基于“遥感、大数据、互联网+城乡规划”的“智慧规划”创新模式的探索——以东莞市为例

"遥感、大数据、互联网+"等新技术集成应用,极大地丰富了数据获取来源,为城乡规划提供了新的分析方法。本文以东莞市为例,总结了东莞市城乡规划信息化与新技术应用的发展历程,结合新技术的应用时代背景,揭示了存在的问题,并为探索基于"遥感、大数据、互联网+城乡规划"的"智慧规划"创新模式提出了建议,为加强城市规划建设管理,提升城市品质提供技术基础,同时为中小城市的规划信息化及新技术应用提供借鉴。     

Anticipatory logics of the smart city’s global imaginary

The smart city encompasses a broad range of technological innovations which might be applied to any city for a wide variety of reasons. In this article, I make a distinction between local efforts to reshape the urban landscape, and a global smart city imaginary which those efforts draw upon and help sustain. While attention has been given to the malleability of the smart city concept at this global scale, there remains little effort to interrogate the way that the future is used to sanction specific solutions. Through a critical engagement with smart city marketing materials, industry documents, and consultancy reports, I explore how the future is recruited, rearranged, and represented as a rationalization for technological intervention in the present. This is performed amidst three recurring crises: massive demographic shifts and subsequent resource pressures, global climate change, and the conflicting demands of fiscal austerity that motivate the desire of so many cities to attract foreign direct investment and highly skilled workers. In revealing how crises are pre-empted, precautioned, and prepared for, I argue that the smart city imaginary normalizes a style and scale of response deemed appropriate under liberal capitalism.     

《湖北省标准地名图集》的设计与编制

《湖北省标准地名图集》是湖北省第一部以标准地名为主题的专题地图集,汇集了最新的行政区划、地名普查、行政区域界线和基础地理信息成果,详细表示了各类标准地名的分布.从图集内容和结构编排、内容设计特点、编制技术创新、版式与装帧设计等方面介绍了图集的设计和编制情况,探讨了标准地名图集的设计思想以及智慧制图技术,为今后标准地名图...     

基于LBS和深度学习的旅游景区客流量的高时频预测

为实现精准的旅游景区客流量的高时频预测,本研究构建了一套基于LBS和深度学习模型的预测方法。此方法可通过对LBS数据的转换实现预测的空间范围与时频控制,并通过方法的核心模型——基于双向循环神经网络和GRU算法构建的深度双向GRU(DBi-GRU)模型完成预测。为检验方法的有效性,研究以深圳大梅沙海滨公园为例对方法进行实验测试。实验使用拟合曲线、误差指标及DM检验3种方法评估DBi-GRU模型的预测效果。此外,实验还设置了其他五种深度学习模型作为DBi-GRU的对照模型,测试基于不同深度学习算法的模型之间的预测水平差异。实验结果表明:(1)本研究提出的DBi-GRU模型在景区客流量高时频预测中具有理想的预测效果,在高峰时段的客流量预测方面也具有较高准确性,预测效果明显优于其他深度学习模型;(2)基于双向循环网络的模型的效果普遍优于基于常规循环网络的模型。尤其是基于双向LSTM算法的模型,虽然预测的准确度略逊色于DBi-GRU模型,但在模型性能上与其的差异并不显著;(3)在相同网络参数下,GRU算法较前人采用的LSTM和RNN算法有着更高的预测准确性。本研究为客流量预测领域的研究提供了一种...     

