松辽盆地徐家围子断陷芳深9井区火山岩储层裂缝预测

本文在松辽盆地北部徐家围子芳深9井区构造地质、石油地质及构造应力场分析的基础上,对早白垩世嫩江组末期、晚白垩世明水组末期和现今三个构造时期在营城组火山岩地层中的构造应力场进行了三维有限元数值模拟,进而分析了三维构造应力场在裂缝预测分析中的应用,研究结果与构造地质、石油地质分析结论相一致,对油气勘探开发具有指导意义。      

A Connectivity Index for Discrete Fracture Networks

Connectivity is an important measure for assessing flow transport in rock, especially through fractures. In this paper, rock fracture systems are modelled by a discrete fracture model simulated by a marked point process. A connectivity index is then introduced to quantify the connectivity between any two points in space. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the connectivity index for stationary cases and relationships between the connectivity index and the parameters of the discrete fracture model are analysed. The average number of intersections per fracture, X_f, and the fracture intensity, P12 (P32), are calculated and the relationships between these parameters and the connectivity index are investigated, concluding that X_f is the more suitable parameter for the classification of rock mass flow properties. The relationships between the connectivity index and the percolation state of the fractured medium are also discussed. An edge correction is briefly discussed and a practical example is used to demonstrate the method of computing the connectivity index.     

内蒙古四子王旗头号岩体锆石U-Pb同位素年代、岩石成因及构造意义

头号岩体位于华北板块北缘,西拉木伦河缝合带以南,侵位于新太古代变质花岗岩中,被晚侏罗世钾长花岗岩所侵入。通过LA-ICP–MS锆石U-Pb测年获得了(236.2±9.6)Ma(MSWD=3.6)的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄,应代表其侵位年龄。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,ω(SiO2)为73.09%⁷6.96%,ω(Na2O+K2O)为8.14%76.96%,ω(Na2O+K2O)为8.14%⁸.95%,A/CNK为1.03%8.95%,A/CNK为1.03%¹.13,标准矿物计算中各样品均出现刚玉(C),σ值为1.951.13,标准矿物计算中各样品均出现刚玉(C),σ值为1.95².54,为过铝质岩石、高钾钙碱性岩石系列。稀土元素蛛网图中,轻重稀土元素分馏较强,Eu为明显的负异常,大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集,高场强元素亏损(HFSE),Zr/Hf比值偏离较大,为S型花岗岩,并且岩浆作用后期可能与高温含水流体发生了相互作用。头号岩体形成于造山晚期向造山期后转变的构造体制下。结合前人区域研究资料,认为华北板块与西伯利亚板块已沿西拉木伦河缝合带闭合。     

湘南中新生代玄武岩成因研究及构造环境分析

定量计算了湘南中新生代多种类型玄武岩的矿物－熔浆平衡条件和岩浆粘度、密度、上升速度等岩浆物理参数，识别出了三类原生玄武岩浆，橄榄拉斑武岩浆、白榴碧玄岩浆、碧玄岩浆、根据玄武岩的地质岩石学的地球化学特征，及岩浆起源条件，深部地质和地球物理等方面资料的综合分析，认为本区玄武岩是大陆岩石圈深部热扰动的产物。     

切缝药包在定向断裂爆破中的应用研究

对切缝药包用于岩石定向断裂爆破进行了一定的研究,对相关爆破参数进行了设计,并利用模型试验进行验证,实验结果表明切缝药包的定向断裂控制效果好。现场试验也表明该法是一种比较理想的断裂控制爆破技术。最后指明该技术有待进一步研究的方向。     

陕西凤太地区唐藏—黄柏塬构造带内各时代火山岩对比研究

唐藏一黄柏塬构造带是商丹结合带的向西延伸,有两套不同时代火山岩系相依分布,其中新元古代丹凤岩群火山岩系主要为玄武岩—安山岩—流纹岩,早古生代罗汉寺岩群火山岩系为苦橄岩—安山玄武岩—安山岩—流效岩,通过岩石常量元素和稀土、微量元素地球化学特征研究,证明丹凤岩群火山岩系形成千岛弧构造环境,罗汉寺岩群火山岩系形成于陆壳增厚的活动陆线构造环境。     

Static and dynamic conceptual model of a complexly fractured crystalline rock aquifer

