Heave compensation system of lifting pipeline for deep-sea mining based on combined action of vibration absorber and accumulator

ABSTRACT

A heave compensation system combined with a vibration absorber and accumulator is proposed, with regard to the requirement for poly-metallic nodule mining systems at an ocean depth of 6,000?m in China. The principle of the compensation system was analyzed, its main parameters were designed, and its mathematical model was established. The system performance was simulated and analyzed in MATLAB, and the frequency domain characteristics and compensation rate of the system with different volume accumulators, and with or without vibration absorbers, were compared. A simulation test of the compensation system was conducted. The proposed compensation system had a better compensation effect for a random wave interference under level-6 sea conditions, and the compensation rate being more than 72% with optimal system parameters.     

海洋立管试验支座设计及其对涡激振动影响研究

针对大长细比顶张力立管内外流共同作用时涡激振动的试验研究,考虑端部铰接和固接两种边界条件,设计了可施加张力和内流的铰接支座和固接支座,并对两种支座进行数值模拟及受力分析,最后用于深水立管的涡激振动试验。立管模型材料采用6.2 m长铜管,外径20 mm,壁厚1.5 mm,分别支撑在铰接支座和固接支座上,施加不同的顶部张力、外流流速和内流流速。通过在立管表面粘贴光纤光栅应变计获得动态应变数据,分别从动态响应幅值、频率等方面对不同边界条件立管的试验数据进行对比分析,得出在顶张力、内流速相同的情况下,外流速相等时两端铰接立管的振动幅值大于两端固接立管,随着外流速的增加,两端铰接立管比两端固接立管率先发生锁振现象。     

抑制涡激振动的螺旋列板设计参数研究

基于水池模型实验结果和工程设计经验,结合国内外试验数据,着重分析用于抑制海洋立管涡激振动的螺旋列板几何参数(鳍高和螺距)及覆盖率对立管涡激振动的影响;并对水动力直径和水动力系数的选取对预报涡激振动的影响进行了分析,进而提出了适合于海洋立管工程应用的螺旋列板几何和设计参数选取的建议,为螺旋列板工程应用、海洋立管强度和疲劳设计提供参考。     

漂浮体系悬索桥拟静态纵向运动特性及其控制

营运状况下漂浮体系悬索桥加劲梁纵向运动产生的过大累积行程会引起伸缩缝和塔梁纵向阻尼器等连接构件的性能退化和疲劳损坏.探索加劲梁纵向运动过大累积行程的成因,并找出降低累积行程的控制措施是确保悬索桥健康运营的关键.首先,以江阴长江大桥实测位移时程数据为基础,对不同频谱特性的位移成分进行分解,并统计了不同位移成分的循环次数和...     

钢结构房屋动力特性脉动法测试研究

对上海地区的10幢钢结构建筑进行脉动法测试并采集数据,得到广义钢结构房屋的动力特性。选取其中1栋典型建筑通过多次测试和数值模拟分别验证测试的稳定性和准确性。通过分析处理测试数据建立钢结构建筑一阶周期与结构层数或高度的线性关系式,并归纳总结了等效阻尼比的测试结果,为验证结构动力特性理论计算结果、钢结构建筑减震隔震设计以及鉴定、加固改造、损伤识别提供依据。     

分布式光纤振动传感系统中数据采集及信号处理系统设计

本文主要介绍了一套分布式光纤振动传感系统中的数据采集及信号处理系统,该系统设计采用高性能的运算放大电路完成光电信号调理,以高精度差动模数转换器AD9246完成模数转换工作,并选用高性能FPGA作为核心逻辑控制器,并以低功耗的OMAP-L137作为CPU负责振动数据计算、网络通讯等工作,从而使该-OTDR分布式光纤振动传感系统测量范围扩展到25 km范围。本文通过计算相邻测点振动增量方法检测是否发生了振动入侵,提高了分布式光纤振动入侵检测的灵敏度。该设计方法提高分布式光纤振动传感系统的信噪比,使得该系统振动检测灵敏度提高、抗干扰能力增强,因此该分布式光纤振动传感系统可以用于实际工程的振动监控。     

利用P波初动测定地震计水平分向的定向偏差

基于P波质点振动方式和初动方向,设计一种测定地震计水平分向定向偏差的方法。通过旋转两水平分向波形获取P波优势能量方向,将旋转角度与地震方位角进行比较,得到地震计水平分向偏离正北方向的位置。再以地震计垂直向初动和已知震中确定台站初始速度的方向（即向源或离源方向）,依此初始速度方向在地震计坐标系中的位置,与水平分向实际记录初动符号所代表的方向进行确认,即可认定地震计水平分向的极性,进而确定地震计水平分向任一极性偏离的角度。     

基于损伤部位向量法的钢框架损伤识别研究

对损伤部位向量(DLV)法作了简单介绍,并用该方法对钢框架进行了损伤识别和损伤定位。该方法假定结构损伤前后为线性,对结构损伤前后柔度矩阵差进行奇异值分解,将奇异值为零所对应的向量,作为静荷载施加在无损结构的测点位置,则应力为零的单元为可能损伤的单元。对3种不同工况的钢框架进行了振动模态试验,用前3阶模态参数构造框架的柔度矩阵,按照DLV法对其进行了损伤识别,识别结果与已知损伤情况相一致。从测试自由度不完备、噪声和振型质量归一化系数这3个方面对识别效果进行了分析,结果表明:当损伤使结构动力特性有微小改变时,使用该方法不易定位损伤,应结合局部损伤识别方法进行判定;当损伤使结构动力特性有较大改变时,该方法能有效识别损伤的单元。DLV方法概念简单,理论明确,不受结构类型的限制,不需要结构的数学模型和模型缩聚或扩展技术,只需获得结构损伤前后的前几个低阶模态参数,即可识别结构一处或多处损伤,实际应用时可操作性强。     

Dynamic performance analysis of a seismically isolated bridge under braking force

In order to study the dynamic performance of seismically isolated bridges under the most unfavorable loads in the longitudinal direction,a dynamic equation for vehicle braking in the longitudinal direction is established.A four or fiveorder Runge-Kutta method is adopted to obtain the time-history response of a wheel set under braking force.The quadratic discretization method is then used to transform this time-history into a braking and bending force time-history of a structural fixed node,and a dynamic response analysis of the seismically isolated bridge under the vehicle’s braking force is carried out using ANSYS,a universal finite element analysis software.According to the results,seismic isolation design results in a more rational distribution of braking force among piers;the influence of the initial braking velocity on the vehicle braking force is negligible;the location where the first wheel set leaves the bridge is the most unfavorable parking location;a seismic isolation bridge bearing constructed according to typical design methods enters into a yield stage under the braking force, while the shearing force at the bottom of the pier declines as the isolation period is extended;the design requirements can be met when the yield displacement of the seismic isolation bearing is less than 5 mm and the yield strength is greater than the braking force.