保压取样钻具内岩心温压采集器的研制与应用

在绳索取心钻探过程中,井底温度与压力的实时测量,有助于改进取心工艺,提高岩心采取率;同时岩心在井底的原位测量数据对于了解岩心的物理特性有着重要意义,这一点在海域天然气水合物勘探中尤为明显。本文主要介绍了一种内置于保压取样钻具中的温压采集器的结构及其工作原理。该采集器采用干电池供电,单次工作时间>72 h,能够采集与存储整个取样过程中岩心管内的温度与压力参数,与电脑端连接后就能得到全部数据。通过搭载海洋地质十号钻探船,该采集器完成了一个回次的海试试验,得到了整个绳索取心钻进过程的温度与压力数据。经过分析,收集到的数据与实际取心工艺过程相符,数据平稳可靠。     

可浮动自锁式深海气密采水器的研制

深海海水中气体的含量可以在一定程度上标识深海资源蕴藏量,因而实现对深海海水的气密采样意义重大.为此设计了一种可浮动的自锁装置,并采用压力自适应平衡原理,实现了对深海海水的气密采样.实验室和海上试验结果均表明深海气密采水器在装上可浮动自锁装置后耐压能力和气密性都得到了有效的提高,对初始压强为1.208 MPa的N2气保压2 h,压力损失不到1.2%,并成功地实现了对960 m深的海水样品的气密采样.此样品中CH4浓度为5.44 nmol/dm^3,CO2浓度为140.6nmol/dm^3.该可浮动自锁式深海气密采水器的研制为深海资源勘探分析提供了必要的技术支持.     

A GEOGRAPHY OF THE VENTURE CAPITAL INDUSTRY IN THE U. S.*

The venture capital industry in the U.S. has important implications for the growth of “high tech”industries and the viability of the small firm sector. Venture capital is provided largely through independent firms, quasi-public Small Business Investment Corporations (SBICs) and corporate subsidiaries. The regional distribution of VC firms has changed over time but New York, Massachusetts, and California account for one-half of the current firms. An analysis of regional flows of VC investment reveals that California, Massachusetts and Texas were the leading recipient states while the Plains region receives the least amount of capital. Given the concentrations of VC activity, a regional mismatch in the supply of and demand for such funds may exist. The investment needs of small firms, the employment impacts of the VC industry, and the matching of VC supply and demand are seen as useful research directions.     

中外合资风险勘查操作中的几个问题

作者通过举办承德华佳矿业有限公司的经历,详细地论述了中外合资（合作）风险勘查固体矿产资源,尤其是金矿勘查方面的具体问题。探讨了中外合资（合作）风险勘查矿产资源的有关法律规定和我国当前合资（合作）勘查矿产资源所采用的几种模式,合资（合作）的阶段性,股权比例的变化特征以及举办中外合资（合作）勘查企业的申办过程。     

Gaseous formic and acetic acids in the atmosphere of Yokohama,Japan

Gaseous formic acid (HCOOH_g) and acetic acid (CH₃COOH_g) were measured every 30 minutes during a 10 hour daylight period in August, and a 24 hour period in October, 1990 in the urban atmosphere of Yokohama, Japan. An aqueous nebulizer sampler and ion-chromatography exclusion (ICE) were used for the measurements. In the August experiment (0800–1800 local time) the mean HCOOH_g concentration was found to be 7.3±2.5 ppbv. The mean CH₃COOH_g concentration was 3.8±1.2 ppbv. In the 24 hour experiment in October, concentrations of both acids were lower between 0800–1800 than during the same time-period in August (mean HCOOH_g=4.4±2.7 ppbv, mean CH₃COOH_g=1.4±0.5 ppbv). In October, concentrations of both acids were higher in daylight hours than at night; sporadic high HCOOH_g concentrations were observed. In both experiments the ratio HCOOH_g/CH₃COOH_g of individual samples was usually 2.0 (mean ratio of 2.0 in August, 3.1 in October).     

新型钻孔煤心采取器

煤心采取质量是影响煤田地质勘探成果质量的重要因素,本文介绍一种深孔(500~1000m)煤心采取器,其煤心采取率达到90%以上,且能保证煤心样品的代表性。      

SQY-1型水文水井定深取样器的研制与应用

介绍了SQY-1型水文水井定深取样器的性能特点及适用性,阐述了其工作原理和使用方法。该定深取样器的成功应用,有效地解决了在复合含水层且水质变化较大的井孔采集水样难题,准确反映了不同地层埋深的含水层水质的真实情况,为水文地质调查工作特别是对不同含水层水质的判别提供了一种新的取样工具。     

Stranded redds of quinnat salmon in the Mathias River,South Island,New Zealand

In May and June 1974 seven naturally made, stranded redds of quinnat salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytsha (Walbaum) were excavated. Ova numbers per redd varied from 2295 to 6510 and per egg pocket from 99 to 1608. Egg pocket depths varied from 18 cm to 43 cm. The ova were found to be healthy.     

处理高杠杆异常值的抗隐差型Bayes方法

给出了一种剔除初始子集中高杠杆异常值的方法。首先根据高杠杆异常值在总观测值集中所占的比例选出若干组观测值,使得至少有一组不含高杠杆异常值的概率很高;然后根据残差最小准则从中选出不含高杠杆异常值的那组作为初始子集;最后用这种初始子集确定方法结合Gibbs抽样给出了相应的Bayes多粗差定位算法。     

干冰升华式孔底冷冻取样器冷源保冷方法的试验研究

针对已研制的天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样器,为进一步提高取样器干冰冷源的保冷效果,提出干冰冷源双层保冷方法。通过试验研究,证明干冰冷源双层保冷方法可大幅度提高干冰在井内的保存时间,可以将此方法应用于取样器的设计。