Role of reservoir regulation and groundwater feedback in a simulated ground-soil-vegetation continuum: A long-term regional scale analysis

The regional terrestrial water cycle is strongly altered by human activities. Among them, reservoir regulation is a way to spatially and temporally allocate water resources in a basin for multi-purposes. However, it is still not sufficiently understood how reservoir regulation modifies the regional terrestrial- and subsequently, the atmospheric water cycle. To address this question, the representation of reservoir regulation into the terrestrial component of fully coupled regional Earth system models is required. In this study, an existing process-based reservoir network module is implemented into NOAH-HMS, that is, the terrestrial component of an atmospheric–hydrologic modelling system, namely, the WRF-HMS. It allows to quantitatively differentiate role of reservoir regulation and of groundwater feedback in a simulated ground-soil-vegetation continuum. Our study focuses on the Poyang Lake basin, where the largest freshwater lake of China and reservoirs of different sizes are located. As compared to streamflow observations, the newly extended NOAH-HMS slightly improves the streamflow and streamflow duration curves simulation for the Poyang Lake basin for the period 1979–1986. The inclusion of reservoir regulation leads to major changes in the simulated groundwater recharges and evaporation from reservoirs at local scale, but has minor effects on the simulated soil moisture and surface runoff at basin scale. The performed groundwater feedback sensitivity analysis shows that the strength of the groundwater feedback is not altered by the consideration of reservoir regulation. Furthermore, both reservoir regulation and groundwater feedback modify the partitioning of the simulated evapotranspiration, thus affecting the atmospheric water cycle in the Poyang Lake region. This finding motivates future research with our extended fully coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modelling system by the community.     

The role of vibrationally excited nitrogen in the ionosphere

Theoretical and experimental aspects of the production, transformation, diffusion and loss of N₂ in the upper atmosphere are considered. The N₂-CO₂ near-resonant system in theD andE regions is taken into account. We describe our understanding of the methods necessary to find the vibrational populations of N₂ and CO₂ (asymmetric mode of CO₂). The calculations of the vibrational temperatures in theD, E, andF regions for the mid-latitude ionosphere and an aurora are presented. The connection between the excited species and the 4.26-m radiation intensities is considered. The models for the rate coefficient of the reaction of O⁺ with N₂ and the electron density decrease resulting from N₂ in the F region are discussed.     

VS垂直摆倾斜仪标定数据的合理选取及计算程序

针对垂直摆标定格值普遍存在超限问题,分析其原因主要是标定数据的选取不合适,没有消除标定电压差值中的潮汐变化量,本文通过推导、计算,介绍一种新的标定数据选取方法,该方法能够剔除潮汐变化量和一些高频的干扰变化,并编写了标定数据处理和格值计算程序,该计算方法已经得到了武汉地震研究所胡国庆教授的认可。目前,在张家口台、怀来台、阳原台、赤城台投入使用,达到了预期效果,提高了标定格值精度。     

Effects of magnitude accuracy and complete－ness data on seismic hazard parameters

Ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｍａｇｎｉｔｕｄｅａｃｃｕｒａｃｙａｎｄｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ┐ｎｅｓｄａｔａｏｎｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｈａｚａｒｄｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓＨＵＩ－ＣＨＥＮＧＳＨＡＯ（邵辉成），ＪＩＡ－ＳＨＵＸＩＥ（谢家树），ＰＩＮＧＷＡＮＧ（王平）ａｎｄＹＡ－Ｘ...     

Simulations for the Original Distribution of KBOs

Using the N-body dynamical model that includes the sun, the 8 planets, Pluto, UB313 and massless particles, we simulate the orbital evolution of 551 Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) with known parameters. The initial conditions of the simulations are the currently observed orbital parameters. The integration backtracks from now to -10×10⁸ yr. The results show that about 10×10⁸ years ago, more than 1/3 of the presently observed KBOs resided in the region of the present Kuiper main belt, a few were located inside the Neptune orbit, and the rest were beyond 50AU; and that about 4.5×10⁸ years ago, all the objects in the Kuiper main belt exhibited a rather good normal distribution, without so many objects concentrated in the Neptune's 3:2 resonance region, as at present time.     

基于积分图像的面状注记配置方法研究

提出了一种基于积分图像的面状图形注记自动配置算法,设计并实现了基于积分图像的面状注记配置的核心算法。实验表明,该算法能快速准确地定位待标记注记的位置,合理而又美观地实现面状图形注记的自动配置。该算法已成功应用于深圳市地籍测绘大队的房产测绘系统中。     

浅议黔东北地区铅锌矿地质特征与找矿方向

文章以黔东北地区1︰200 000区域化探成果资料为基础,对铅锌矿床(点)的分布、成矿物质来源、成矿环境、成矿构造作用的表现形式等作了阐述,探讨了铅锌矿的成矿机理,将黔东北地区铅锌矿的矿床类型归属为中低温热液矿床;对区域铅锌矿找矿远景进行了分析,提出了9个可供进一步地质勘查工作的找矿远景区。     

热液成因有色金属矿多维异常体系:以马头斑岩型钼铜矿为例

从深部矿地球化学勘查实际需求出发,根据近年来20余个矿床研究结果,总结提出了热液成因有色金属矿床矿致异常规律--多维异常体系。多维异常体系是指产出在特定成矿地质时期地质体中,空间有序共存、形成机理各异、成矿指向递进的多属性地球化学异常体系,将在斑岩型、矽卡岩型、热液型以及沉积改造型等与热液作用有关的有色金属矿产深部矿预测和评价中发挥重要作用。以安徽马头斑岩型钼铜矿为例,对该矿床多维异常体系进行了探讨。结果表明: 在该矿床中,存在着以Na₂O为代表的负异常体系、以S为代表的矿化剂元素异常体系、矿化剂元素S与Fe和成矿元素间协同平衡体系、成矿及其伴生元素异常体系等,这些异常体系对成矿的指示作用是递进的,从而证实了多维异常体系的存在。对应用多维异常体系思路预测和评价深部矿进行了说明。     

迭代法计算H2O-CO2-NaCl包裹体均一压力的改进及其应用

文章在宋玉财等于2007年提出的利用迭代法计算流体包裹体成分及均一压力的基础上,结合Duan等通过热力学模拟研究所获得的最新的热力学方程及H2O-CO2-NaCl包裹体pVtx计算程序,对宋玉财等所提出的H2O-CO2-NaCl包裹体成分及均一压力的迭代计算法提出了改进意见,同时对其进行了适当的修改。文章利用中-低温条件下求解CO2在盐水中的溶解度及摩尔体积的方程,提高了原方法的计算精度,并将原方法的适用范围（均一温度≥300 ℃）扩展到中_低温（0～260 ℃）、中_低压力（0～1 000×105Pa）以及中等盐度的范围。本方法适用于求解CO2部分均一温度高于笼形物融化温度、不含石盐子矿物且完全均一到水溶液相的H2O-CO2-NaCl包裹体。     

地震作用下的灰坝液化特征及其动力稳定性分析--以安阳电厂为例

根据安阳电厂灰坝岩土工程性质及其动力学特性,建立了适合灰坝工程的动力分析模型并采用有限元法进行了动力分析.在此基础上,在不同工况条件下对灰坝进行了抗液化安全评价及抗震稳定性分析.研究表明,在不设碎石桩、无排渗体条件下,粉煤灰子坝的抗液化安全系数Ks＜1.25,将发生液化;在设碎石桩、有排渗体条件下,粉煤灰子坝的抗液化安全系数明显提高,Ks≥1.25,不会发生液化.抗震稳定性分析表明,在上述两种工况条件下灰坝是稳定的.