利用蒙特卡罗方法的剩余静校正及其应用

针对剩余静校正问题,讨论了统计方法中的蒙特卡罗法用于反射波能量最大化剩余静校正的方法。分别论述了反射波叠加能量最大化法和蒙特卡罗方法,以及蒙特卡罗方法如何应用于剩余静校正的计算中,并用实例说明了该方法的效果。通过实际应用蒙特卡罗剩余静校正方法,解决了经野外静校正后残留的剩余静校正问题,并通过与其他剩余静校正方法的实际应用对比,说明了蒙特卡罗剩余静校正方法的优势。对于大剩余量的静校正问题,蒙特卡罗剩余静校正方法仍然可以很好的解决,并且不会产生串相位问题,说明蒙特卡罗剩余静校正方法是可靠的。     

基于BP神经网络的地磁变化场预测研究

以现有地磁台站的长期海量观测数据为基础,忽略地磁场成因及众多影响因素的复杂作用机理,对地磁变化场的时空关联性进行分析,挖掘数据中蕴含的规律信息,进一步构建基于BP神经网络的地磁变化场预测模型。通过实际地磁台站的观测数据对模型预测结果进行验证,结果表明,对于任意选取的100组验证数据,均方根误差为4.8 nT,求解精度能够满足一般科学研究对地磁变化场的精度需求。     

基于非因果滤波器的多次波匹配相减方法(英文)

在常规多道匹配滤波方法中的滤波器是物理可实现的因果滤波器,只能实现地震信号序列延迟的滤波。本文提出了最小二乘意义下的非因果多道输入多道输出维纳滤波方法,通过比较多道匹配相减中因果和非因果滤波方法之间的差别,验证了方法的有效性,解决了模型数据滞后于实际数据的情况。而且,通过定义长度随偏移距和层速度变化的滑动时窗,解决了匹配时窗内同相轴数量随偏移距增大而增加的问题。并将上述方法应用到改进的扩展多道匹配相减去除多次波的方法中,利用Pluto1.5理论模拟数据,对非因果滤波器和变长度时窗的匹配相减方法进行测试,取得了很好的去除多次波后的地震数据。     

大陆造山带岩石圈拆沉过程的数值模拟

岩石圈拆沉作用是指部分岩石圈由于重力不稳定性而沉入软流圈中的过程,与造山带的演化密切相关.本文基于非牛顿流体近似的有效黏度模型对岩石圈拆沉的过程进行了数值模拟,着重分析了岩石圈的黏度结构对拆沉作用的影响.数值模拟显示,下地壳控制着地壳与岩石圈地幔的耦合程度,对拆沉作用的过程和形态有很大的影响;在一定的初始重力不稳定性条...     

Theory and experimental study for sliding isolators with variable curvature

Because a conventional isolation system with constant isolation frequency is usually a long‐period dynamic system, its seismic response is likely to be amplified in earthquakes with strong long‐period wave components, such as near‐fault ground motions. Seismic isolators with variable mechanical properties may provide a promising solution to alleviate this problem. To this end, in this work sliding isolators with variable curvature (SIVC) were studied experimentally. An SIVC isolator is similar to a friction pendulum system (FPS) isolator, except that its sliding surface has variable curvature rather being spherical. As a result, the SIVC's isolation stiffness that is proportional to the curvature becomes a function of the isolator displacement. By appropriately designing the geometry of the sliding surface, the SIVC is able to possess favorable hysteretic behavior. In order to prove the applicability of the SIVC concept, several prototype SIVC isolators, whose sliding surfaces are defined by a sixth‐order polynomial function, were fabricated and tested in this study. A cyclic element test on the prototype SIVC isolators and a shaking table test on an SIVC isolated steel frame were all conducted. The results of both tests have verified that the prototype SIVC isolators do indeed have the hysteretic property of variable stiffness as prescribed by the derived formulas in this study. Moreover, it is also demonstrated that the proposed SIVC is able to effectively reduce the isolator drift in a near‐fault earthquake with strong long‐period components, as compared with that of an FPS system with the same friction coefficient. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于数据机制的DBM模型及其应用

将DBM(Data Based Mechanistic)模型应用到辽东森林小流域——大湖沟,分别以其2006年6月和2007年7月数据构建研究区丰水期和枯水期的DBM模型,拟合效率系数分别为0.952 8和0.837 8,模型拟合效果在验证期的不同时段表现出明显的差异性。对丰水期模型参数用固定时间间隔法(FIS)进行时变性分析,发现参数b的取值随时间产生变化。对枯水期的二阶DBM模型进行快、慢流分解,得出了连续时间当量的快、慢流的平均滞后时间分别为5.3h和243.3h。     

三轴压缩条件下基于CT实时监测的冻结兰州黄土细观损伤变化研究

在IMPa围压下,对不同温度条件下的冻结兰州黄土三轴压缩试验过程进行CT动态扫描,获得了由CT数表示的土体损伤量表达式．结果表明：冻结兰州黄土最初在围压作用下,试样沿径向方向被压缩,导致试样轴向伸长;低温冻结试样的弹性变形持续时间长于高温试样,如-2．3℃试样在应变达到0．32％时即开始屈服进入塑性变形,而-7℃试样的...     

A dimensional analysis of scaling viscosity and velocity in DEM of constant strain rate tests on asphalt

This paper presents the results from discrete element modelling (DEM) of an idealised (sand) asphalt mixture under constant strain rate (velocity) compressive loading using the Burgers viscoelastic model. Using dimensional analysis it is shown that the effect of scaling applied velocity is the same as that of scaling both viscosities in the Burgers model by the same factor. This has been shown to be the case for a bonded aggregate, and it also has been shown to be applicable even when bond breakage occurs within the sample. This scaling method will be of great benefit in modelling tests on asphalt under different constant strain rates, simply by scaling both viscosities to minimise computational time.     

多元均生函数模型及其在短期气候预测中的应用

在原均生数模型的基础上，对模型进行改进，首次引入预报因子变量，建立一个多元的均生函数模型。它适应于气温、降水、热带气旋个数等多种要素预报。新建的多元均生函数模型包含了原模型的优点。而且比原有均生函数模型具有更物理基础。     

复杂山地条件、特长、大埋深公路隧道 工程地震勘探技术方法

通过对复杂山地条件、特长、大埋深的雪峰山公路隧道的工程地震勘探实例,介绍和分析了根据实地情况开发和应用的高分辨率地震震源激发技术,复杂地形、地质构造条件下共排列双向变偏移距高分辨率反射波多次覆盖技术,环保型地震反射波与折射波法野外同步施工技术.