吉南板石沟地区英云闪长质片麻岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及地质意义

以吉南板石沟地区的英云闪长质片麻岩为例,探讨其成因及演化机制。研究表明该片麻岩具有富硅(SiO_2=66.61%~72.35%)高铝(Al_2O_3=13.56%~16.18%)富钠(Na_2O=3.65%~4.69%)贫钾(K_2O=1.13%~2.25%)的特点,稀土元素配分曲线右倾,富集Ba、Rb等大离子元素,亏损Ni、Ta等高场强元素,属于高铝TTG片麻岩,其与高硅埃达克岩特征相似。对该片麻岩锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,其形成年龄为(2 619±28)Ma,属于新太古代时期产物。锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果显示岩浆在形成演化过程中较少受到地幔物质混染,两阶段模式年龄T_(DM2)为2 976~2675 Ma。板石沟地区英云闪长质片麻岩可能是在俯冲环境下含玄武质洋壳部分熔融产生,认为华北克拉通东北部地区在新太古代时期可能存在一个由洋壳俯冲到弧陆碰撞造山带即吉—辽—冀弧陆碰撞增生造山带。     

南秦岭志留系铅锌矿床中硅质岩岩石学及地球化学

南秦岭泥盆系内产出的众多矿床中含有层纹条带状硅质岩-硅质板岩,对其成因的研究有助于查明矿床成因和确定区域找矿方向.研究表明,硅质岩化学成分纯净,SiO2含量多在90%以上.硅质岩中大部分微量元素含量低于地壳克拉克值,但富集Zn、Pb、As、Sb、Ag;硅质岩的Fe-Mn-(Cu+Ni+Co)×10图解表明硅质岩具热水沉积性质.硅质岩与矿石两者的稀土元素特点相似,具有ΣREE低(44.52×10-6)、轻重稀土分异较明显(LREE/HREE=6.51)、北美页岩标准化配分曲线呈平缓趋势、铈负异常不明显(δCe值为0.97)和铕正异常明显(δEu值为1.42)的特点;硅质岩的δ30Si为-0.5‰～0.0‰,δ18O为17.8‰～19.9‰,硅、氧同位素组成及形成温度(84～101℃)也暗示它为海底热水沉积成因.     

南帕米尔喀拉苏沟韧性剪切带构造变形特征及年代学分析

帕米尔西构造结经历了古生代—中生代多个地体的复杂拼合过程, 又遭受了新生代印度-亚洲碰撞的改造, 在整个青藏高原构造演化中扮演了重要的角色, 但该地区中生代构造演化的研究仍然相对较少。通过研究南帕米尔一条北西—南东走向宽约1.5 km的韧性剪切带中野外和显微变形特征, 判定剪切带为左行剪切, 剪切以走滑分量为主, 兼具部分逆冲分量, 韧性变形呈现中心强, 边缘弱的特点。根据剪切带中花岗岩岩株的形态、变形、岩石地球化学特征以及与区域其它岩体的对比, 判定其为同构造花岗岩。该同构造花岗岩中测得的两个锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(233.2±1.8) Ma和(235.7±1.4) Ma, 代表韧性剪切带形成于晚三叠世初期, 指示南帕米尔地块内部在乳山洋闭合初期已经发生明显的构造变形。     

利用树木年轮重建公元1639—2013年青南高原5~9月相对湿度变化

利用采集自青海省杂多县昂赛乡分布的大果圆柏建立树轮宽度差值年表（RES）。相关分析结果表明：青南高原5~9月平均大气相对湿度与树轮宽度差值年表具有显著的正相关关系,相关系数达0.65（建模期,1969-2013年）。利用差值年表重建了青南高原过去375 a的5~9月平均相对湿度变化序列,重建方程方差解释量达42.3%,且方程稳定。在重建的375 a中,显著的偏湿阶段有5个：1694-1710年、1753-1778年、1830-1847年、1892-1908年和1978-1989年;显著的偏干阶段有8个：1646-1673年、1682-1693年、1711-1731年、1735-1752年、1796-1809年、1817-1829年、1848-1861年和1873-1886年。采用多窗谱分析（MTM）发现,重建序列具有28~30 a的长周期,6~9 a和2~5 a的短周期。此次重建序列与其他一些能反映青藏高原地区干湿状况的树轮重建序列在低频上存在较好的一致性,而且与同期相关格点夏季帕尔默干旱指数（MADA）在公共区间（1639-2005年）的相关系数达0.489（P<0.001,n=367）,进一步证明了本文重建序列的准确性。     

First Report of Sapphirine+Quartz Assemblage from Southern India: Implications for Ultrahigh-temperature Metamorphism

