页岩气储层孔隙系统表征方法研究进展

页岩气是以游离、吸附和溶解状态赋存于暗色泥页岩中的天然气,页岩的孔隙特征是决定页岩储层含气性的关键因 素。页岩孔隙结构复杂,一般以纳米孔隙占优势,用常规储层孔隙的表征方法难以解释美国的高产页岩气系统。因此,页 岩纳米孔隙的表征成为制约页岩气资源评价的关键因素。在综述目前国际上对页岩气储层孔隙表征方法的基础上,对比分 析其各自的适用范围和应用前景。页岩储层孔隙的主要表征方法有3种:(1)以微区分析为主的图像分析技术;(2)以压 汞法和气体等温吸附为主的流体注入技术;(3)以核磁共振、中子小角散射 计算机断层成像技术为代表的非流体注入技术。 图像分析能够直观、方便、快捷地获取孔隙形态等方面的特征;流体注入法在表征微孔隙的孔径分布、比表面积等方面具 有独到优势;非流体注入技术由于其原位、无损分析及粒子高穿透力的特点,使研究多种地质条件下的孔隙特性成为可能。 在目前的技术条件下,应明确各种表征技术的优势与限制,根据实际情况合理建立孔隙研究流程,综合利用多种技术手段 能在不同的尺度下有效表征页岩气储层孔隙。     

Characterization of some bacterial strains isolated from the Egyptian eastern and northern coastlines with antimicrobial activity of Bacillus zhangzhouensis OMER4

Marine microorganisms were considered to be important sources of marine bioactive compounds. The major objective of the study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the various marine environment of Egypt. In this respect, thirty-five bacterial isolates were recovered from sediment samples collected from different spots along the Egyptian Red Sea coastline and Alexandria coastline during the summer season of 2017 and 2018. According to the morphological, phys...     

红外生命探测仪的研制及试验

论述了地震现场救灾被动红外生命探测的原理,详述了ＨＳＹ－ １ 型红外生命探测仪的设计和实验结果。该仪器探测距离大于１５ ｍ ,探测视场超过３５°,功耗小于１２ Ｖ５０ ｍＡＤＣ。     

磁倾子矢量的图示分析及其应用研究

对磁倾子矢量的图示方式进行了研究。根据平面上矢量与复数之间的关系 ,在原有Schmuck er感应矢量定义的基础上 ,提出了虚感应矢量及其他图示矢量的新定义 ,并对其旋转特性进行了分析 ;根据感应矢量的旋转不变特性以及其在二维情况下的特点定义了倾子二维近似度 ,该参数可作为定性判别某点电性结构二维性的一种衡量标准。利用二维和三维模型对新提出的倾子图示方式进行了计算 ,并将其应用于海原大震区的实际资料的处理和解释当中 ,主要讨论了感应矢量尤其是虚感应矢量的响应特征。理论计算和实际应用结果表明本文所定义的感应矢量和倾子二维偏离度有着较为明确的物理意义 ,对于MT资料处理和解释有一定的指导作用     

Cloning, expression and characterization of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-like gene subunit (LCB2) from marine Emiliania huxleyi virus (Coccolithovirus)

The authors have isolated and characterized a novel serine palmitoyltransferase(SPT)-like gene in marine Emiliania huxleyi virus(EhV-99B1).The open-reading frame(ORF) of EhV99B1-SPT encoded a protein of 496 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 96 kDa and Ip 6.01.The results of sequence analysis showed that there was about 31%-45% identity in amino acid sequence with other organisms.The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree suggested that the EhV99B1-SPT gene possibly horizontally transferred from the eukaryote.Hydrophobic profiles of deduced amino acid sequences suggested a hydrophobic,globular and membrane-associated protein with five transmembrane domains(TMDs) motifs.Several potential N-linked glycosylation sites were presented in SPT.These results suggested that EhV99B1-SPT was an integral endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein.Despite lower sequence identity,the secondary and three-dimensional structures predicted showed that the "pocket" structure element composed of 2α-helices and 4βsheets was the catalytic center of this enzyme,with a typical conserved "TFTKSFG" active site in the N-terminal region and was very close to those of prokaryotic organisms.However,the N-terminal domain of EhV99B1-SPT most closely resembled the LCB2 catalysis subunit and the C-terminal domain most closely resembled the LCB1 regulatory subunit of other organisms which together formed a spherical molecule.This "chimera" was highly similar to the prokaryotic homologous SPT.For a functional identification,the EhV99B1-LCB2 subunit gene was expressed in Escherichia coli,which resulted in significant accumulation of new sphingolipid in E.coli cells.     

