应用地下水匀坡与加坡原理计算渗透系数

应用匀坡及加坡原理,推导出了单井（孔）稳定流承压完整井渗透系数的计算公式,该公式已考虑到无效降深对渗透系数计算的影响,同时在计算过程中充分利用了水位恢复资料,而水位恢复的过程也排除了一些干扰因素的影响,因此,参数计算结果应更接近实际。     

地震作用下参数不确定系统的变结构控制

本文对结构参数具有有确定性的变结构控制系统设计方法进行了研究。首先采用摄动方法给出了结构参数具有确定性的控制系统的运动方程,证明了基于层间剪切模型的参数不确定受控系统与其标称系统具有相同的滑动模态,从而解决了系统切换函数的确定问题,并利用到达条件推导了控制律的表示式。算例分析结果表明,本文的控制方法能有效地减小结构的地震响应,对于结构系统建模存在误差或系统本身存在学确定性的情况,控制效果仍十分显著     

润扬大桥北锚碇岩石流变特性的试验研究

为了解润扬长江大桥北锚基础岩石的流变力学特性,针对北锚基础区域的岩样,通过模拟其受力的实际情况,采用岩石双轴流变试验机进行了单轴压缩蠕变试验,并选用广义的Kelvin模型进行了参数拟合分析,掌握了岩石蠕变的基本规律,并获得了粘滞系数等相关的流变力学参数。     

湿雪的密实化与颗粒粗化过程研究

研究了处于自然状态下的湿雪的密实化和颗粒粗化过程.在野外观测的基础上,通过应用粘滞流体模型,发现与干雪相反,当湿雪的含水率达到一定程度(重量含水率约5%)后,粘滞度随密度增加而降低.通过粒径量测与颗粒大小分布统计发现,与含水饱和的雪相同,在湿雪演变过程中,不同时刻的雪粒粒径积累频率分布曲线形状基本相同,且与含水饱和雪的基本一致,说明含水不饱和的雪与含水饱和的雪在颗粒粗化过程中具有相同的粒径分布及其演进特征.分析还显示,含水不饱和雪的颗粒粗化速率比含水饱和雪的小得多.     

刚性承台下变截面柔性桩与地基相互作用的线性分析

对桩侧土及桩端土均采用线性荷载传递函数,同时,考虑桩周土所分担的荷载对单桩荷载传递规律的影响,利用力学理论及微分方程的近似解法-子域法,推出了刚性承台下变截面柔性单桩与地基相互作用的系列近似解析算式,并通过算例,将承台下变截面柔性桩的情况与同体积的等截面柔性桩的情况进行了对比。对比表明：改变桩型能提高柔性单桩及单桩承台的承载力。将模型试验结果与计算结果进行了比较,验证了解析算式的可行性。     

断裂尺度的分形分布与其损伤演化的关系

借助于分形几何学和损伤力学的方法,重新考察和分析计算了有关的岩石断裂实验所提供的实验数据。分析计算结果表明:岩石断裂的损伤演化过程具有良好的统计自相似性,断裂尺度分布的分形维数能够很好地刻画岩石的损伤程度,并且在岩石断裂的损伤演化过程中,断裂尺度分布的分形维数(D_L)随外载荷(σ)呈线性增大。对断裂尺度分布的分形维数而言,损伤演化过程是一个增维过程。根据计算结果给出了分形维数(D_L)与损伤变量(ω)之间的经验关系。      

Solving wolf’s uvbyRI light curves for the star BM Ori

We solve the uvbyRI light curves obtained by Wolf (1994) with a CCD photometer. Wolf did not solve the light curves, while particular interest in them stems from the fact that a secondary minimum, which other observers failed to detect, is clearly seen in the byRI light curves. This enables us to consider a new eclipse model in which we hypothesize that the secondary component at primary minimum completely obscures the primary, smaller B star, but, at the same time, the light from a third star is observed. Based on this hypothesis, we computed the brightness of each of the three stars for the six bands by analyzing the depths of the primary and secondary minima. Satisfactory agreement between theoretical and observed light curves was achieved by assuming the following parameters for the stars: effective temperature T ₁=17000 K, radius R ₁ = 2.5 R _⊙, spectral type Sp₁ = B3—B4 for the primary; T ₂=5700 K, R ₂ = 8.4 R _⊙, Sp₂ = G0—G2 for the secondary; and T ₃=29000 K, R ₃ = 1.0 R _⊙, Sp₃=B0 for the third star. In the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, the first star lies on the zero-age main sequence, the second is on the way from the birthline to the main sequence in the region of giants, and the third falls within the region of hot subdwarfs.     

Linear polarization of precataclysmic variables

The optical linear polarization of three precataclysmic variables was measured in B and R. A noticeable polarization was detected only in BD +50°2869. In the other two cases, the polarization is probably interstellar in origin.     

A reappraisal of postglacial decay times from Richmond Gulf and James Bay, Canada

Decay times inferred from relative sea‐level (RSL) histories of previously glaciated regions provide a potentially important constraint on mantle rheology. We present a new compilation of RSL data from Richmond Gulf and James Bay, Canada. This recompilation reveals errors in previous compilations that led to inaccurate estimates for the Richmond Gulf decay time in a series of recently published articles. We derive updated estimates for the decay time at Richmond Gulf and James Bay using a methodology that incorporates errors in both the age and the height of the sea‐level markers. This exercise is guided by a series of synthetic RSL calculations that show that decay time estimates in the region can be significantly biased if the RSL time‐series are not corrected for global eustatic sea‐level trends, or if the estimates are based on composite RSL histories derived by combining data from both the Richmond Gulf and the James Bay regions. Our decay time analysis for Richmond Gulf applies the pioneering approach of Walcott (1980) to a large database and we derive a value of 4.0–6.6 kyr, where the range is defined by a misfit tolerance 10 per cent higher than the minimum. Our analysis for James Bay is based on the uplift curve derived by Hardy (1976) , and we estimate a decay time of about 2.0–2.8 kyr. The difference between our estimates for Richmond Gulf and James Bay may be due to errors in the observational record from these regions, but could also be influenced by lateral variations in lithospheric structure associated with the assembly of Laurentia.