PSZJ-1型声波全波列测井仪在固井质量检测中应用

PSZJ-1声波全波列测井仪是煤炭系统首台小口径固井质量检查测井仪器,可用于测量自然伽马、套管接箍、声波时差、声幅、声波全波列五种参数。在固井质量检查测井时,根据声幅测井曲线的高（〉90%）和低（〈10%）以及声波变密度测井图上有无波形或波形的规则程度,可有效检查水泥环胶结质量,评价第一界面和第二界面的胶结情况。二个实例表明该仪器在固井质量检测中具有较好的应用效果。     

Multiscale segmentation of well logs

Examination of well logs leads to the observation that they exhibit characteristic behavior over a wide range of scales, differing from a foot to hundreds of feet. This behavior is not accounted for in conventional segmentation methods. The segmentation method that is proposed here aims to solve this problem. It is based on a multiscale representation of the well log. This is a representation of the well log at different levels of smoothness. The behavior of edges, which are associated with extrema of the first derivative, across scales is of great importance in the segmentation. Analysis of this behavior leads to a multiscale segmentation of the well log, in which a fine-scale segment is a part of one coarse scale segment only. In this way the geologist is able to analyze the log at different scales simultaneously. An extension of this approach is not to preserve all fine-scale information but to zoom in only on parts of the log where it is considered to be of interest.     

测井技术在泰安姚庄油页岩勘探中的识别应用

油页岩是一种很有前景的油气资源,测井技术是油页岩矿勘探开发的关键技术。该文依托姚庄地区油页岩矿钻孔的测井工作,通过对典型钻孔zk002的测井资料进行分析对比,得出测井曲线的变化与岩层有机质含量的关系,识别出地层岩性,并定出含油页岩层厚度,其结果与地质岩心钻探结果基本一致,因此,测井技术能较好地识别含油页岩层。     

The present-day stress field of New South Wales,Australia

The Australian continent displays the most complex pattern of present-day tectonic stress observed in any major continental area. Although plate boundary forces provide a well-established control on the large-scale (>500 km) orientation of maximum horizontal stress (S_Hmax), smaller-scale variations, caused by local forces, are poorly understood in Australia. Prior to this study, the World Stress Map database contained 101 S_Hmax orientation measurements for New South Wales (NSW), Australia, with the bulk of the data coming from shallow engineering tests in the Sydney Basin. In this study we interpret present-day stress indicators analysed from 58.6 km of borehole image logs in 135 coal-seam gas and petroleum wells in different sedimentary basins of NSW, including the Gunnedah, Clarence-Moreton, Sydney, Gloucester, Darling and Bowen–Surat basins. This study provides a refined stress map of NSW, with a total of 340 (A–E quality) S_Hmax orientations consisting of 186 stress indicators from borehole breakouts, 69 stress measurements from shallow engineering methods, 48 stress indicators from drilling-induced fractures, and 37 stress indicators from earthquake focal mechanism solutions. We define seven stress provinces throughout NSW and determine the mean orientation of the S_Hmax for each stress province. The results show that the S_Hmax is variable across the state, but broadly ranges from NE–SW to ESE–WNW. The S_Hmax is approximately E–W to ESE–WNW in the Darling Basin and Southeastern Seismogenic Zone that covers the west and south of NSW, respectively. However, the present-day S_Hmax rotates across the northeastern part of NSW, from approximately NE–SW in the South Sydney and Gloucester basins to ENE–WSW in the North Sydney, Clarence-Moreton and Gunnedah basins. Comparisons between the observed S_Hmax orientations and Australian stress models in the available literature reveal that previous numerical models were unable to satisfactorily predict the state of stress in NSW. Although clear regional present-day stress trends exist in NSW, there are also large perturbations observed locally within most stress provinces that demonstrate the significant control on local intraplate sources of stress. Local S_Hmax perturbations are interpreted to be due to basement topography, basin geometry, lithological contrasts, igneous intrusions, faults and fractures. Understanding and predicting local stress perturbations has major implications for determining the most productive fractures in petroleum systems, and for modelling the propagation direction and vertical height growth of induced hydraulic fractures in simulation of unconventional reservoirs.     

基于水资源生态足迹的浑河流域水资源利用评价

用水资源生态足迹模型计算浑河流域2005~2013年水资源生态足迹和水资源生态承载力,并基于各评价指标对浑河流域水资源利用情况进行评价。结果表明:2005~2013年浑河流域水资源生态足迹呈现不显著的下降趋势,水资源生态承载力呈现波动变化;流域一直处于水资源生态赤字状态,仅在2010年出现盈余;流域水资源生态足迹指数低于可持续发展足迹指数范围,但万元GDP水资源生态足迹持续下降。总体来看,流域水资源利用处于不可持续状态,但2010年后流域水资源利用效率明显提高,并向着可持续的方向发展。     

Use of mixed bivariate distributions for deriving inter‐station correlation coefficients of rain rate

Even though rain rate is notorious for its spatial and temporal intermittency, its effect on the second‐order statistics of rain rate, especially the inter‐station correlation coefficients, has not been intensively evaluated before. This study has derived and compared the inter‐station correlation coefficient of rain rate for three cases of data: (1) only the positive measurements at both locations; (2) the positive measurements at either one or both locations; (3) all the measurements including zero measurement at both locations. For these three cases, the inter‐station correlation coefficients are analytically derived by applying the mixed bivariate log‐normal distribution. As an application example, the model parameters are estimated using the rain rate data collected at the Geum River basin, Korea, and the resulting inter‐station correlation coefficients are evaluated and compared with those estimated by applying the Gaussian distribution. We could find that highly biased inter‐station correlation coefficients are unavoidable when simply estimating them under the assumption of Gaussian distribution, or even when using the log‐transformed rain rate data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

国内外土壤环境调查声波钻机研究进展及发展探讨

主要论述了声波钻进技术在理论以及应用方面的研究进展。阐述了声波钻进技术的发展历程;其次调研并对比了国内外声波钻机代表机型,分析得出国内同类钻机存在的不足。分析了声波钻机在土壤环境调查中的应用,可满足不同地层的连续完整原位弱扰动采样要求。探讨了声波钻机研发方向,如高频声波动力头双振子结构和复合橡胶减振材料的研发,以稳定达标150 Hz高振频并增强动力头寿命;抗疲劳、抗冲击铬钼合金材料的研发,以解决高振频下钻具疲劳损伤问题;故障诊断识别和自动修复、远程无人化操作和挥发性有机污染物在线监测系统的研发,以提升高频声波钻机的智能化和自动化水平。