深埋长隧洞前期勘查中工程地质调查与CSAMT异常分析

在南水北调西线一期工程玛柯河-贾曲段工程地质勘察过程中,充分利用地球物理资料,实现地质与地球物理的有机结合。依据区域地质条件、岩石电性特征和岩层的沉积环境,按电阻率的高低范围及变化特征将13 km长的CSAMT电阻率断面划分为4个不同部分进行解译,其中,断层破碎带的解释结果与野外岩石露头所反映的地质信息吻合较好。作为一项新物探技术,CSAMT法可为分析工程地质问题提供基础资料,具有较好的应用前景。     

Complex variable analysis for stress distribution of an underwater tunnel in an elastic half plane

When an underwater tunnel is excavated, the groundwater may flow into the tunnel. The seepage forces consequently induced can have important effects on the effective stresses around the tunnel. Moreover, the influences of the free surface of a shallow underwater tunnel should also be considered. In this research, an analytical solution is presented to calculate the seepage‐induced effective stresses around a shallow underwater tunnel in an elastic half plane. The solution uses the complex variable method and consists of conformally mapping the half plane with a hole onto a transformed circular ring. The coefficients of the various terms in the Laurent series expansions of the stress functions in the transformed region can be obtained from the boundary conditions. The total stress distribution around a shallow underwater tunnel can be calculated by the potentials in the half plane. The effective stress can be obtained by subtracting the pore pressure from the total stress. The analytical solution is validated by numerical simulations and can be used to perform both the short‐term and long‐term analyses. By using the proposed solution, it is found that the circumferential effective stresses around the tunnel increase greatly because of seepage, and they increase with the increase of water depth in both the undrained and drained conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analytical model for the beam action of a tunnel lining during construction

Measurements on a 14.5‐m diameter bored tunnel have shown that the mechanised assembly of a segmented tunnel lining results in a permanent longitudinal bending moment in the tunnel lining. An analytical model for the beam action of the tunnel lining during the construction phase of bored tunnels is presented. The model incorporates many of the essentials in staged beam construction. It takes into account the influence of forces from the TBM, the loading of the tunnel lining by the grout in the liquid phase, and linear elastic properties of the tunnel lining and soil. Calculations are compared with measurements at the Groene Hart Tunnel (GHT), 20 km south of Amsterdam: the bending moment curve and vertical inclination of tunnel lining segments were compared. The measured bending moment curve is well reproduced. The measured vertical inclination of the lining segments is found to be governed by the beam action of the tunnel lining plus the influence of shear force in the lining. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multiscale method for long tunnels subjected to seismic loading

A multiscale method for the dynamic analysis of underground structures is proposed, which involves the concurrent discretization of the entire domain with both coarse‐scale and fine‐scale finite element meshes. The coarse‐scale mesh is employed to capture seismic response characteristics of the integral system, whereas the fine‐scale mesh describes in detail the dynamic response in positions of potential damage or interest. For both the coarse‐scale and fine‐scale meshes to overlap, a bridging scale term is introduced so that compatibility of dynamic behavior between the coarse‐ and fine‐scale models is enforced. Both material and contact nonlinearities are considered in the multiscale model. As an application, the model is used for large‐scale seismic response of a newly built long‐distance shield tunnel. Results show that this multiscale method does not have spurious wave reflections at the fine/coarse interface and does not need filtering procedures, which is an advantage compared with the displacement coupling method. Stress and deformation response in lining segments and their connecting bolts are investigated and analyzed within the fine‐scale model, and the capacity of critical structural components, such as bolts and joints is evaluated. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

隧道洞口施工对陡倾岩质边坡变形影响的分析

陡倾岩质边坡由于受工程地质条件、水文地质条件及施工扰动的影响,在隧道洞口施工过程中极易产生滑坡。综合武罐高速公路马桑坝隧道洞口滑坡的形成特点及工程地质条件,采用有限差分软件FLAC^3D对该隧道洞口的开挖与爆破施工、边坡失稳及加固过程进行了数值模拟和分析,并提出了提出针对性治理方案,得到较好效果。     

安徽绩溪至长安段隧道工程地质问题研究

近年来,由于我国高速铁路和高速公路的大力发展,隧道工程的地质问题研究也越来越多.作者从地质填图和实测剖面入手,分析隧道及其周围的构造特征和变形特性.研究隧道所涉岩体的节理特征及其对隧道稳定性的影响;断层特征及其对隧道稳定性的影响;围岩产状特征及其对隧道稳定性的影响.此文章对于隧道的设计和施工都有较大的借鉴意义.     

急倾斜地层工程地质条件对矿井巷道安全的影响

总结论述了急倾斜地层中矿井水平巷道、倾斜巷道,在不同的岩层、煤层及煤层与岩层的组合条件下呈现出的非均衡性围岩压力、顶板的对角线侧压、后期冲击顶侧压、巷道差异性变形、倾斜顺穿层巷道的倒楔形塌洞等不利于安全的工程地质现象,对同类矿井的井巷施工和探索更好的井巷施工技术有一定的指导作用     

高黎贡山隧道岩土工程勘察水平钻孔施工技术

高黎贡山隧道位于新建铁路大理至瑞丽线保山至瑞丽段,呈北东～南西向穿越高黎贡山山脉,设计全长39.4km,可为亚洲之最.将钻探得到的宝贵数据汇总,提供于隧道施工单位,便于其提前做好各项预防措施,为隧道今后的施工提供了有利的数据,避免了一些事故的发生,为施工单位也争取了宝贵时间.     

我国地质找矿钻探技术装备现状及发展趋势分析

在对我国地质找矿钻探技术装备发展经济环境分析的基础上,通过调研和统计数据,分析了我国地质找矿钻探技术和装备的现状及发展趋势,包括岩心钻机的生产、销售和使用情况,煤层气钻机的现状,施工单位对新技术、新装备的需求等。提出了我国地质找矿钻探技术及装备发展的建议。