上海地区沿海岸线工程受相对海平面上升影响浅析

由于受全球变暖和人类活动加剧的影响,预计到２０５０年上海地区海平原相对升高５０￣７０ｃｍ,这会给包括堤坝在内的沿海岸线工程带来新的危害：包括地下水位抬升引起浅基础承载力下降、砂土地震液化加剧和建筑物陷加重、堤坝标准、威胁堤坝安全等问题。从定量的角度研究分析上述危害的严重性,提出综合措施。     

埕岛油田动力电缆的铺设环境和方案分析

根据统计资料阐明了胜利埕岛油田所在海域全年春夏秋冬各个季节风浪、潮汐、海流产生机理和方向及黄河三角洲区域对其诸要素的影响。同时 ,介绍了在深水及浅水区域目前国内几种海底电缆的铺设工艺 ,从施工机械到水动力学原理对挖沟的应用进行了技术上的分析 ,指出了每种施工工艺的优劣 ,选择了较为理想的电缆埋设工艺和定位技术 ,确保了 35k V 3× 1 85mm2 电缆入泥深度和铺设轨迹。由于选择了较为合适的铺缆方法 ,施工电缆实际长度误差控制在设计长度的 1 %范围内 ,进而大大节省了一次投资的费用 ,创造了较好的经济效益。此种工艺的选择和推广必将为海上油田的开发做出较大的贡献     

A study on theory of second-order adjoint model

The adjoint approach, one of the variational data assimilation (VDA) methods, is now widely used for fitting numerical models of meteorology and oceanography tO the observaions. The fundamental idea is to minimize a cost function, which is sum of Squares in the differences betweenthe data and their model counterparts, by adjllsting the independent model variables such as initialvalue, boundary value and Parameters. The numerical model is an operator maPPing the independent model variables i…     

Wave Numerical Model for Shallow Water

The history of forecasting wind waves by wave energy conservation equation is briefly des-cribed.Several currently used wave numerical models for shallow water based on different wave theoriesare discussed.Wave energy conservation models for the simulation of shallow water waves are introduced,with emphasis placed on the SWAN model,which takes use of the most advanced wave research achieve-ments and has been applied to several theoretical and field conditions.The characteristics and applicabilityof the model,the finite difference numerical scheme of the action balance equation and its source termscomputing methods are described in detail.The model has been verified with the propagation refractionnumerical experiments for waves propagating in following and opposing currents;finally.the model is ap-plied to the Haian Gulf area to simulate the wave height and wave period field there,and the results arecompared with observed data.     

Changes in fossil midge (Chironomidae) assemblages in response to cultural activities in a shallow, polymictic lake

Chironomid (Diptera: Chironomidae) head capsules were studied from a core of recent sediments from shallow, macrophyte-dominated Lake Opinicon, Ontario, Canada, to determine if assemblages have changed in response to lake-level changes and other watershed disturbances, including deforestation and agriculture. Our results indicate that the construction of the Rideau Canal in the early 1830s and subsequent flooding of Lake Opinicon has had the greatest impact on this system, but that even this disturbance did not greatly affect chironomid assemblages. Despite other significant cultural disturbances in the watershed, the lake sediments have recorded only minor changes in its recent history, providing support for the hypothesis of alternative lake equilibria. These results correspond well with diatom inferences of only minor changes in past lake trophic status.     

高速公路连拱隧道开挖地表沉降研究

对隧道开挖引起的地表沉降模型进行总结,详细地调查和分析了金丽温高速公路红枫连拱隧道工程区的地质特征,系统研究了在偏压条件下连拱隧道开挖引起的地表沉降规律,对红枫隧道开挖引起的地表沉降进行研究,建立了偏压条件下连拱隧道分步开挖引起的地表沉降预测模型,对不同开挖工况下的差异沉降进行分析,证明该预测模型比较真实的反映了在偏压及浅埋条件下连拱隧道开挖引起的地表沉降规律,为浅埋连拱隧道开挖过程中防止地表过度变形提供理论基础。     

浅埋大跨隧道施工力学响应模拟与监测分析

以沪－蓉－西庙垭分岔隧道为工程背景,采用三维快速拉格朗日差分法(FLAC3D)对其浅埋大跨段施工开挖力学响应进行了数值模拟,分析了开挖后围岩的应力场和位移场特征,并结合现场围岩变形和支护结构性态的现场监测,研究了典型地质代表断面的施工力学状态,获得一些有益的结论,对实际工程进行直接指导并为同类工程提供参考。     

坡面土壤侵蚀过程研究进展

基于土壤侵蚀发生方式,重点评述了坡面雨滴溅蚀、薄层水流侵蚀、细沟侵蚀和浅沟侵蚀的研究进展,指出了各自研究中存在的问题,并提出坡面侵蚀过程中亟待加强的研究领域。     

滨浅海单波束测深潮汐改正的方法

单波束测深仪在现在的海上地质调查中被广泛应用,潮汐校正是必不可少的内容。我们给出一种利用潮汐预报值进行潮汐改正的方法和过程,并介绍该方法在黄河三角洲环境地质补充调查项目中的应用。     

浅海声信道文本信息传输研究

论文首先介绍浅海声信道声传输的基本特性,指出在此类信道中进行多媒体信息传输的特殊困难.随后论述了文本信息传输所具有的抗噪声、抗起伏等优良性能,较能适应于水声信道的复杂性和多变性,但属于较高速率的文本信息传输,多途干扰仍然是文本信息正确检测的根本障碍.文中分析了频率跳变技术克服时域扩散较短的浅海多途的可行性和需解决的关键技术.海上获得的初步实验结果说明了文本信息传输所具有的优越性,值得今后继续深入的研究.