We report here for the first time, the occurrence of sapphirine+quartz assemblage in textural equilibrium from quartzo-feldspathic and pelitic granulites from southern India. The sapphirine-bearing rocks occur as layered gneisses associated with pink granite within massive charnockite in Rajapalaiyam area in the southern part of Madurai Block. Sapphirine occurs in three associations: (i) fine-grained subhedral mineral associated with quartz enclosed in garnet, (ii) intergrowth with Al-rich orthopyroxene (up to 9.7 wt.% Al₂O₃), and (iii) in symplectitic intergrowth with orthopyroxene (Al₂O₃= 5.9–6.7 wt.%) and cordierite surrounding garnet. The sapphirine in association with quartz is slightly magnesian (X_Mg = 0.79–0.80) and low in Si content (1.55–1.56 pfu) as compared with those associated with orthopyroxene and cordierite (X_Mg= 0.77–0.79, Si = 1.59–1.63 pfu). The sapphirine+quartz assemblage suggests that the granulites underwent T>1050 °C peak metamorphism. Cores of porphyroblastic orthopyroxene in the sapphirine-bearing rocks shows high-Al₂O₃ content of up to 9.7 wt.%, suggesting T = 1040–1060°C and P = 8 kbar. FMAS reaction of sapphirine+quartz→garnet+sillimanite+cordierite indicates a cooling from sapphirine+quartz stability field after the peak ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism. Slightly lower temperature estimates from ternary feldspar and sapphirine-spinel geothermometers (T = 950–1000°C) also support a post-peak isobaric cooling. Corona textures of orthopyroxene+cordierite (±sapphirine), orthopyroxene+sapphirine, and cordierite+spinel around garnet suggest subsequent decompression. The sapphirine-quartz association and related textures reported in this study have important bearing on the ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism and exhumation history of the Madurai Block as well as on the tectonic evolution of the continental deep crust in southern India.     

豫西偃师南部铝土矿地质特征及控矿地质条件

偃师南部铝土矿床产于中奥陶统侵蚀面之上的石炭系本溪组中,分布于早古生代沁阳-开封坳陷与嵩山隆起过渡地带,构造环境相对稳定,沉积间断时间长,沉积相为滨海-泻湖相,风化及淋滤作用对铝土成矿物质来源及后期铝土矿品位提高起着重要作用.     

浙南沿岸海表面温度分布特征

文章根据浙南沿岸3个海洋观测站大陈、坎门、南麂站51a(1960-2010年)SST观测资料,进行统计分析,得出SST时空分布特征.结果表明,浙南沿岸的SST总体呈现北低南岛的趋势,冬季南北差异最小,夏季南北差异最大:51a年浙南沿岸SST总体呈现上升趋势,上升速率为0.017℃/a:SST变化存在3.5 a、5～6a...     

Biological Characteristics of Central Indian Basin Waters During the Southern Summer

Phytoplankton biomass, taxonomy, primary productivity, and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied as part of baseline data collection for prospective nodule mining in the Central Indian Basin during the ORV Sagar Kanya cruise SK-120 in January 1997. The phytoplankton cell counts and chlorophyll a estimates showed low biomass level, suggesting low rates of primary productivity in the region studied. The average chlorophyll a value was 0.775 mg m^?3 at surface and 17.75 mg m^?2 in the water column. Similarly, average primary productivity at surface was 3.72 mg C m^?3 d^?1 and was 51.23 mg C m^?2 d^?1 in column. The chlorophyll a maxima at 50 to 80 m was the characteristic feature of the euphotic zones of the area. Average phytoplankton counts at the surface were low (3960 cells/l), compared to those at 25 m (6421 cells/l) and 75 m (5187 cells/l). At most of the stations mesozooplankton biomass was maximum in the top 50 m water column, indicating the importance of grazing in the euphotic zone. Appreciable quantities of mesozooplankton were observed below the euphotic zone, where settlement of chlorophyll a occurs. The low iron concentration in the water and its relationship with the water column productivity were correlated. The results show that waters in the CIB have low productivity in the surface as well as subsurface layers. This is expected to change in this case of a mining discharge in to these layers, possibly locally affecting the existing marine ecosystems. The final impact of such mining activity may remain negligible in the deep sea environment.     

宁芜南部成矿模式及对深部找矿的思考

通过对长江中下游Fe-Cu-Au多金属重要成矿带的宁芜、大冶铁矿成矿模式和成矿地质背景的分析,按照成矿系列中缺位预测的原则,认为在宁芜盆地南段的岩体存在双层结构,与上层岩体有关的矿床为典型的"玢岩铁矿";深部下层岩体具有"大冶式"铁矿相似的成矿地质环境;在此基础上,提出了在宁芜玢岩铁矿下部有大冶式铁矿存在的认识,并构建了宁芜盆地南段"丰"字型成矿模式。认为采用"模式"类比、立体填图、综合物探方法进行综合探测将具有较好的找矿效果。     

伊犁盆地南缘构造活动及对砂岩型铀矿的制约:来自磷灰石裂变径与U-Pb定年的证据

为了探讨伊犁盆地南缘构造活动与铀成矿关系,通过采取砂岩型铀矿含矿层砂岩样品,利用磷灰石裂变径迹热年代学与U-Pb等时线定年的方法,对伊犁盆地南缘构造活动与砂岩型铀矿成矿年龄进行了研究。研究结果表明：①伊犁盆地南缘自中生代以来经历了三期强烈的隆升—剥蚀事件,三叠纪末—中侏罗世、晚侏罗世—早白垩世、中新世—现今,对应印支末期、燕山期与喜马拉雅期三期构造活动;②盆地南缘中—西段砂岩型铀矿成矿年龄可分为158~153 Ma、108~60.5 Ma、55~15 Ma,12~0.3 Ma四期,盆地东段铀成矿年龄比较新,为7.8~5.5 Ma之间;③盆地南缘构造活动时间与铀成矿年龄具有非常好的对应性,将伊犁盆地南缘铀成矿作用过程划分为三个阶段,物源区快速抬升—含矿建造形成期及铀的预富集阶段、主成矿阶段、后生叠加改造阶段。