南海鱼类寄生粘孢子虫──Ⅱ．篮子鱼两极虫与尖吻鲈尾孢虫两新种

篮子鱼两极虫，新种Ｍｙｘｉｄｉｕｍｓｉｇａｎｕｍｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．寄生于篮子鱼Ｓｉｇａｎｕｓｓｐ．胆囊。孢子缝面观菱形，正面观椭圆形。孢子表面具有６条条纹。孢子长１１．４μｍ，宽６．９μｍ；极囊直径３．３μｍ；囊间距２．８μｍ。尖吻鲈尾孢虫，新种Ｈｅｎｎｅｇｕｙａｌａｔｅｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ寄生于尖吻鲈Ｌａｔｅｓｃａｌｃａｒｉｊｅｒ鳃部。孢子呈倒梨形。孢子长８．９μｍ，宽５．７μｍ，厚４．９μｍ；极囊长２．８μｍ，宽１．８μｍ；尾长１６．０μｍ。     

四种两性生殖卤虫雄性抱持器的形态比较

对四种卤虫:A.franciscana,A.sinica,A.persimilis,A.tunisiana的雄性抱持器及其额结节进行比较观察。在额结节表面有两种突起。树突和感觉毛。两者的排列和分布复杂,在不同种卤虫之间,它们的差别很明显。据此,额结节辅以抱持器的形态大小可作为卤虫的鉴定的重要标志。四种卤虫的简易鉴定法:1.A.franciscana额结节小,约150μm,抱持器粗壮,与其粗短体形一致。其体宽体长比值为0.17。2.A.sinica额结节小,约150μm,抱持器纤细,与其细长体形一致,其体宽体长比值为0.10。3.A.persimilis额结节大,半圆形,直径约350μm,抱持器端节前沿呈弧形。4.A.tunisiana额结节大,圆锥形,高350μm,抱持器端节前沿呈拐角突起。     

南海虹灯鱼属一新种——南沙虹灯鱼

1986年4月24日在南沙群岛海域采集到2尾灯笼鱼类标本,确认为一新种——南沙虹灯鱼Bolinichthys nanshanensis sp.nov.。本种与虹灯鱼属其它各种的区别在于腹部发光器(VO)数目较少,只有4个,其它均为5个。除此以外,本种与眶暗虹灯鱼B.pyrsobolus(Alcock)及尼氏虹灯鱼B.nikolayi Bekker两近似种的主要区别还分别在于尾柄下部发光鳞数目较多和鳃耙数较多。     

Monothalamous Soft-Shelled Foraminifera at an Abyssal Site in the North Pacific: A Preliminary Report

Soft-shelled monothalamous foraminifera, including species belonging to the suborders Allogromiida and Astrorhizida (families Saccamminidae and Psammosphaeridae), are an abundant and diverse component of the meiofauna in the deep NE Atlantic but have never been systematically documented in the Pacific Ocean. We examined the 32–63 µm and >63 µm fractions of a sample (0–1 cm layer, surface area 52.8 cm²) from an abyssal plain in the subarctic North Pacific, close to the Aleutian Trench (48°05.43 N, 176°55.06 E; 5289 m water depth). The residues yielded an estimated 2876 stained foraminifera (=545 per 10 cm²) of which >75% occurred in the upper 0.5 cm layer and almost half in the 32–63 µm fraction. Rather less than a third (30.5%) of individuals, and about half of the morphospecies (56 out of 121), were soft-shelled monothalamous forms. Many of these, particularly the saccamminids, were tiny, <120 µm in maximum dimension. Based on our analysis of this sample, and previous results in the North Atlantic and NW Indian Oceans, we suggest that these poorly known taxa are a consistently important component of the abyssal meiofauna in well-oxygenated areas.     

Day and Nighttime Changes in Species Composition of Deep-Sea Demersal Fishes

Species compositions of deep-sea demersal fishes were compared during the day and at night in two cruises of KT-01-8 and KT-02-5. A total of 742 individuals belonging to 28 species were collected in four day and four night hauls in KT-01-8, and in KT-02- 5 128 individuals belonging to 33 species were sampled in three night and four day hauls. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that there were two distinct groups corresponding to sampling time in both cruises, although in KT-02-5 the species composition from the first haul sampled after sunrise was similar to those found in night hauls. This suggests that the species composition of deep-sea demersal fishes changes between day and night. The existence of a time lag between the sea surface and the sea floor was also suggested, lag being 2–4 hr at 500 m depths in the study area. There may be two possible explanations for the change in deep-sea demersal fish composition between daytime and nighttime: the artificial effect of successive sampling design, and actual fish migration. Since the artificial effect would not be sufficient to explain the change of demersal fish composition, the vertical or horizontal movements of deep-sea demersal fishes would contribute to the faunal change between daytime and nighttime in the study areas.     

沐官岛潮间带底栖海藻春秋季节的群落构成、生物量、分布及其变化的初步研究

于1990年5月和11月份海藻生长繁殖季节，进行两次不同方位定性和定量采集工作，结果定性样品42种，东南方位种数大大超过其它3个方位，群落构成以红藻为主，定量样品两个季度月平均生物量也以东南方位最高。该岛主要优势种为鼠尾藻。