The effects of pre-existing normal faults on thrust ramp development: An example from the northern Apennines,Italy

The Umbria-Marche foreland fold-and-thrust belt in the northern Apennines of Italy provides excellent evidence to test the hypothesis of synsedimentary-structural control on thrust ramp development. This orogenic belt consists of platform and pelagic carbonates, Late Triassic to Miocene in age, whose deposition was controlled by significant synsedimentary extension. Normal faulting, mainly active from Jurassic through Late Cretaceous-Paleogene time, resulted in significant lateral thickness variability within the related stratigraphic sequences. By Late Miocene time the sedimentary cover was detached from the underlying basement and was deformed by east-verging folds and west-dipping thrusts. Two restored balanced cross sections through the southernmost part of the belt show a coincidence between the early synsedimentary normal faults and the late thrust fault ramps. These evidences suggest that synsedimentary tectonic structures, such as faults and the related lithological lateral changes, can be regarded as mechanically important controlling factors in the process of thrust ramp development during positive tectonic inversion processes.     

阿尔泰造山带构造演化研究中的几个关键问题剖析

对阿尔泰山地区的构造格局、构造变质、岩浆岩时代、动力热事件和构造区类型归属等几个地学基础问题进行深入细致研究的基础上，反演了阿尔泰地槽造山带形成和演化的递进历程。     

A Study on the Geological—Geochemical Dynamics of Hydrothermal Ore Deposition as Exemplified by the Muping—Rushan Gold Deposit Belt,Eastern Shandong,China

This paper presents a method of establishing a hydrothermal ore-forming reaction system.On the basis of the study of four typical hydrothermal deposits,the following conclusions concerning geochemical dynamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been sions concerning geochemical dynaamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been drawn:(1)The regional tectonic activities control the concentration and dispersion of elements in the ore-forming process in terms of their effects on the thermodynamic nature and conditions of the ore-forming reaction system.(2)During hydrothermal mineralization the activites of ore-bearing faults can be divideb into two stages:the brittle splitting stage and the brittle-tough tensing stage,which would create characteristically different geodynamic conditions for the geochemical thermodynamic ore-forming system.(3)The hydrothermal ore-forming reaaction system is an open dynamic system.At the brittle splitting stage the system was so strongly supersaturated and unequilibrated as to speed up and enhance the crystallization and differentiation of ore-forming fluids.And at the brittle-tough tensing stage,the ore-forming system was in a weak supersaturated state;with decreasing temperature and pressure the crystallization of oreforming material would show down,and it can be regarded as an equilibrated state.(4)In the lates stages of hydrothermal evolution,gold would be concentrated in the residual ore-forming solution.The pulsating fracture activite in this stage led to the crush of pyrite ore and it was then filled with gold-enriched solution,forming high-grage“fissure”gold ore.This ore-forming process could be called the coupling mechanism of ore formation.     

湖北省随枣地区推覆构造格局的研究

研究区构造格局的基本特征是上地壳多层次自北而南的逆冲—拆离，柳林、洪清、大洪山３条逆掩断层与深部拆离面一起组成了尖端指向南的楔形薄皮构造。逆冲系统以背驮式扩展演化。多层次推覆构造格局因后期高角度断裂的切割破坏而复杂化，构造格局定型时代为燕山期     

安徽省铜陵地区侵入岩成因的实验研究

通过３７次成岩实验研究认为：（１）在地壳温度下，地壳物质的重熔不可能形成石英闪长质或更基性的岩浆；（２）碱性玄武岩浆同化花岗质地壳，可以生成石英闪长质和花岗闪长质岩浆，所产生的岩浆高钾富碱，属高钾岩系，与铜陵地区侵入岩相似；（３）高压下形成的岩浆比中压下形成的岩浆更高钾富碱；（４）在岩浆演化过程中铜与钾似无成因联系，钾与铜的“相关性”与它们的趋同性有关，即两者均于岩浆晚期富集。     

江南隆起东端伸展构造的识别及其意义

通过对屯溪流塘盆地典型伸展堆叠构造几何学和运动学的解剖，以及对其它几个伸展构造实例的分析，指出伸展构造在江南隆起的存在，它们的形成主要是重力作用的产物，遍及中、新生代。这种特征构造的解剖有助于深化认识江南隆起的构造特点和演化历史。     

Relocation of the October 9, 1505 Earthquake with M63/4

There have been 12 possible locations of the earthquakes occurring in the South Yellow Sea since 1505.In this paper,the location of the earthquake that occurred in 1505 has been determined by the collection of more historical data of the influenced field,referring the isoseismal data of earthquakes with the epicentral intensityⅨ and combining geophysical field data with tectonic condition,due to its great influence on seismic safety assessment of some significant engineering.     

Attenuation of coda waves and Q c value beneath the Chengdu telemetered seismic network

Based on the single scattering model of coda power spectrum analysis, digital waveform data of 50 events recorded by the real-time processing system of the Chengdu telemetry network are analyzed to estimate the Q _c values of earth medium beneath the Chengdu telemetry network for several specified frequencies. It is found that the Q _c shows the frequency dependency in the form of Q _c = Q ₀ f ⁿ in the range of 1.0 to 20.0Hz. Estimated Q ₀ ranges from 60.83 to 178.05, and n is found to be 0.713 to 1.159. The average value of Q ₀ and n are 117 and 0.978 respectively. This result indicates the strong frequency dependency of the attenuation of coda waves beneath the Chengdu telemetry network. Comparing with the results obtained in other regions of the world, it is found that Q ₀ ⁻¹ value and its change with frequency are similar to those in regions with strong tectonic activity. This subject is supported by the Ministry of Personnel, China for partly sponsoring.     

Measurement and research method of metallogenic depths of Jiaojia orefield and Linglong orefield Shandong Province, China

Taking the contribution of the tectonic force to the total hydrostatic pressure into account, the author puts forward a new method on the calculation of the depth of petrogenesis and metallogenesis which is summarized as follows: first the tectonic added hydrostatic pressured P_s is subtracted from the total hydrostatic pressure P, then using their difference P_r, according to the general method the depth of petrogenesis and metallogenesis can be determined in consideration of lateral constraint. By the new method the following data on the depths of the metallogenesis are obtained: 2 243.6 m (No. I and No. II veins with metallogenic epoch of 105 Ma) and 1 632. 38 m (No. III vein with 105 Ma) for Jiaojia orefield, and 3 454.97 m (NE-trending zone with 213.2 Ma), 1 902.79 III (ENE-trending zone with 100.28 Ma), 1 090.97 m (NE-trending zone with 80.67 Ma) and 720.55 m (NNE-trending zone with 71.86 Ma) for Linglong orefield. Project supported by the Foundation of the State Planning Commission, China and the Foundation of the State Science and Technology Commission, China.     

湘南中新生代玄武岩成因研究及构造环境分析

定量计算了湘南中新生代多种类型玄武岩的矿物－熔浆平衡条件和岩浆粘度、密度、上升速度等岩浆物理参数，识别出了三类原生玄武岩浆，橄榄拉斑武岩浆、白榴碧玄岩浆、碧玄岩浆、根据玄武岩的地质岩石学的地球化学特征，及岩浆起源条件，深部地质和地球物理等方面资料的综合分析，认为本区玄武岩是大陆岩石圈深部热扰动的产物。