A conceptual model of anisotropic and dynamic permeability is developed from hydrogeologic and hydromechanical characterization of a foliated, complexly fractured, crystalline rock aquifer at Gates Pond, Berlin, Massachusetts. Methods of investigation include aquifer‐pumping tests, long‐term hydrologic monitoring, fracture characterization, downhole heat‐pulse flow meter measurements, in situ extensometer testing, and earth tide analysis. A static conceptual model is developed from observations of depth‐dependent and anisotropic permeability that effectively compartmentalizes the aquifer as a function of foliation intensity. Superimposed on the static model is dynamic permeability as a function of hydraulic head in which transient bulk aquifer transmissivity is proportional to changes in hydraulic head due to hydromechanical coupling. The dynamic permeability concept is built on observations that fracture aperture changes as a function of hydraulic head, as measured during in situ extensometer testing of individual fractures, and observed changes in bulk aquifer transmissivity as determined from earth tides during seasonal changes in hydraulic head, with higher transmissivity during periods of high hydraulic head, and lower transmissivity during periods of relatively lower hydraulic head. A final conceptual model is presented that captures both the static and dynamic properties of the aquifer. The workflow presented here demonstrates development of a conceptual framework for building numerical models of complexly fractured, foliated, crystalline rock aquifers that includes both a static model to describe the spatial distribution of permeability as a function of fracture type and foliation intensity and a dynamic model that describes how hydromechanical coupling impacts permeability magnitude as a function of hydraulic head fluctuation. This model captures important geologic controls on permeability magnitude, anisotropy, and transience and therefor offers potentially more reliable history matching and forecasts of different water management strategies, such as resource evaluation, well placement, permeability prediction, and evaluating remediation strategies.     

雪峰山西侧地区海相油气勘探前景初析

通过对雪峰山西侧地层叠覆关系、沉积序列、层序地层和旋回沉积特征等油气地质的调查研究,表明雪峰山西侧盆地演化与四川盆地一样,均经历了从被动陆缘(Z-O₁)→类前陆(O₂-S)→克拉通-大陆边缘盆地(D-T₂)→内陆湖盆(T₃-J)和山间盆地(K-Q)5个演化阶段;发育9个区域性平行不整合和1个角度不整合,构成5个构造层,即①南华系-震旦系;②下古生界;③上古生界-下中三叠统;④上三叠统-下中侏罗统;⑤上白垩统及其以上。总体构造活动性不强,对油气长期保存和演化有利。5个构造层孕育了4个一级生储盖组合,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ为有利组合。因此,该地区原生油气地质条件优越,但后期改造较强,特别是侏罗纪末期的燕山运动以来的造山和隆升剥蚀量大,是该区海相下组合油气勘探的制约性因素。     

碳酸盐裂隙油气藏地震特征响应及应用探讨

根据地震特征参数,利用ＢＰ网络进行油气预测是一种常用的地球物理方法。作者在此基础上,根据已知裂隙油气藏,通过特征参数优化,在裂隙油气藏中,寻找到一组油气响应较强的地震特征参数,并用这些特征参数进行裂隙油气藏的识别,效果比例用全部地球特征油气识别要好。     

阿尔金造山带南缘晚奥陶世赞岐质闪长岩的发现及其地质意义

本文以阿尔金造山带南缘出露的高镁赞岐质闪长岩为研究对象,通过系统的野外地质工作、显微岩相学、年代学和全岩地球化学分析,探讨其成因类型和源区性质,限定了阿尔金造山带构造演化格架。闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明其形成年龄为(445±3) Ma,属晚奥陶世。地球化学数据显示:闪长岩Al₂O₃含量为15.11%~16.19%,且具有高MgO(3.93%~5.29%)和K₂O(1.68%~2.67%)含量的特征,属于高镁钙碱性准铝质岩石;闪长岩具有较高的Cr(29.3×10^-6~140×10^-6)、Ni(27.1×10^-6~43.5×10^-6)、Ba(606×10^-6~936×10^-6)、Sr(513×10^-6~734×10^-6)和Y(26.4×10^-6~31.1×10^-6)含量,与典型的高镁赞岐岩类地球化学特征一致;稀土配分图和微量元素蛛网图显示闪长岩样品富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(如Rb和K),而亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ti和Zr),表现出与俯冲带环境岩浆岩相似的性质;高Ti/Zr比值(48~60)与Mg^#(46.74~53.06)、高Cr(29.3×10^-6~140×10^-6)与高Ni(27.1×10^-6~43.5×10^-6)含量等暗示闪长岩岩浆源区来自遭受俯冲组分交代过的富集岩石圈地幔。岩石成因分析表明,阿尔金造山带南缘晚奥陶世高镁赞岐质闪长岩是后碰撞构造环境下俯冲板片断离诱发地幔楔发生减压熔融而形成,代表了早古生代最强烈的区域性幔源基性岩浆侵入事件。