桩后劈裂压浆施工技术

阐述了桩后劈裂压浆提高单桩承载力的机理、使用设备、操作方法工艺参数和操作注意事项，并对劈裂压浆的压入量及压力进行了初步探讨。     

Flexible spectral methods for the generation of random fields with power-law semivariograms

Random field generators serve as a tool to model heterogeneous media for applications in hydrocarbon recovery and groundwater flow. Random fields with a power-law variogram structure, also termed fractional Brownian motion (fBm) fields, are of interest to study scale dependent heterogeneity effects on one-phase and two-phase flow. We show that such fields generated by the spectral method and the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) have an incorrect variogram structure and variance. To illustrate this we derive the prefactor of the fBm spectral density function, which is required to generate the fBm fields. We propose a new method to generate fBm fields that introduces weighting functions into the spectral method. It leads to a flexible and efficient algorithm. The flexibility permits an optimal choice of summation points (that is points in frequency space at which the weighting function is calculated) specific for the autocovariance structure of the field. As an illustration of the method, comparisons between estimated and expected statistics of fields with an exponential variogram and of fBm fields are presented. For power-law semivariograms, the proposed spectral method with a cylindrical distribution of the summation points gives optimal results.     

The identifiability of parameters in a water quality model of the Biebrza River, Poland

The identifiability of model parameters of a steady state water quality model of the Biebrza River and the resulting variation in model results was examined by applying the Monte Carlo method which combines calibration, identifiability analysis, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The water quality model simulates the steady state concentration profiles of chloride, phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate as a function of distance along a river. The water quality model with the best combination of parameter values simulates the observed concentrations very well. However, the range of possible modelled concentrations obtained for other more or less equally eligible combinations of parameter values is rather wide. This range in model outcomes reflects possible errors in the model parameters. Discrepancies between the range in model outcomes and the validation data set are only caused by errors in model structure, or (measurement) errors in boundary conditions or input variables. In this sense the validation procedure is a test of model capability, where the effects of calibration errors are filtered out. It is concluded that, despite some slight deviations between model outcome and observations, the model is successful in simulating the spatial pattern of nutrient concentrations in the Biebrza River.     

The hydrocarbon generation mechanism and the three-stage type model of hydrocarbon generation for carbonate source rocks

The diagenetic mechanism and process of carbonate rocks, which is different to that of clastic rocks, decides the existence of different existing state organic matters in carbonate rocks. This has been verified by both the microscopic observation of organic petrology and the analysis of organic geochemistry of many samples. Based on the hydrous pyrolysis simulation experiment of the low-mature carbonate rocks, the contrasting study on the yield and their geochemistry characteristics of different existing state soluble organic matters of a series of various maturity samples shows that the different existing state organic matters make different contributions to hydrocarbon generation during every evolution state. So that, the hydrocarbon generation process of carbonate rocks can be summarized as the following three stages: the first is the direct degradation of biogenic bitumen macromolecules during the immature stage, the second is the thermal degradation of a large amount of kerogen at the mature stage, the last stage is the expulsion or release of inclusion organic matter owing to the increased thermal expansion pressure during the high evolution stage. Part of achievements of the Eighth Five-Year National Science-Technology Key-Task Project “85-102-02-07”.     

孕震系统中的1/f噪声行为

根据自组织临界现象理论,研究7海城、唐山等7个大地震前、后中小地震的活动特征,计算了不同孕震时期地震活动的功率谱特征.初步结果表明描述地震活动的谱幂律指数p值在大震发生前有明显的增高倾向.主震前一年及主震当年,p值一般落在闪变噪声的谱域,其他时间一般很小.最后讨论了地震孕育的物理过程及孕震系统的稳定性.     

图像配准和融合及其在医学影像中的应用

图像配准和融合是图像分析和处理的基本问题，在医学影像、遥感、计算机视觉等领域有着广泛的应用。本文研究它们在多模态医学影像技术中的应用。本文提出并实现了基于Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换的图像配准和基于子波变换的图像融合方法，在图像融合中，我们采用特征选择的取大原则，这种准则更适合于来自不同图像中的明显特征     

电法勘探的发展和展望

电法勘探在经历了近一个世纪的发展后，其方法理论、仪器设备、野外数据采集、处理和解释等方面都经历了一系列重大变化．本文以方法理论的进展为主线，回顾、展望了目前电法勘探中几个重要而令人关注的研究焦点．这些问题的研究进展将会对21世纪的电法勘探产生深远的影响．     

山谷冰川稳定态时积累区面积比率研究

探讨山谷冰川稳定状态时积累区面积比率，即ＡＡＲ值的大小，认为冰川物质平衡高程分布，平面形态及坡面坡度沿程变化形式是影响山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值的主要因素，并 山谷冰川稳定态ＡＡＲ值与物质平衡高程分布及平面形态之间的定量关系。山谷冰川适合于应用ＡＲ值法来研究古冰川的零平衡线高程。     

巴楚-伽师Ms6.8地震地磁异常特点分析

通过分析、比较1996--2003年喀什地震台站记录到的新疆伽师及附近地区发生的多次6级地震的地磁前兆异常特征，发现在这几组地震活动过程中喀什地震台的地磁表现出不同的异常特征，说明与地震破裂特征有更深层次的相关性，且地磁响应比异常和总强度差值异常在一定程度上反映了台站周围小范围的震源区介质电性结构的变化。巴楚-伽师6．8级地震前地磁异常特征并不十分突出，有别于1996—1998年伽师强震群震前地磁异常量较丰富的特点。     

圆形截面灌注桩正截面均匀配筋计算可视化

在圆形截面均匀配筋偏心受压混凝土构件的正截面承载力基本计算公式的基础之上 ,结合基坑工程中圆截面灌注桩的受力特点 ,推导了灌注桩均匀配筋计算的有关公式 ,并以此为基础 ,利用可视化编程软件Delphi 6 .0编写了相应的配筋计算程序。通过实际例证 ,表明该程序计算快捷且结果准确。