Dataset of Comparative Observations for Land Surface Processes over the Semi-Arid Alpine Grassland against Alpine Lakes in the Source Region of the Yellow River

Thousands of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP) play a critical role in the regional water cycle, weather, and climate. In recent years, the areas of TP lakes underwent drastic changes and have become a research hotspot. However, the characteristics of the lake-atmosphere interaction over the high-altitude lakes are still unclear, which inhibits model development and the accurate simulation of lake climate effects. The source region of the Yellow River(SRYR) has the largest outflow lake and freshw...     

ArcGIS影像管理解决方案浅析

面对规模日益庞大的影像数据集合,提供一个高效的数据管理模式或配置一个高效的数据库管理系统,能够向用户提供影像可视化和快速查询功能,是影像数据管理中需要着重解决的问题。本文通过简介ArcGIS海量影像管理的方法,分析镶嵌数据集影像数据管理模型特点,从而提出高效管理海量影像数据的方法。     

地震测点误差对地震学参量的影响分析

采用随机干扰方法，在地震观测误差容许值范围内，对地震观测资料进行人为随机干扰。在此基础上，使用干扰前后的资料对b值、η值、地震活动度S值、活动标度H值、等效地震M和频度N等6种地震学参量进行偏差分析，研究地震观测误差对地震学参量的影响。     

华北地区地震学参数预报效能分析

分析了1980年1月1日至1999年12月31日华北地区缺震曲线、4级地震频度、4级地震连续平静天数异常对华北地区中强、强震的预报效能，发现这三个参数的报对率在58％－61％之间，虚报率在28％－33％之间，R＞R0，这三个参数有较好的预报效果。     

河北省地震局的投入与产出的分析

本文根据省级地震部门的工作任务和特点，从人、财、物、地震台网建设、观测质量、科研成果、人材培养等方面对河北省地震局自组建队伍以来的投入与产出作了较深入的统计、分析。认为该局基本上做到了人尽其才，物尽其用，财尽其力，但也走过弯路。     

无线短波计算机通信网在地震数据传输中的应用

本文根据“七五”期间建立区域地震无线数据通信网的成功经验,提出建立全国地震无线短波计算机通信网的技术方案。文中对通信网系统总体结构和组网方式、通信规程、系统功能和特点进行了介绍,重点阐述了通信网软件的设计方法和主要实现技术。     

Activity–composition relations for the calculation of partial melting equilibria in metabasic rocks

A set of thermodynamic models is presented that, for the first time, allows partial melting equilibria to be calculated for metabasic rocks. The models consist of new activity–composition relations combined with end‐member thermodynamic properties from the Holland & Powell dataset, version 6. They allow for forward modelling in the system NaO–CaO–KO–FeO–MgO–AlO–SiO–HO–TiO–FeO. In particular, new activity–composition relations are presented for silicate melt of broadly trondhjemitic–tonalitic composition, and for augitic clinopyroxene with Si–Al mixing on the tetrahedral sites, while existing activity–composition relations for hornblende are extended to include KO and TiO. Calibration of the activity–composition relations was carried out with the aim of reproducing major experimental phase‐in/phase‐out boundaries that define the amphibolite–granulite transition, across a range of bulk compositions, at ≤13 kbar.     

豫北地区气温、降水变化的时空分布特征

利用中国国家级地面气象站均一化数据集中1971—2010年豫北地区28个测站的温度、降水资料,基于GIS技术对该地区温度和降水变化的时空分布特征进行研究。结果表明:豫北地区气温整体呈升高的趋势,其中冬春季节升温明显。气温变率空间分布表现为北中部增温明显,东部和西部增温幅度较小。降水变化各季节差异较大,春季降水整体呈现增加趋势,其他季节各地降水增减不一;空间变化分布特征为太行山沿线西部山区降水减少趋势明显,东部地区降水略有增加趋势。从整体变化情况来看,豫北地区的气候变化区域间差异加大,局地性变化趋向不稳定。文中用温度与降水的趋势比来分析豫北地区的干旱化发生趋势,结果发现太行山沿线干旱化趋势明显,沿黄河区域干旱化趋势较低,太行山脉和黄河是导致豫北地区气候变化区域性分布的主要地形因子。     

Extraction and Analysis of Land Cover Heterogeneity over China

Spatial heterogeneity exists in land surface at every scale, and it is one of key factors to bring uncertainty to land parameter retrieval from remote-sensed data. This paper proposed a methodology to use the boundary length among different land cover types to characterize and quantify land surface heterogeneity based on high-resolution land cover images. Then the heterogeneity feature at 1 kilometer scale in China was extracted from “GlobalLand30” land cover datasets with the spatial resolution of 30 m. The mixed structure, degree of fragmentation and intra-heterogeneity of eight main vegetation biomes from MODIS land cover product over heterogeneous surface in china were analyzed. Mountain area and ecotone are more heterogeneous than other regions. Savanna biome (average boundary length is 7 426 meters) is the most heterogeneous zone followed by forest, grass/crop and shrub biome with average boundary length of 4 323, 3 160, 1 779 meters, respectively.