基于压缩感知重构算法的大地电磁强干扰分离

为压制大地电磁信号中的强人文干扰,提出一种基于压缩感知重构算法的大地电磁信号去噪方法.通过构建与常见典型强干扰相匹配而对有用信号不敏感的冗余字典原子,利用改进的正交匹配追踪算法,分离出大地电磁信号中的强干扰成分.为了验证所述方法的强干扰分离效果,首先通过在实测大地电磁信号中加入理想的强干扰信号进行了仿真分离实验,然后从大量实测数据中选取三种含有不同类型强干扰的时间域片段,用所述方法对实测数据中的强干扰进行分离,最后将所述方法应用于青海试验点以及庐枞矿集区某测点实测数据的综合处理.仿真实验结果表明,该方法在分离出强干扰的同时,能够较好地保留有用信号.实测数据处理结果表明,该方法能够有效压制强干扰,改善强干扰区大地电磁数据的质量.

     

Damage assessment through structural identification of a three‐story large‐scale precast concrete structure

This paper investigates the damage assessment of a three‐story half‐scale precast concrete building resembling a parking garage through structural identification. The structure was tested under earthquake‐type loading on the NEES large high‐performance outdoor shake table at the University of California San Diego in 2008. The tests provide a unique opportunity to capture the dynamic performance of precast concrete structures built under realistic boundary conditions. The effective modal parameters of the structure at different damage states have been identified from white‐noise and scaled earthquake test data with the assumption that the structure responded in a quasi‐linear manner. Modal identification has been performed using the deterministic‐stochastic subspace identification method based on the measured input–output data. The changes in the identified modal parameters are correlated to the observed damage. In general, the natural frequencies decrease, and the damping ratios increase as the structure is exposed to larger base excitations, indicating loss of stiffness, development/propagation of cracks, and failure in joint connections. The analysis of the modal rotations and curvatures allowed the localization of shear and flexural damages respectively and the checking of the effectiveness of repair actions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GPS自适应天线阵在动态实时抗干扰中的应用研究

结合载体的姿态测量数据，采用GPS天线阵技术判别干扰，利用自适应算法调整天线阵的波束角以抑制、剔除干扰，从而提高了GPS动态实时定位的精度和可靠性，仿真结果表明，这种方法对不同方向的干扰信号都有较高的抑制比。     

磁共振T2加权低信号机理及临床诊断价值

目的：对Ｔ２加权低信号产生机理及临床诊断价值进行探讨。方法：应用ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ １．０Ｔ磁共振成像仪,采用ＴＲ１８００－２０００ｍｓ／ＴＥ８０－１５０ｍｓ获取Ｔ２加权像。结果：３０例急性出血;６０例慢性出血;２例黑色素瘤;１０例肝硬化结节;视网膜母细胞瘤５例,其它１５例,结论：Ｔ２加权低信号对疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。     

井下地震计信号方位角硬件校正方案设计

设计一种井下地震计信号方位角校正方案,直接对地震计的输出进行校正,使数据采集器记录到的数据即为仪器方位角符合要求时的信号。基于MATLAB程序的Simulink仿真工具箱计算结果表明,本文方案可应用于校正井下地震计方位角偏差,具有较高的可行性。     

1954年长江巨洪中物理因子的叠加作用

分析了形成1954年长江巨洪的物理因子,指出现有研究主要侧重单个物理因子对1954年长江巨洪的影响。事实上,1954年长江巨洪是这些因子叠加作用的结果,并且因子越多,叠加作用越强,巨洪的量级也就越大。     

精密控制机械震源在地下介质变化监测中的应用研究现状

阐述了精密控制机械震源(ACROSS)的工作原理、发展历程、工作模式及信号检测等,介绍了国际上利用ACROSS开展观测实验的研究现状,并针对地震危险区域,提出可利用ACROSS进行地下精细结构探测及其动态变化监测研究,增强孕震环境和发震机理的认识水平,为地震物理预报研究提供了一种潜在的技术途径。     

新疆近50a来的气温和蒸发变化

根据77处国家水文、气象站点观测资料,分析了新疆不同地区近50a来气温和蒸发两个气候要素的变化.结果表明,新疆近50a来的气温呈上升趋势,平均增长率为0.27℃·10a^-1.1987年以后的平均气温较1986年以前有明显升高,尤其是北疆西部、北部和东疆地区增幅较大,达0.6～1.6℃.新疆各季平均气温的变幅以冬季为最大,夏季最小,但各季总体上均呈上升趋势.新疆年蒸发量和干旱指数的变化总体呈下降趋势,反映出气候转湿的信号.     

Determination of Sm‐Nd Isotopic Compositions in Fifteen Geological Materials Using Laser Ablation MC‐ICP‐MS and Application to Monazite Geochronology of Metasedimentary Rock in the North China Craton

In this study, we report both ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd and ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd values in twelve minerals (apatite, titanite, monazite and eudialyte) based on analyses over 4 years using LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS. The positive correlation between the measured β_Sm and β_Nd (r² = 0.9981) over this time in our laboratory demonstrates the excellent long‐term stability of the method. Compared with the normal method, Sm and Nd signal intensities were improved by a factor of 2.9 with the use of X skimmer and Jet sample cones in combination with the addition of nitrogen at 3–6 ml min^?1 to the central gas flow. The enhancement of signal intensity benefits the accurate in situ determination of the Sm‐Nd isotopes of samples poor in these elements. ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd values were also determined in two manganese nodules and GSMC Co‐rich crust with low mass fractions of Nd (94–293 μg g^?1). Generally, most of the obtained Sm‐Nd isotopic compositions in these geological materials are consistent with published values. ‘External reproducibility’ (2s) of ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd and ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd was typically better than 0.06‰ and 2.5‰, respectively, demonstrating that the Durango, Otter Lake, NW‐1 and MAD apatites, the Khan, and OLT‐1 titanites, MGMH#117531 monazite and LV01 eudialyte are promising candidate reference materials for in situ Sm‐Nd isotopic determinations. The Trebilcock, Mae Klang and 44069 monazites are only suitable for in situ Nd isotopic determinations because of their heterogeneous Sm/Nd compositions. The heterogeneous Sm‐Nd composition of titanite BLR‐1 demonstrates that it is not a suitable reference material for in situ Sm‐Nd isotopic determinations. Deep‐sea samples (NOD‐A‐1 and NOD‐P‐1 manganese nodule, GSMC Co‐rich crust) with low mass fractions of Nd also show homogenous Nd isotopic compositions. Sm‐Nd isotopic ratios of a monazite (MQG‐22) from the North China Craton were measured as a case study and gave a ¹⁴⁷Sm‐¹⁴³Nd isochron age of 1792 ± 35 Ma (MSWD = 3.2) consistent with the published metamorphic age of the host metasedimentary rocks. The results for both candidate reference materials and geological samples demonstrate that the in situ LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS analytical protocol described is feasible and robust for research in geological evolution.