基于DEM的活动构造研究

地形地貌参数指标是分析区域活动构造的有力工具。本文以渭河上游流域的活动构造研究为例,通过提取地貌的参数指标,如面积-高程积分(Hi)、流域盆地不对称度(AF)、山前曲折度(Smf)以及谷底宽度与谷肩高度的比值(Vf)、盆地形状指数(Bs)等,然后对地貌参数指标等级进行算术平均化(S/n),可得到区域的相对构造活动程度(Iat),分为:低、中等、高、较高四类等级。研究认为渭河上游流域的构造活动程度相对高(Iat=1.50),这种方法对探讨整个区域活动构造的差异性具有很好的效果和意义。     

天津地热流体中的沉积物成分分析

地热流体在利用过程中,可在过滤装置、管道、井管、井口、回灌井的滤水管等多个环节形成多种成分的沉积物:包括岩屑的机械沉积和地热流体中过饱和矿物的化学沉淀。本文对天津地区地热利用过程中不同部位沉积物的矿物成分分别取样,利用SEM或XRD方法进行矿物鉴定,结果表明各部位的沉积物成分不尽相同。利用多年积累的数据,对地热流体的赋存条件、多种矿物的SI值模拟及沉积原因进行了分析,研究了不同部位沉积物的来源及其形成机制。结合地热利用系统及成井工艺的综合分析,阐述了沉积物的防治措施及目前尚难避免的沉积环节。     

测井曲线概率分布法识别四川盆地火山岩气水层

火山岩的矿物成分复杂,主要矿物有石英、正长石、斜长石、云母、角闪石、辉石和橄榄石.不同岩性的储层物性和孔隙结构类型各不相同,这给火山岩气水层判别造成很大困难.基于测井资料,首先采用中子-密度交会图的方法求取孔隙度,然后结合实验室的岩电参数以及测井的电阻率曲线,构建P1/2概率分布曲线,根据概率曲线的分布形态来识别火山岩...     

Chemical indexes of Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks from Liaohe Group,North China Craton:Implications for paleoclimate and provenance

Paleoproterozoic supracrustal materials have been widely identified in North China Craton, such as the Liaohe-, Hutuo-and Lyuliang groups. The Liaohe Group in the eastern part of the North China Craton is dominated by deformed and metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic successions. Compared with that of the coeval volcanic rocks, geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks from the Liaohe Group has rarely been studied in detail, which can possibly provide information on the paleoclimate and provenance. The authors analyzed the whole-rock and detrital zircon geochemistry of sedimentary rocks from the Liaohe Group against a uniform process and proposed their different ways of paleoweathering of the lower and upper formations. That is to say, although the lower and upper formations within the Liaohe Group might be derived from the similar source composition in a tectonically active setting, the paleoclimate that they experienced was not exactly the same. The predominant derivations are the Paleoproterozoic granitoids and basalts within the Liaohe Group, with minor input of Archean continental crust. This study highlights the contributions of the Paleoproterozoic mafic sources, which has been generally overlooked in the previous researches.     

Normalized algorithm for mapping and dating forest disturbances and regrowth for the United States

Forest disturbances such as harvesting, wildfire and insect infestation are critical ecosystem processes affecting the carbon cycle. Because carbon dynamics are related to time since disturbance, forest stand age that can be used as a surrogate for major clear-cut/fire disturbance information has recently been recognized as an important input to forest carbon cycle models for improving prediction accuracy. In this study, forest disturbances in the USA for the period of ∼1990–2000 were mapped using 400+ pairs of re-sampled Landsat TM/ETM scenes in 500m resolution, which were provided by the Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System project. The detected disturbances were then separated into two five-year age groups, facilitated by Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data, which was used to calculate the area of forest regeneration for each county in the USA.     

城市群经济发展水平综合评价指标体系及方法研究—以中原城市群为例

在全球化和区域经济一体化的背景下,区域之间的竞争已经演变成以中心城市及其周边紧密结合所形成的城市群之间的竞争.城市群已经成为区域参与全球分工、竞争和合作的重要经济实体.本文构建了城市群经济发展水平综合评价指标体系,利用AHP法确定了各指标的权重,提出了综合评价模型.以中原城市群为例,利用2004年和2007年两个发展时...     

变形系统的混沌化研究

变形体变形系统是一个动态的非线性复合系统.变形运动的混沌行为验证主要通过计算系统的Lyapunov指数的正负得出.本文通过对变形系统的动力方程的混沌化研究,验证了当系统为单一连续时间系统时,构造合适的状态矩阵,保证其特征值大于某一参数就能确保变形系统的混沌化,而如果系统是反馈系统,合理选择反馈参数一样能使系统走向混沌.     

海量矿业权核查成果数据存储与访问的优化技术研究

针对矿业权核查单矿权成果数据具有文件小、数量多、异构、多源等特点,为了有效地存储这些数据到Oracle数据库中,实现快速提取及显示,并能够将一个矿业权的提取时长控制在1秒以内,本文给出了从建立数据库实体到查询、显示过程所涉及诸多问题的一个完整的优化方案。首先建立了一个完整的、科学的数据存储模型,并采用范围-列表分区模式对大型表进行分区,同时采用通过调整Oracle系统高速缓冲区、减少表连接、优化SQL查询语句、在客户端分页显示查询结果等优化方案,有效提升表中数据的查询速度,以达到优化目的。     

变形测量异常数据处理中小波变换最佳级数的确定

综合分析数据去噪效果的4个分项评价指标,即数据的均方根差变化量、互相关系数、信噪比及平滑度,将各分项评价指标归化到0,1后相加得到总体评价指标,将总体评价指标最大值所对应的级数定义为小波分解与重构的最佳级数。模拟和实测两个算例验证了此方法的有效性。     

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Variation of the Winter Wheat Late Frost Disaster in Henan, China

The winter wheat late frost disaster(WFD) occurs mainly in the Yellow and Huaihe River area,of which Henan Province covers the most part.Henan is the major area of wheat production in China,but it is severely hit by the WFD.In this study,we construct a WFD index based on the minimum temperature and the winter wheat development period(WDP).The WFD degrees and days at 30 agrometeorological stations in Henan Province during the period of 1981-2004 are calculated.For the large-scale temporal variation analysis of WFD,the 24-yr WDP observation series is relatively short,so it is expanded by using the relation between the turning green date of winter wheat and the 5-day running mean temperature and that between the stem elongation phase and the effective cumulative temperature above a critical value of 2.5 ℃.The WFD data are also expanded for the last 50 years and are analyzed by using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) and the Morlet wavelet methods.Characteristics in the spatial distribution and temporal variation of WFD are revealed.The results show that the frequency of WFD is generally high,exceeding 40% in parts of Henan,and exhibits a rising trend in the period of 1970-1990.The variation trend of WFD degrees is similar to that of WFD days,and the areas with higher WFD degrees coincide the areas with more WFD days.Moreover,the WFD degree has a greater impact on the winter wheat yield than the WFD days.The areas with high WFD degrees lie in the southeast and southwest of Henan,and the areas with low WFD degrees lie in the south of the Huaihe River and parts of western Henan.Temporal variations of the first and second EOF modes of the WFD degree display 16-and quasi-22-yr periodicities,respectively.The areas of high(low) WFD frequency are distributed in the northern Henan and the southwest border of Henan(the northeast Henan and the middle part of southwest Henan).The temporal variation of the first(second) EOF mode of WFD days exhibits a periodicity(periodicities) of quasi-4 yr(quasi-3 and quasi-6-7 yr).