利用DPGrid系统制作1∶500正射影像图

利用了DPGrid系统,实现了新疆奎屯市城区1∶500数字正射影像图生产,试验表明其可以实现城市大比例尺数字正射影像图的高效率生产。     

Laboratory study on cement admixed marine silt bricks

For the purpose of efficient utilization of sediments dredged from harbor, a new method was proposed in this study. Marine silt bricks were made by mixing sediments with cement and gypsum, placing it in a cubic mold with 240 mm in length, 115 mm in width, and 53 mm in height, and curing for certain days. To investigate the effects of cement and initial water content of soil on the mechanical behavior of marine silt bricks, unconfined compressive and flexural strength tests were carried out. Given the same curing time and cement content, the higher the initial water content, the lower the compressive and flexural strength. After 60 days of curing, the compressive strength of marine silt bricks with cement content = 20% and water content = LL (liquid limit) reached approximately 5 MPa. The flexural strength was relatively low. The flexural strength of marine silt bricks with 20% cement and water content = LL was around 1.5 MPa. The compressive and flexural strength decreased with the increase of water/cement ratio. As for the curing time, longer curing time had a positive impact on the compressive strength. The ratio of flexural to compressive strength varied slightly in the range of 0.4–0.5.     

智慧低碳城镇研究进展

智慧低碳城镇是城市健康可持续发展研究的热点和前沿。本文利用文献计量方法和通过对相关文献资料的回顾,梳理总结了智慧低碳城镇的研究概况、含义、测度方法和指标体系、应用实践、基本模式和主要政策。结果表明：智慧低碳城镇研究尚处于初期起步阶段,虽然众多应用实践已进入规划、试点和示范阶段,政策支持也不断充足完善,但迄今尚无确切统一的定义,缺乏通用性和权威性的指标体系,发展机制和模式研究较少。因此,未来应在明晰基本含义的基础上,构建适用的测度评价体系,并注重相应的动力机制、模式路径和模拟优化调控研究,为城市的健康可持续发展提供科学依据。     

The Concept and Development of Smart Structures Technologies for Long-span Cable-supported Bridges

This article presents an overview of smart structures technologies in connection with long-span cable-supported bridges. Considering the broad scope of the smart structures technologies, two subareas, namely, structural health monitoring and structural control technologies, and their applications in long-span cable supported bridges, are identified as the focus of this review. It is believed that by, adopting the smart structures technologies, reliable operation and hazard management of long-span bridges can be achieved much more efficiently and can be made economically feasible, especially for bridges located at sites with high risks of severe natural hazardous events, such as those facing the bridges of the Taiwan Strait Crossing project. The feasibility of and practical issues in implementing the smart structures technologies in the design and construction of long-span cable-supported bridges are also discussed here. Considering the time span of the construction of the Taiwan Strait Crossing, some of the innovative technologies with a high potential for future long-span bridge applications, while still at the stage of exploratory research at the time of writing, are also examined as it is believed these technologies might have become prevalent by the completion time of the Taiwan Strait Crossing project.     

基于DEM的中国陆地多年平均温度插值方法

以1961~2000年全国726个气象站点旬平均温度为基础数据,在分析了多年月平均温度和年平均温度的空间分布与经度、纬度、高度的内在关系后,提出了一种基于DEM和智能搜索距离的温度空间插值方法(SSI),并与反距离平方(IDS) 等传统方法进行了对比。交叉验证结果表明:1) 传统的IDS方法最优结果的MAE范围是1.44 oC~1.63 oC,平均1.510C;而SSI温度插值方法的平均绝对误差为0.53 oC~0.92 oC,平均值0.69 oC,精度超过IDS等方法一倍以上。2) 随着距离的增大,站点间温度的相关性逐渐降低,会降低估算精度;小于一定的搜索半径,被估算点周围的相邻站点的数目逐渐减少,同样会降低插值的精度,因而对中国陆地部分温度插值而言,最优的空间插值搜索半径介于150~250 km之间。最后,结合DEM数据,生成了0.1o ×0.1o中国陆地区域多年月平均和年平均温度栅格图像数据集,该结果表明:利用SSI方法不仅可以生成高精度、高空间分辨率的网格温度结果,而且其插值结果能客观细致的反映温度随经度、纬度和高度梯度变化的地带性特征。     

时空数据的组织与应用研究

时空数据是智慧城市各个领域实现智能化的关键性支撑技术,智慧城市的建设离不开时空数据。本文以智能应用为导向,提出了时空数据的组织模型,构建了智慧城市时空大数据计算、分析、服务框架,实现了时空数据全生命周期的高效管理与智能应用。