基于几何聚类指纹库的约束KNN室内定位模型

针对室内环境基于RSSI定位不稳定问题,提出了以几何信息改进基于指纹库的KNN定位算法。根据室内几何布局建立了聚类指纹库,提出了表征点位几何特性的点散发性强度(geometric strength of sporad-ic, GSS)概念。利用最邻近样本点的GSS判别移动终端所在参考点RP控制网结构以动态选择KNN关键参数K,构建最佳多边形为约束准则自适应选取后K- 1个邻近点,建立了基于几何聚类指纹库的约束加权KNN室内定位模型。结果表明,改进后定位模型可以更好地估计终端位置信息,其中几何聚类指纹库是改善定位准确性的关键,约束KNN能够有效地提高室内定位精度。     

Bench–shelf system dynamic characteristics and their effects on equipment and contents

Economic losses during past earthquakes are strongly associated with damage and failure to nonstructural equipment and contents. Among the vast types of nonstructural elements, one important category, is scientific equipment in biological or chemical laboratories. These equipment are often mounted on heavy ceramic bench‐tops of bench–shelf systems, which in turn may amplify the dynamic motions imposed. To investigate the seismic response of these types of systems, a series of shake table and field experiments were conducted considering different representative bench and shelf‐mounted equipment and contents. Results from shake table experiments indicate that these equipment are generally sliding‐dominated. In addition, the bench–shelf system is observed to be very stiff and when lightly loaded, has a fundamental frequency between 10 and 16 Hz. An approximate 50% reduction in the first and second fundamental frequencies is observed considering practical loading conditions. Insight into a broader range of system response is provided by conducting eigenvalue and time history analyses. Non‐linear regression through the numerical data indicate acceleration amplification ratios Ω range from 2.6 to 1.4 and from 4.3 to 1.6, for fixed–fixed and pinned–pinned conditions, respectively. Both the experimental and numerical results support the importance of determining the potential dynamic amplification of motion in the context of accurately determining the maximum sliding displacement of support equipment and contents. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

滇池微囊藻水华多糖的提取和化学特征

为了研究"水华"微囊藻多糖及其对水体化学和生态特性的影响,以去离子水、pH5的缓冲液和pH9.2的缓冲液为提取液,分别在4℃和80℃条件下从滇池"水华"微囊藻中提取多糖,并对其所提多糖部分化学特征进行分析.结果表明pH9.2的缓冲液所提多糖总得率最高,为2.25%;pH5的磷酸盐缓冲液所提多糖总得率最低,为0.383%.溶解性分析表明,不同提取液所提多糖在所试验的几种溶剂中表现为不溶、分散或部分溶解,未能找到将多糖完全溶解的溶剂.气相色谱和气-质联用分析表明,不同提取液所提多糖都含有中性单糖鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和一个未知糖.硫酸-咔唑法分析显示不同提取液所提多糖含有糖醛酸.电感耦合等离子光谱显示去离子水4℃条件下所提多糖含有很高的金属元素钙和镁,分别为2.15%和0.4%.初步研究显示,"水华"微囊藻多糖为酸性杂多糖,低溶解性显示在自然水体中它易形成多糖颗粒,有较高含量的金属元素说明它会影响到这些金属元素在滇池中的溶解、沉积、生物利用和循环,特别是钙和镁.     

DEM起伏纹理的视觉认知内涵与多变量消隐方法

地形是在内外营力的共同作用之下综合形成的,不同类型的地形具有不同的起伏形态特征,从全局或宏观的观测视角,可以视觉感知到这种地形起伏及其特征规律。纹理是众多物体表面呈现的有规律的线条组合,DEM作为地形的数据表达,不同地形类型区域的起伏形态具有纹理的显著表征。目前,对于DEM纹理研究主要是从DEM影像认知的角度出发,利用图像纹理的计算方法进行地形纹理对象描述和指标的提取,并基于获取的纹理对象进行区域地形特征分析和地貌类型的分类,在视觉上的反映存在不足。DEM起伏纹理作为一种基于某种观测视角和尺度的地形要素组合对象,首先需要对其进行系统的视觉认知,明确基于视觉认知的DEM起伏纹理构成要素和不同视觉变量控制的纹理要素组合结构,通过实现DEM起伏纹理的多维可视化建模,达到DEM数字地形建模的抽象与简化。基于此,本文以DEM地形起伏纹理为研究对象,对DEM起伏纹理进行视觉认知,明确DEM起伏纹理的涵义并建立提取方法,使用建立的方法实现了DEM起伏纹理的提取,取得了较好的提取效果。从视觉感知的机制出发,确定了决定视觉感知结果的视觉变量组合。确定了包含景深、长度和邻域等用于视觉综合的参数,设计建立了多变量的DEM起伏纹理消隐方法。最后设置视觉变量并使用该方法实现了DEM起伏纹理的消隐,消隐后DEM起伏纹理的数量分别降低了45.2%和53.2%,视觉上也取得了较理想的结果,具有一定的应用价值。