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961.
土性参数的随机场模型及桩体沉降变异特性分析   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4  
黄广龙  龚晓南  肖溟 《岩土力学》2000,21(4):311-315
考虑土体参数的空间变异性,建立了土体变形模量的随机场模型并推导了方差拆减系数计算公式,研究了竖向和径向自相关距离对桩体沉降变异性的影响。  相似文献   
962.
温度和降水是反映气候变化的两个主要变量。因此,针对这两个变量序列的时空分辨率和已揭示的气候变率,以及需要进一步研究的方向作了初步的归纳与讨论。用近一个世纪的温度、降水资料揭示,中国东部地区存在着准20 a和准70 a的振荡以及中国降水气候型的漂移;用近五百年和近千年的代用序列并结合器测资料,揭示了我国东部地区存在着70~80 a的振荡。文章最后指出,我国气候变化研究在资料开发、规律与机理研究、预测与服务等方面有待进一步提高。  相似文献   
963.
Increases in runoff and erosion after wildfires are often attributed to the development of hydrophobic soils. The potential for increased overland flow depends on the spatial contiguity of the hydrophobicity as well as its overall strength, but there is limited information on the spatial variability of soil hydrophobicity. We conducted spatially intensive hydrophobicity measurements in 225 m2 and 1 m2 plots in forested areas of Montana and Colorado burned at moderate to high severity, and in unburned control plots. Both the burned and unburned 225 m2 plots contained 10–23 hydrophobic soil patches in which hydrophobicity was strongest at the surface and declined rapidly with depth. The hydrophobic patches were closer together and up to 3 times larger in the burned plots. Consequently, 19% to 76% of the burned plots were hydrophobic compared to just 11% of the unburned plots. In five of the six burned plots, the patches were not laterally connected, suggesting that in most cases Hortonian overland flow generated from hydrophobic patches will infiltrate near its point of origin. The 1 m2 plots were smaller than most of the hydrophobic patches, so they did not capture the spatial characteristics of soil hydrophobicity. Characterization of the spatial variability of soil hydrophobicity should be based on measurements conducted at  1 m intervals across areas of > 100 m2. Due to the patchiness of soil hydrophobicity at the 100 to 10meter scale, overland flow measurements in small ( 1 m2) plots may overestimate the magnitude and variability of runoff from burned catchments.  相似文献   
964.
以类星体0917+624中1989年5月观测到的IDV事件为实例,尝试提出一个4成分模型(1个稳定成分和 3个闪烁成分)以充分解释在 6 cm波长上观测到的偏振变化,包括流量和偏振流量的相关性和反相关性以及它们之间的快速转化.对于 20 cm波长上观测到的偏振变化,3成分模型(1个稳定成分和3个闪烁成分)已足以解释全部现象.文中提出的闪烁模型在解释IDV事件的偏振变化方面改进了以前的模型拟合.  相似文献   
965.
966.
利用1998―2007年Seaflux资料结合太阳短波辐射及海面风场数据,分析了孟加拉湾海表日增温(Diurnal Warming of Sea Surface Temperature, dSST)的季节变化特征及其形成机制。结果显示,在赤道海域(5.0°N以南),dSST以年周期变化为主并呈现12月至次年5月高、6—11月低的单峰结构,在湾内(5.0°N以北),dSST则表现出显著的半年周期变化而呈现独特的春、秋季高,夏、冬季低的双峰结构。dSST空间分布形态春季呈湾中部高、四周低的态势;秋季湾口较低、湾内及赤道海域较高;夏、冬季形态基本一致均呈赤道高、湾内低的格局,但夏、冬季湾内高值中心略有不同,分别位于斯里兰卡岛东北部近海及湾西边界区。进一步分析表明,海面风速对整个研究海域的影响均较为重要,因此决定了dSST空间分布形态的季节变化。太阳短波辐射对湾内dSST季节变化的影响也较为重要,但在湾口以南至赤道大部分海域的影响较弱。  相似文献   
967.
The South China Sea warm pool interacts vigorously with the summer monsoon which is active in the region. However, there has not been a definition concerning the former warm pool which is as specific as that for the latter. The seasonal and inter-annual variability of the South China Sea warm pool and its relations to the South China Sea monsoon onset were analyzed using Levitus and NCEP/NCAR OISST data. The results show that, the seasonal variability of the South China Sea warm pool is obvious, which is weak in winter, develops rapidly in spring, becomes strong and extensive in summer and early autumn, and quickly decays from mid-autumn. The South China Sea warm pool is 55 m in thickness in the strongest period and its axis is oriented from southwest to northeast with the main section locating along the western offshore steep slope of northern Kalimantan-Palawan Island. For the warm pools in the South China Sea, west Pacific and Indian Ocean, the oscillation, which is within the same large scale air-sea coupling system, is periodic around 5 years. There are additional oscillations of about 2.5 years and simultaneous inter-annual variations for the latter two warm pools. The intensity of the South China Sea warm pool varies by a lag of about 5 months as compared to the west Pacific one. The result also indicates that the inter-annual variation of the intensity index is closely related with the onset time of the South China Sea monsoon. When the former is persistently warmer (colder) in preceding winter and spring, the monsoon in the South China Sea usually sets in on a later (earlier) date in early summer. The relation is associated with the activity of the high pressure over the sea in early summer. An oceanic background is given for the prediction of the South China Sea summer monsoon, though the mechanism through which the warm pool and eventually the monsoon are affected remains unclear.  相似文献   
968.
时空数据模型及时空地理信息系统功能架构   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
地理信息系统(GIS)就其实质而言,是现实世界的一种数据抽象模型。但现有的GIS数据模型缺乏跟踪现实世界实体变化的能力,因为它只保存实体的现势数据,而对于各种历史状态数据则无法保存,是一种快照数据模型。随着地理信息系统在行业应用的普及和深入,人们开始认识到地理信息系统应该具有描述现实世界中各种时空变化的能力,既可以分析其过去,又可以预测其未来(发展趋势)。这种想法导致了时空地理信息系统和时空数据模型概念的提出。本文分析了时空数据建模方面的技术问题;并讨论了主要的建模方法。认为历史接续关系和时序刻画是时空建模的主要内容。  相似文献   
969.
太湖流域典型地区土壤磷素含量的空间变异特征   总被引:43,自引:8,他引:35  
在地统计学和地理信息系统的支持下,以半方差函数为基本工具,分析了太湖流域典型地区土壤耕层全磷含量的空间变异特征,并运用块段克立格法进行线性无偏最优插值,制作了土壤耕层全磷含量的空间分布图。结果表明:研究区域土壤全磷含量具有中等的空间相关性和良好的结构性,其自相关距离在11km左右;土壤磷素含量的空间分布具有明显的斑块状特点,沿江平田区、地势低洼的圩田及低平田区磷素的含量相对较高,应作为农业面源磷污染的重点监控对象。  相似文献   
970.
In all four microquasars which show double peak kHz QPOs, the ratio of the two frequencies is 3:2. This strongly supports the suggestion that twin peak kHz QPOs are due to a resonance between some modes of accretion disk oscillations. Here, we stress that fits to observations of the hypothetical resonances between vertical and radial epicyclic frequencies (particularly of the parametric resonance) give an accurate estimate of the spin for the three microquasars with known mass. Measurement of double peak QPOs frequencies in the Galaxy centre seems also to be consistent with the 3:2 ratio established by previous observations in microquasars, however the SgrA* data are rather difficult for the same exact analysis. If confirmed, the 3:2 ratio of double peak QPOs in SgrA* would be of a fundamental importance for the black hole accretion theory and the precise measurement could help to solve the question of QPOs nature. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   
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