伸缩缝刚度对大跨度悬索桥动力特性的影响

伸缩缝作为大跨度桥梁与引桥之间的重要连接构件,其抗推刚度及可能存在的变异性对主桥及引桥动力特性的影响不可忽略。本文建立了大跨度悬索桥及引桥的有限元模型,采用弹簧单元模拟加劲梁与引桥箱梁之间的伸缩缝,分析伸缩缝刚度对悬索桥及引桥自振特性及其地震响应的影响规律。分析结果表明:伸缩缝刚度对加劲梁的横弯振型、竖弯与纵飘耦合振型的频率有明显的影响;伸缩缝刚度的变化会导致加劲梁与引桥的振型相互耦合,同时这些振型的频率发生相应的突变,当伸缩缝刚度较大时,加劲梁两个竖弯与纵飘的耦合振型解耦成为独立的竖弯和纵飘振型;当引桥与悬索桥加劲梁的纵飘振型发生耦合时,在纵向和竖向地震作用下的悬索桥及引桥的地震响应达到最小。伸缩缝刚度对悬索桥动力特性影响的分析可为悬索桥的模态参数确认、损伤识别、抗震性能分析提供有价值的借鉴。     

Dynamic performance of twin curved cable‐stayed bridges

The dynamic behaviour of two curved cable‐stayed bridges, recently constructed in northern Italy, has been investigated by full‐scale testing and theoretical models. Two different excitation techniques were employed in the dynamic tests: traffic‐induced ambient vibrations and free vibrations. Since the modal behaviour identified from the two types of test are very well correlated and a greater number of normal modes was detected during ambient vibration tests, the validity of the ambient vibration survey is assessed in view of future monitoring. For both bridges, 11 vibration modes were identified in the frequency range of 0ndash;10Hz, being a one‐to‐one correspondence between the observed modes of the two bridges. Successively, the information obtained from the field tests was used to validate and improve 3D finite elements so that the dynamic performance of the two systems were assessed and compared based on both the experimental results and the updated theoretical models. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic response of a cable‐stayed bridge deck under multi‐component non‐stationary random ground motion

A Markov method of analysis is presented for obtaining the seismic response of cable‐stayed bridges to non‐stationary random ground motion. A uniformly modulated non‐stationary model of the random ground motion is assumed which is specified by the evolutionary r.m.s. ground acceleration. Both vertical and horizontal components of the motion are considered to act simultaneously at the bridge supports. The analysis duly takes into account the angle of incidence of the earthquake, the spatial correlation of ground motion and the quasi‐static excitation. A cable‐stayed bridge is analysed under a set of parametric variations in order to study the non‐stationary response of the bridge. The results of the numerical study indicate that (i) frequency domain spectral analysis with peak r.m.s. acceleration as input could provide more r.m.s. response than the peak r.m.s. response obtained by the non‐stationary analysis; (ii) the longitudinal component of the ground motion significantly influences the vertical vibration of the bridge; and (iii) the angle of incidence of the earthquake has considerable influence on the deck response. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

压力型锚索力学机理现场试验研究

通过现场试验研究了岩质边坡中压力型锚索的受力和破坏机理。试验锚索采用130 mm孔径,6束标准钢绞线,符合实际工程的常用锚索规格。严格控制锚固段与非锚固段尺寸,设置了不同的锚固段长度用以研究锚索的抗拔力学性能。试验获得了岩质条件下足尺压力型锚索的荷载位移全曲线。用应变砖测试了锚固段注浆体在受力过程中的应变规律,测试结果与理论计算的结果吻合。对试验结果进行分析发现,在较软岩条件下,试验锚索的最佳锚固长度在2 m左右。压力型锚索的位移延性性能非常优秀,在锚索整体位移较大时还能维持较高的承载力,可以提供良好的破坏预警。根据实测的轴向应变发现,随着锚固长度的增加,应力传递长度也略有增加。提出压力型锚索的破坏要经历局部塑性,整体塑性两个阶段。     

