Theory and application for retrieval and fusion of spatial and temporal quantitative information from complex natural environment

This paper briefly presents the research progress of the State Major Basic Research Project 2001CB309400, “Theory and Application for Retrieval and Fusion of Spatial and Temporal Quantitative Information from Complex Natural Environment”. Based on the rapid advancement of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery technology, information theory of fully polarimetric scattering and applications in polarimetric SAR remote sensing are developed. To promote the modeling of passive microwave remote sensing, the vector (polarized) radiative transfer theory (VRT) of complex natural media such as inhomogeneous, multi-layered and 3-dimensional VRT is developed. With these theoretical progresses, data validation and retrieval algorithms for some typical events and characteristic parameters of earth terrain surfaces, atmosphere, and oceans from operational and experimental remote sensing satellites are studied. Employing remote sensing, radiative transfer simulation, geographic information systems (GIS), land hydrological process, and data assimilation, the Chinese land data assimilation system (CLDAS) is established. Towards the future development of China’s microwave meteorological satellites, employing remote sensing data of currently available SSM/I (special sensor microwave/imager), AMSU (advanced microwave sounding unit), MTI (microwave temperature imager), etc., with ground-based measurements, several operational algorithms and databases for atmospheric precipitation, water vapor and liquid water in clouds, and other hydrological/hydrological applications are developed. To advance China’s SAR and InSAR (interferometric SAR) technologies, the image processing and analysis of ERS (European remote sensing), Radarsat SAR, and Chinese SAR, etc., the software platforms are accomplished. Based on the researches of multi-information fusion, some simulations, identification, and information extractions of the targets from complex background clutter scenes are studied. Some experiments of radio wave propagation in anomalous atmospheric status are also carried out. Translated from Advances in Earth Science, 2007, 22(2): 111–125 [译自: 地球科学进展]     

相山铀矿田西北部与东南部地学信息对比研究

文章通过对相山铀矿田西北部与东南部地学信息的对比分析,揭示了地质结构和矿床产出特征的不均一性和不对称性的主要影响因素,为相山矿田深部找矿及远景区扩大提供了新的依据。     

濮阳ML4．6级地震泰安地震台潮汐形变短临异常的识别

将倾斜固体潮Nakai拟合检验、倾斜潮汐变化分析引入潮汐形变资料处理中,对2006年4月9日山东莘县与河南濮阳交界的濮阳ML4．6级地震前泰安台的潮汐形变观测资料进行处理与分析,发现在地震前十天左右,泰安地震台出现潮汐形变地震短临异常,异常信号就是我们想要得到的地震前兆信息。     

Some elements of mathematical information theory and total inversion algorithm applied to travel time inversion

The total inversion algorithm and some elements of Mathematical Information Theory are used in the treatment of travel-time data belonging to a seismic refraction experiment from the southern segment (Sardinia Channel) of the European Geotraverse Project. The inversion algorithm allows us to improve a preliminary propagating model obtained by means of usual trial and error procedure and to quantify the resolution degree of parameters defining the crust and upper mantle of such a model. Concepts related to Mathematical Information Theory detect some seismic profiles of the refraction experiment which give the most homogeneous coverage of the model in terms of number of trajectories crossing it. Finally, the efficiency of the inversion procedure is quantified and the uncertainties regarding knowledge of different parts of the model are also evaluated.     

邯郸遥测地震台网可能提供的华北震情信息

根据邯郸遥测地震台网所属８个子台记录的小震月频度曲线演变的起伏特点,研究了它与华北中强震活动的时程关系后,认为本台网在整个华北的中期、短期的趋势动态跟踪监视工作中可提供较为可靠的震情信息。文中对使用资料取择的物理意义和提取信息标志的具体办法等作出了具体叙述,本台网之所以具有反映华北震情信息的功能,可能与它所处的部位是在北东和北西两组构造的交汇部位有关。这样的部位无论来自何方的地震应力场强、弱演变的     

基于地质统计先验信息的储层物性参数同步反演

本文提出的储层物性参数同步反演是一种高分辨率的非线性反演方法,该方法综合利用岩石物理和地质统计先验信息,在贝叶斯理论框架下,首先通过变差结构分析得到合理的变差函数,进而利用快速傅里叶滑动平均模拟算法（Fast Fourier TransformMoving Average,FFT-MA）和逐渐变形算法（Gradual Deformation Method,GDM）得到基于地质统计学的储层物性参数先验信息,然后根据统计岩石物理模型建立弹性参数与储层物性参数之间的关系,构建似然函数,最终利用Metropolis算法实现后验概率密度的抽样,得到物性参数反演结果。并将此方法处理了中国陆上探区的一块实际资料,本方法的反演结果具有较高的分辨率,与测井数据吻合度较高;由于可以直接反演储层物性参数,避免了误差的累积,大大减少了不确定性的传递,且计算效率较高。     

