基于L波段探空的云区边界识别改进算法

利用气象业务中使用的L波段探空数据和毫米波云雷达观测资料,分析探空相对湿度在入云和出云时的变化规律,提出一种基于探空相对湿度阈值与梯度相结合的云区边界识别改进算法,并利用云雷达观测数据对算法识别结果进行验证.利用北京市南郊观象台2019年1—6月层状云样本验证分析,结果表明:改进算法相比相对湿度阈值法,对云区边界识别更...     

电离层斜测数据集

电离层斜测数据集包括F₂层临界频率数据和最大电子密度空间分布图,来源于中国地震电离层监测试验网观测数据。2008年汶川地震后,中国地震局地震预测研究所和中国电子科技集团第22研究所,在国防科技工业电波环境观测站网原有的稀疏发射站网基础上,根据地震重点监测区带分布和区域数据覆盖能力的双重需要,利用电离层对地基发射信号的反射特性,在华北5个电离层垂测发射站的基础上,建立了20个电离层斜测接收站,形成100条发射—接收链路,达到以经济手段取得电离层加密监测的效果。数据由接收台站接收后,汇聚到北京数据中心,并建立Oracle数据库,将数据入库。通过人工判读,生成可应用的电离层斜测观测数据。此数据集通过数据共享网站提供数据共享服务,可为地震系统内部各省地震局和研究所进行地震监测预测研究以及系统外部科研机构和院校电离层观测研究提供基础数据。     

地基GPS水汽反演昆明地区加权平均温度的模型建立

本文根据长期的气象探空资料通过数值积分的方法算出每个时次的加权平均温度,然后在此基础上对Bevis回归经验公式进行订正;在加权平均温度模型的建立中,计算公式中系数a、b的求解由计算软件根据最小二乘原理快速结算。最后通过相应的数据模拟计算证明这种方法可以确定出适合昆明本地区的加权平均温度计算模型。     

An algorithm for automatic cartographic sounding selection

Soundings on nautical charts provide information about the shape of ocean bottom between chart depth curves. A single chart may have thousands of soundings posted on it. This paper describes a new algorithm for selecting soundings automatically. At first, the problem encountered in automatic cartographic sounding selection is presented. Then the authors give the principle of the new algorithm, and the implementation is illuminated in detail. At last the experiments prove the rationality and efficiency of the new algorithm.     

Integration of remote sensing and electrical sounding data for hydrogeological exploration—a case study of Bakhar watershed,India / Intégration de données de télédétection et de sondages électriques pour l'exploration hydrogéologique—étude de cas du bassin versant de Bakhar,Inde

Abstract

A geographical information system (GIS) was used for the integration of hydrological data acquired using remote sensing and geoelectrical techniques to understand the groundwater condition of Bakhar watershed, Mirazpur District, UP, India. Indian remote sensing IRS-1D, LISS—III data were used to prepare a geomorphological and lineament map of the Bakhar watershed. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out in different geomorphic units, and ranges of electrical resistivity values were assigned to the different formations by calibrating electrical resistivity with borehole data. Based on these, a subsurface resistivity map and an aquifer thickness map were prepared. Several layers were superimposed using GIS techniques. Each theme was assigned a weight, depending on its influence on groundwater recharge. Each class or unit in the map was assigned a knowledge-based rank from one to four, depending on its significance in storage and transmittance of groundwater, and these were then multiplied by the layer weighting to produce a score. Based on these scores, the watershed was categorized into different groundwater potential zones. The results indicate that the eastern and northern parts of the study area have very good groundwater potential to meet the demands of water for irrigation and domestic purposes, whereas the southern region has poor groundwater potential zones. Such integrated analysis has not been attempted so far in this region for hydrogeological investigation.     

Cyclonic-anticyclonic asymmetry and a new soliton concept for rossby vortices in the laboratory,oceans and the atmospheres of giant planets

Abstract

It is demonstrated in laboratory experiments with rotating shallow water that large scale Rossby vortices, greater than the Rossby-Obukhov radius in size, have dispersive and non-linear properties that are fundamentally different for the two possible polarities. We call this “cyclonic-anticyclonic asymmetry”. This asymmetry manifests itself in the following way: first, anticylones, unlike cyclones, do not undergo the dispersive spreading inherent in a linear wave packet. and therefore, having a considerably longer natural lifetime, are obvious candidates for Rossby solitons; second, dipolar vortices are, because of the comparatively rapid decay of a cyclone, transformed into anticyclonic solitons; third, anticyclones are much more readily generated by zonal flows of the type existing in planetary atmospheres. The evident dominance of anticyclones amongst the long-lived vortices in the atmospheres of giant planets strongly suggests that the cyclonic-anticyclonic symmetry plays a decisive role in the atmospheric cyclogenesis of large planets.

According to our concept, the Rossby soliton is a “real” vortex; unlike a wave, it retains some fluid particles within it throughout its lifetime. Two similar solitons can merge by mutual collisions. This picture of a “vortical” soliton differs in an essential way from the earlier idea due to Maxworthy and Redekopp (1976) of purely “wave-like” Rossby solitons that can freely pass through one another.

Laboratory experiments were performed by us to simulate the new Rossby solition, with special reference to naturally-occurring vortices of the same general type as Jupiter's great red spot. The experimental data presented contradict the idea of “pure wave solitons” but confirm our concept of “vortical solutions”.     

浅覆盖城市经济区立体填图最新进展——浙江1∶5万鸣鹤镇、澥浦镇、慈城镇、鄞江镇、姜山镇幅区调项目成果

本文结合浙江1∶5万鸣鹤镇、澥浦镇、慈城镇、鄞江镇、姜山镇幅区调项目实际材料,系统论述了浅覆盖城市经济区立体填图的内容、方法、手段和工作程序,总结了慈城测区区域地质调查项目组浅覆盖区立体填图的方法与经验,论述了浅覆盖城市经济区立体填图最新进展,可供城市经济区地质调查和浅覆盖区三维立体填图借鉴.     

裸露岩溶区地下河管道综合地球物理方法探测研究

本文选取桂林市海洋乡裸露岩溶区地下河管道分别进行了可控源音频大地电磁法、三极电测深法和充电法试验对比研究,其综合成果得到了钻探验证.试验研究表明,充电法对具有出口、进口或天窗的地下暗河定位追踪准确,效果明显.可控源音频大地电磁法探测深度大,横向分辨率高,对寻找深部构造破碎带具有独特的优势.三极测电深法受场地条件、高阻围岩和地形起伏影响较大,不能满足对地下暗河的定位要求.     

线圈中心近区频率域电磁测深数值模拟研究

论述了一种在线圈中心测量磁场垂直分量的近区频率域电磁测深方法的原理及一维正演数值模拟研究结果.推导出线圈中心近区频域电磁法的视电阻率表达式,提出了在线圈中心测量磁场垂直分量频域电磁法的基本思路,利用MATLAB编程进行一维正演模拟,先后正演模拟了7种有代表性的地电模型.结果表明:此方法对层状地电构造的电性参数和厚度变化比较敏感,分辨力较高,对二层断面的上层厚度和基底电性分辨,对三层断面的中间层的电性和厚度变化分辨比较清楚,是一种有前景的近区频率域电磁测深方法.