都圈47处监测断层活动性的大地形变测点资料,给出了各处断层现今活动情况及速率。研究认为,首都圈现今应力场受华北区域应力场的支配,活动剧烈的断层主要有:沿河城—南口山前断层、八宝山—黄庄—高丽营断层、南口—孙河断层;1987年之后断层活动平均速率上升到0.40mm/年,应力场处于加强过程;应力集中地段在黄庄—高丽营断层北端、沿河城—南口山前断层北端,狼山断层、怀来—涿鹿北缘断层近年活动剧烈,其北端也是应力加强地区;构造运动的活跃与地震活动同步,目前构造运动继续处于活跃状态。上述应力集中地段的地震危险性应予以重视。