基于AVO反演的频变流体识别方法

研究表明流体引起衰减与频散往往表现为频变AVO现象.一些频散地震属性,例如纵波频散,已经证实为可靠的碳氢指示因子.为了更有效地识别流体,基于f-μ-ρ近似构建了新的流体因子Df,即频变流体项.该属性的反演首先需要连续小波变换(CWT)谱分解得到不同频带地震数据,通过去相关与先验约束来保证反演结果可靠性.模型试算证实了频变反射系数近似公式的精度可靠性,Df可以识别出强衰减介质所引起的频散现象.实际数据试算中,Df可以较好地识别储层孔隙流体,尤其对于气层,具有较好的指示效果.该流体因子将Gassmann流体项的高孔隙流体敏感性与叠前数据丰富的振幅频率信息相结合,反演效果与岩石物理认识相符.此研究有助于利用衰减频散现象借助AVO反演实现流体识别.     

Isolation of plane shear wave using water saturated trench barrier

The article presents a theoretical investigation of the propagation of normally and obliquely incident plane shear waves past a rectangular trench filled up with water saturated soil sandwiched between anisotropic elastic media. The motivation for this work is due to the effectiveness of the isolation of waves by the in-filled rectangular trench. Unlike the most of the previous researchers, this model considers the soil–structure interaction effects and directly determines the influence of barrier in the form of in-filled trench on the mode of wave propagation. It is of interest to determine the reflection and transmission coefficients, and the energy partition distribution of shear waves in the in-filled rectangular trench showing the influence of barrier on the propagation of waves. An extensive parametric study through numerical computation is carried out to investigate the influence of the material properties of the in-filled trench and the amplitude ratios on shear waves. The in-filled trench barrier directly declines the intensity of waves significantly in such a way that the waves do not create any hazards to the nearby structures, if exists at all.     

真三轴单面临空下煤岩组合体冲击破坏特征试验研究

煤岩复合承载结构所处的应力边界条件不同,冲击地压在巷道中的显现特征和前兆规律亦不相同。采用高频振动采集及孔内成像三轴动静载试验系统,开展了高静载和动静载耦合作用下煤岩组合体真三轴单面临空试验,分析了煤岩组合体界面处力学特征和强度条件,探究了不同应力边界下煤岩组合体的破坏形态、动力显现特征和声发射信号的演变规律。研究结果表明:(1)受煤岩变形相互制约的影响,交界面处砂岩强度被"弱化"。当界面处煤体裂隙尖端的应力大于"弱化"后砂岩强度时,裂隙将穿过煤岩界面发育至砂岩中,砂岩呈现出屈曲层裂、劈裂成板的破坏形态。(2)高静载作用下,煤岩组合体变形破坏特征和声发射信号具有明显的前兆规律,组合体发生承载失效前煤体局部颗粒弹射动能增大、弹射颗粒块度降低,声发射信号由"高频低能"向"高频高能"转变,组合体的破坏形态以剪切-张拉复合破坏为主。(3)受冲击动载影响,顶底板砂岩夹持作用减弱,煤体裂纹尖端应力得不到有效积聚,裂纹扩展到煤岩交界面时被阻隔,组合体以煤样的张拉破坏为主,声发射信号呈现出"高频高能"的特点,但大多集中在冲击破坏之后,导致组合体动力破坏难以预测。(4)与纯静载作用相比,虽然动静载耦合作...     

信息的不可修改性与当代科学某些问题

本文指出了"信息确定性"所涉及的信息的不可 修改性、信息"保真性"是认识观念的重大变革。 以取消数量稳定性限制条件,得出了非线性不稳 定具有特殊性信息及其周期性,并可解释翁文波 的"可公度"法是运用了特殊性信息的特殊规律, 在物质演化问题上不能将数量的一般规律拓广至 特殊性信息中;由此涉及了当代科学没有解决物 质演化的"时间"、特殊性、非惯性系及其数量分 析伪造信息等问题。信息的客观存在性和不可修 改性,已实质上表明了将近代的"信息科学"的 信息分析等同于当代科学的数量处理是认识上的 误解。即"信息"不能等同于"数量"。