05106型海洋风传感器简介

本文介绍了美国Ｒ．Ｍ．ＹＯＵＮＧ公司的新产品－０５１０６型海洋风传感器,并简单地分析了Ｒ．Ｍ．ＹＯＵＮＧ公司在该风传感器中采用的关键技术。     

探地雷达技术在隧道掘进预报中的应用

以探测实例阐明了探地雷达技术在隧道掘进预报中的应用     

大坂山公路隧道防寒保温门的原理及应用

大坂山隧道地处严寒地区,年平均气温－3．1℃．无论隧道衬砌层是否敷贴隔热保温层,其围岩都要形成多年冻结圈．相应的衬砌表面应力超过混凝土的强度,终将形成破裂等冻害．若设置防寒保温门,合理地控制其开闭,经估算,防冷冻的效率高达近80％,围岩肯定不形成多年冻结．年平均气温－1℃定为严寒气候与中等寒冷气候的分界．在严寒气候条件下,防寒保温门是公路隧道防冻害的首选对策．     

凹坑地形风流结构对污染物散布的模拟研究

利用建立的三维非静力高分辨率高阶湍流闭合模式与随机游动扩散模式研究了一个深凹露天矿区污染物散布的规律,同时在风洞中进行了示踪实验。结果表明,由于凹坑内复环流结构的存在,使得坑内污染物浓度较大,且浓度最大值出现在源的上风侧。数值试验与风洞试验结果吻合较好。     

城市地下空间开发对地下水环境影响的初步研究

本文以南京地铁、玄武湖水底交通隧道为例,初步分析了玄武湖水底交通隧道对地下水环境的潜在影响。这种潜在影响主要表现在三个方面:阻滞地下水的排泄,引起地下水位的升降,诱发玄武湖水与古河道水的贯通。结果则是地下水污染加剧,城市生态环境的恶化。     

二朗山公路隧道岩爆特征与预测研究

根据二郎山公路隧道施工中记录的２００多次岩爆资料,总结隧道的岩爆特征,并采用“地质超前预报法”和“σθ／Ｒｂ判断现场测定预测法”两种方法,对岩爆预测问题进行有益探讨。     

软土地层中地下隧道结构地震反应分析

本文从土与结构动力相互作用观点出发,同样条有限元和半解析无限元对地下隧道结构进行抗震分析,该方法具有降低维数,减少自由度,避免人为边界条件处理等特点,并可考虑复杂成层地基的情况。本文为探讨地下隧道结构－土相互作用内在机理提供了一个有效途径。     

超前锚杆短循环法在砂砾石隧洞挂口施工中的应用

介绍了在支洞工程的施工中,利用超前锚杆短循环法解决在砂砾石地层中挂口难题的具体措施和关键技术,实现了工程自身及周围围道公路,升压站等重要建筑物的安全技术要求。     

盾构法开挖地铁联络通道对地表沉降的影响研究

世界首条盾构法联络通道一宁波地铁联络通道已经将盾构法挖掘地铁联络通道变为现实,但对于盾构法联络通道挖掘对地表沉降的影响还缺乏足够的认识和积累。以宁波地铁3号线某区间的地铁联络通道开挖为例,对盾构法联络通道施工过程进行了试验测试及CAE(Computer Aided Engineering)仿真,并成功地完成了施工过程中各个工况地表沉降仿真与测试的标定分析,得到了沉降幅值在各工况下的变化规律,指出盾构地铁联络通道施工过程中需要关注的危险工况,据此形成了一套真实、可靠、先进的仿真流程,可为联络通道后续沉降监控及其它联络通道施工过程的沉降预测提供支持。     

A wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation,ripple formation and armouring within sand beds of systematically varied texture

This paper reports on a wind tunnel investigation of particle segregation, ripple formation and surface armouring within sand beds of systematically varied particle size distribution, from coarsely skewed to bimodal. By design, the system was closed with no external inputs of mass from an external particle feed. Particles too coarse to travel in saltation for the given range in wind speed were dyed red in order to distinguish them in optical images from finer sand particles, which could be entrained into the unidirectional airflow. A 3D laser scanner measured the changing bed topography at regular time intervals during 18 experiments involving varied combinations of wind speed and bed texture. Image classification techniques were used to investigate the coincident self‐organization of the two populations of particles, as distinguished by their colour. As soon as saltation commenced, some of the red particles segregated into thin discontinuous patches. Particle trapping and sheltering on these rough patches was strongly favoured, causing them to grow preferentially. During the earliest stages of formation, bedform growth coincided with: (i) rapid coarsening of the surface texture; and (ii) the merging of proto‐ripple ‘crests’ to generate larger rhythmic bedforms of lower frequency. Consistent with previous work, ripple size was observed to increase under stronger winds when not exceeding the threshold for entrainment of the coarse‐mode or red particles from the crest. With declining rates of mass transport and particle segregation as the bed surface armoured, and the consequent deceleration of ripple propagation through to the end of each experiment, all surfaces eventually attained a steady‐state morphometry. At saturation, the largest ripples developed on beds having the lowest initial concentration of red particles. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.