大震前地磁场时空间线性度变化的初步研究

把用来分析地震波波形的时间线性度和空间线性度两种方法，应用到地磁资料分析当中，具体分析处理了１９７６年７月２８日唐山Ｍｓ７．８地震和１９８９年１０月１９日大同Ｍｓ６．１地震前后地磁场资料，并对这两次地震前后地磁时空线性度变化情况进行了研究。所得结果表明：①较大地震前地磁场的时空线性度均可能呈现出较明显的下降异常变化，有些在震前回升，②各分量的时空线性度呈现异常的时间基本上同步，并与波速异常发展趋势基本相符。     

松辽盆地白垩纪古气候特征及其变化机制

本文综合研究了松辽盆地白垩纪古气候的沉积记录、孢份古植物群记录及碳、氧同位素地球化学特征，得出了松辽盆地白垩纪古气候的演变规律。并认为碳族国与古气候旋回有密切的对应关系，大气中ＣＯ＿２含量的变化是古气候变化的根本原因。每一温暖时期的开始都与大气中ＣＯ＿２含量的增加有关，随着固碳作用的增强，温室效应削弱。碳旋回是古气候变化的重要机制。     

Cyclic sedimentation and climatically caused sea-level changes in the Late Palaeozoic of Central Europe

Significant short-term fluctuations are characteristic of geological history since Precambrian times. Only the younger Quaternary climatic fluctuations are known in more detail as a result of a high grade time resolution. Climatic change can also be postulated with respect to older, cold periods during which polar inland ice sheets developed. From a discussion of endogene and exogene interpretations it is shown that global climatic changes, and the sea-level changes induced by them, as well as changes in the position and extent of climatic zones throughout the world provide a control mechanism for sedimentation which is consistent with cyclic sedimentation in Late Palaeozoic times, and also if the basin subsides non-cyclically. The model allows an explanation of the development of the Permo-Carboniferous sedimentary cycles without numerous short-term vertical oscillations of the earth's crust. In reality, exogene and endogene controls on sedimentation act together in great variety of combinations.     

地震波动力学特征变化指标在短期地震预报中的应用

本文研究了地震前地震波动力学特征的变化，主要是波形和频谱的变化，并从中提取出可望在短期（半年以内）地震预报中应用的一些预报指标。这些指标包括：Ｐ波初始部分波形的时间线性度和空间线性度，初始段平均半周期，Ｓ，Ｐ波频谱的峰值频率，拐角频率，相对带宽度，相对频谱峰值，高频段的谱线斜率绝对值等。同时还研究了短周期地脉动的波形线性度及频谱特征量（峰值频率等）在大震前出现的短期（半年以内）和临震（９天以内）的     

Coastal slope terracing and relative sea-level changes: Deductions based on computer simulations

Although a traditional geological survey of terraced coastal slopes is an essential part of studies aimed to reconstruct relative sea-level changes, the stratigraphic and chronological data so obtained frequently prove inadequate to completely unravel the sometimes very complex history of sea-level fluctuation, especially where erosion has prevailed over deposition and/or deposits are difficult to date. On the basis of our experience we think that much additional information can be gained through geomorphological interpretation of the profiles of those slopes. In order to facilitate such interpretation, a computer simulation model is developed that is able to predict the morphogenic response to a variety of possible relative-sea-level histories. The results can be used to envisage some new interpretation keys for the analysis of real situations and, hopefully, as bases for the conception of general models of coastal slope evolution under the action of a variable sea level. Though preliminary, the results so far obtained permit identification of the geomorphological consequences (in terms of resulting slope profile) of ordered successions of transgressions and regressions of different amplitude, rate, order and style. Moreover they provide interesting insights into the role that different styles of tectonic uplift may play in the phenomenon of multiple terracing of coastal slopes.     

