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81.
分析了数字城市规划系统的业务需求,介绍了其基础数据更新、工作流、无纸化办公、历史空间信息管理等主要关键技术,并对其进行了讨论。 相似文献
82.
介绍了用于海量数字高程模型数据的管理、应用分析以及可视化的系统GeoDEMDB,采用部件对象模型技术,实现了数据管理、空间分析和大范围三维场景漫游的集成,并提供了灵活的选择性。 相似文献
83.
Daniel G. Gavin W. Wyatt Oswald Eugene R. Wahl John W. Williams 《Quaternary Research》2003,60(3):356-367
The modern analog technique typically uses a distance metric to determine the dissimilarity between fossil and modern biological assemblages. Despite this quantitative approach, interpretation of distance metrics is usually qualitative and rules for selection of analogs tend to be ad hoc. We present a statistical tool, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which provides a framework for identifying analogs from distance metrics. If modern assemblages are placed into groups (e.g., biomes), this method can (1) evaluate the ability of different distance metrics to distinguish among groups, (2) objectively identify thresholds of the distance metric for determining analogs, and (3) compute a likelihood ratio and a Bayesian probability that a modern group is an analog for an unknown (fossil) assemblage. Applied to a set of 1689 modern pollen assemblages from eastern North America classified into eight biomes, ROC analysis confirmed that the squared-chord distance (SCD) outperforms most other distance metrics. The optimal threshold increased when more dissimilar biomes were compared. The probability of an analog vs no-analog result (a likelihood ratio) increased sharply when SCD decreased below the optimal threshold, indicating a nonlinear relationship between SCD and the probability of analog. Probabilities of analog computed for a postglacial pollen record at Tannersville Bog (Pennsylvania, USA) identified transitions between biomes and periods of no analog. 相似文献
84.
JiangWenping XiDaping 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(4):374-380
With the development of computer graphics, the three-dimensional (3D) visualization brings new technological revolution to the traditional cartography. Therefore, the topographic 3D-map emerges to adapt to this technological revolution, and the applications of topographic 3D-map are spread rapidly to other relevant fields due to its incomparable advantage. The researches on digital map and the construction of map database offer strong technical support and abundant data source for this new technology, so the research and development of topographic 3D-map will receive greater concern. The basic data of the topographic 3D-map are rooted mainly in digital map and its basic model is derived from digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D-models of other DEM-based geographic features. In view of the potential enormous data and the complexity of geographic features, the dynamic representation of geographic information becomes the focus of the research of topographic 3D-map and also the prerequisite condition of 3D query and analysis. In addition to the equipment of hardware that are restraining, to a certain extent, the 3D representation, the data organization structure of geographic information will be the core problem of research on 3D-map. Level of detail (LOD). space partitioning, dynamic object loading (DOL) and object culling are core technologies of the dynamic 3D representation. The objectselection, attribute-query and model-editing are important functions and interaction tools for users with 3D-maps provided by topographic 3D-map system, all of which are based on the data structure of the 3D-model. This paper discusses the basic theories, concepts and cardinal principles of topographic 3I)-map,expounds the basic way to organize the scene hierarchy of topographic 3D-map based on the node mechanism and studies the dynamic representation technologies of topographic 3D-map based on LOD, space partitioning, DOL and object culling. Moreover. such interactive operation functions are explored, in this paper, as spatial query, scene editing and management of topographic 3D-map. Finally, this paper describes briefly the applications of topographic 3D-map in its related fields. 相似文献
85.
Geoid determination using adapted reference field, seismic Moho depths and variable density contrast 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The traditional remove-restore technique for geoid computation suffers from two main drawbacks. The first is the assumption
of an isostatic hypothesis to compute the compensation masses. The second is the double consideration of the effect of the
topographic–isostatic masses within the data window through removing the reference field and the terrain reduction process.
To overcome the first disadvantage, the seismic Moho depths, representing, more or less, the actual compensating masses, have
been used with variable density anomalies computed by employing the topographic–isostatic mass balance principle. In order
to avoid the double consideration of the effect of the topographic–isostatic masses within the data window, the effect of
these masses for the used fixed data window, in terms of potential coefficients, has been subtracted from the reference field,
yielding an adapted reference field. This adapted reference field has been used for the remove–restore technique. The necessary
harmonic analysis of the topographic–isostatic potential using seismic Moho depths with variable density anomalies is given.
A wide comparison among geoids computed by the adapted reference field with both the Airy–Heiskanen isostatic model and seismic
Moho depths with variable density anomaly and a geoid computed by the traditional remove–restore technique is made. The results
show that using seismic Moho depths with variable density anomaly along with the adapted reference field gives the best relative
geoid accuracy compared to the GPS/levelling geoid.
Received: 3 October 2001 / Accepted: 20 September 2002
Correspondence to: H.A. Abd-Elmotaal 相似文献
86.
实验速度场测量技术及对流边界层特征研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在对流槽中对对流边界层(CBL)温度场实验研究的基础上,进一步尝试通过实验技术测量速度场并分析研究CBL中的速度场特征。在应用PIV测量技术时选用铝粉作示踪粒子。实验证明了在混合层中速度分布明显具有对流边界层热泡特性;混合层顶部的速度分布很好地反应出夹卷层的结构特征;湍流速度特征量的垂直分布合理,与野外实测结果和类似的对流槽实验结果接近;误差分析表明示踪粒子的跟随性良好,粒子速度的测量结果能真实地反应流体的运动特征,从而得证了分析结果的可靠性。 相似文献
87.
88.
地震前兆观测仪器标定问题的探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
标定工作,在地震前兆观测仪器的研究,使用及所得数据的处理中均已成为一个不可少的环节,但缺少有关标定问题的基石性研究和讨论。本文就标定的定义、种类、目的、要求、存在的问题等做一粗线的讨论,以期今后加强这一工作的深入研究。 相似文献
89.
90.
地球化学样品中硒的循序提取技术 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
研究开发了一种硒的循序偏提取步骤,将地球化学样品中的硒选择性地循序提取到六个“操作上”定义的相态中:水溶性硒(水提取);吸附在氧化矿物和粘土矿物上配位可交换的亚硒酸根离子(0.1mol/LKH2PO4提取);与有机质结合的硒(0.1mol/LNa4P2O7提取);与铁锰铝氧化物和碳酸盐结合的硒(4.0mol/LHCl提取);硫化物中的硒(KClO3+浓HCl提取);硅酸盐残渣中以副矿物和被硅质包裹的硒微粒存在的硒(HF+HNO3+HClO4强混合酸溶解)。对提取步骤的可行性和实用性作了详细的讨论。 相似文献