漂浮体系悬索桥拟静态纵向运动特性及其控制

营运状况下漂浮体系悬索桥加劲梁纵向运动产生的过大累积行程会引起伸缩缝和塔梁纵向阻尼器等连接构件的性能退化和疲劳损坏.探索加劲梁纵向运动过大累积行程的成因,并找出降低累积行程的控制措施是确保悬索桥健康运营的关键.首先,以江阴长江大桥实测位移时程数据为基础,对不同频谱特性的位移成分进行分解,并统计了不同位移成分的循环次数和...     

三类高强度悬式瓷绝缘子的成分和物相分析

为探讨高原牌70kN和进口120，210kN瓷绝缘子的成分和结构性能，中采用原子吸收光谱（AAS）和X射线衍射（XRD）方法，对三类产品进行了检测。结果表明，有效成分除K2O外，70kN和210kN的SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3含量接近，主晶相基本相同，有刚玉，莫来石、石英和长石等；结晶相总量：70kN35%，120kN40%,210kN48%，这表明机械强度愈大，结晶相含量愈高，只需调整70kN原样的部分成分，粒度和工艺，即生产出高等级（如210kN)瓷绝缘子。     

湿陷性黄土边坡预应力锚索耐久性与改善措施研究

随着预应力锚索在湿陷性黄土边坡加固工程中的广泛应用,其耐久性问题就变得日益突出,湿陷性黄土边坡预应力锚索出现了较多因预应力损失而引起的失效事故。基于湿陷性黄土边坡预应力锚索运行现状进行研究,研究表明:黄土腐蚀性对边坡预应力锚索耐久性影响微弱,黄土湿陷性和地质条件变化对边坡预应力锚索耐久性影响显著;通过采用加强排水措施、提升浅部注浆工艺和注重运行维护等措施可以改善湿陷性黄土边坡预应力锚索耐久性;改善后的预应力锚索在监测期内处于平稳波动的服役状态,运行效果良好。本研究以期为湿陷性黄土边坡预应力锚索的设计、施工和运行维护等提供借鉴。     

压力分散型锚索内力变化规律试验研究

对压力分散型锚索的每个承载体单元采用了分级循环加载的方法,通过新的地质力学模型试验,研究压力分散型锚索各单元内力变化规律,并根据试验方法和压力分散型锚索锚固段的受力状态,导出了分级循环加载条件下接触面满足摩 尔-库仑强度条件时的弹性理论解。试验结果表明,在软岩和粉土地质条件下,前者的注浆体应变和剪应力分布相对后者比较集中,加载过程中单元间影响相对较小;基于摩尔-库仑准则的弹性理论解可以较好地描述锚索注浆体在分级循环加载后的应变和剪应力分布规律。研究结果对正确分析压力分散型锚索加固作用机制和锚固工程设计具有较好的参考价值。     

地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡极限分析

针对地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡典型模型,提出了一种地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡的极限分析改进方法,该方法考虑了边坡极限状态时锚索的受力变化。基于岩体刚性假设并考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化,结合极限平衡法推导出边坡加固预应力锚索的受力变化公式;地震作用仅考虑地震波传播至滑动面时产生的透射波对边坡稳定性的影响,从功率的角度出发,结合极限分析上限法与强度折减法,考虑预应力锚索受力变化,推导出地震作用下预应力锚索加固顺层岩坡的动安全系数计算理论公式;结合算例,采用考虑与不考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化两种计算方法,分析了在不同入射波波幅、入射角度及滑动面黏聚力、内摩擦角条件下两种方法计算结果的差异。算例结果表明：考虑与不考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化计算方法,计算得出的动安全系数变化规律一致,但考虑滑移过程锚索受力变化的改进计算方法得出的动安全系数动态变化幅度明显更小,反映了锚索的抗震作用效果,可为地震作用下该类型岩坡的预应力锚索加固设计分析提供参考。