全球旋回地层学

全球旋回地层学是指在对全球沉积岩进行综合系统研究之基础上，通过估算沉积盆地中源于物源区的沉积物类型和沉积环境条件变化，来预测地层学特征的一种过程一结果模型。其研究内容包括对全球地质演化时期全球海平面变化、全球气候条件、全球构造运动、全球古地理背景、全球沉积环境特征、全球古生物事件及全球矿产形成过程进行动态模拟，强调古气候在地质记录中的意义，注重沉积记录的全球同时性研究；强调各种事件在沉积作用中的意     

地质时期生物与自然协调演化及化石燃料资源的分布规律

从更广泛和较高的层次对地质时期地球表层的生命活动和环境变化进行多学科的综合性研究，在全球系统分析的基础上为“协调人类与自然关系”的战略主题提供决策依据。以高分辨率地层学框架的研究的基础，综合多种学科对事件、间事件及其载体和介质的定量研究，为生物与环境的耦合机制的认识及有关模式的建立提供科学依据。化石燃料作为事件产物，其分布规律亦为重要研究内容之一。     

热带太平洋地区SSTA和风应力场的海气耦合模态

按国家气象局“八五”攻关力专家组提出的有关近海热带气候强度突变的标准，对１９７０－１９９１年在我国的近海发生强度突为的热带气旋进行了分类统计，发现如下气候特征：平均每年有８－９个热带气旋移到我国近海时发生强度突变，其中突然减弱的居多，占总个数的７９．６％，突然增强的只占总个数的２０．４％，突然增强只发和天５－１０月，而突然减弱到５－１２月均可发生；突然增强主要出现在浙闽沿海、南海中部，珠江口外西侧     

Gully‐head erosion processes on a semi‐arid valley floor in Kenya: a case study into temporal variation and sediment budgeting

A three year monitoring programme of gully‐head retreat was established to assess the significance of sediment production in a drainage network that expanded rapidly by gully‐head erosion on the low‐angled alluvio‐lacustrine Njemps Flats in semi‐arid Baringo District, Kenya. This paper discusses the factors controlling the large observed spatial and temporal variation in gully‐head retreat rates, ranging from 0 to 15 m a^?1. The selected gullies differed in planform and in runoff‐contributing catchment area but soil material and land use were similar. The data were analysed at event and annual timescales. The results show that at annual timescale rainfall amount appears to be a good indicator of gully‐head retreat, while at storm‐event timescale rainfall distribution has to be taken into account. A model is proposed, including only rainfall (P) and the number of dry days (DD) between storms: which explains 56 per cent of the variation in retreat rate of the single‐headed gully of Lam1. A detailed sediment budget has been established for Lam1 and its runoff‐contributing area (RCA). By measuring sediment input from the RCA, the sediment output by channelized flow and linear retreat of the gully head for nine storms, it can be seen that erosion shifts between different components of the budget depending on the duration of the dry period (DD) between storms. Sediment input from the RCA was usually the largest component for the smaller storms. The erosion of the gully head occurred as a direct effect of runoff falling over the edge (GH_waterfall) and of the indirect destabilization of the adjacent walls by the waterfall erosion and by saturation (GH_mass/storage). The latter component (GH_mass/storage) was usually much larger that the former (GH_waterfall). The sediment output from the gully was strongly related to the runoff volume while the linear retreat, because of its complex behaviour, was not. Overall, the results show that the annual retreat is the optimal timescale to predict retreat patterns. More detailed knowledge about relevant processes and interactions is necessary if gully‐head erosion is to be included in event‐based soil erosion models. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Rupture zones in the area of the 17.08.99 Izmit (NW Turkey) large earthquake (Mw 7.4) and stress changes caused by its generation

The M_w 7.4 Izmit earthquake of 17 August 1999 struck a part ofthe North Anatolian fault in the area of Izmit Bay (NW Turkey). Historicalinformation shows that the fault which moved during the generation of thisearthquake consists of two fault segments moved during the generation oflarge (M 7) earthquakes in 1719 and 1754, respectively. Since then onlythe central part (between Izmit and Lake Sapanca) of this fault ruptured bythe generation of a smaller shock (M = 6.6) in 1878.The spatial stress variations based on the calculation of changes in theCoulomb Failure Function (CFF) associated with this earthquake aresupported by the distribution of strong aftershock foci. Large positive valuesof CFF to the east and west of the mainshock epicenter are inagreement with the notion that secondary faults were triggered there by thegeneration of the main event. Large positive values of CFF are alsoobserved in the adjacent western fault segment where the 1766 event wasgenerated, evidencing the occurrence of the next strong earthquake in thissegment.