地震信息的失真现象分析

随着信息在社会发展中扮演着越来越重要的角色,地震信息对社会的影响也越来越明显。本文着重分析了地震信息失真传播的成因、特点以及对策,为管理地震信息提供借鉴。     

Tornadoes in Southern Apulia (Italy)

Numerous tornadoes have traversed southern Apulia in the course of the last five centuries, causing severe damage and a significant loss of life. Historical chronicles and newspaper articles allowed more than 30 tornadic events to be identified; in particular, 26 of these have occurred during the last two centuries. In all, 24 small towns and villages of southern Apulia suffered on at least one occasion the disastrous effects of being hit by a tornado.Collated data reveals that tornadoes generally form from May to December, with the most powerful events taking place in the month of September, followed by October and November. Tornadoes generally cluster in the southernmost area of the region and typically follow a path leading from the south-west to the north-east. Path length were observed to vary from 8 to 73km, and widths ranging from 60 to 850m.The metereological analysis carried out for the events occurred after 1950, even if based on a limited data set, reveals a few typical meteorological scenarios associated with the development of tornadoes over Salento.In southern Apulia tornadoes can be classified from levels A2 to A4 in accordance with the Damage Area Scale.     

Seismicity and Tectonic Structures in the Site of Algiers and its Surroundings: A Step Towards Microzonation

— We intend to reappraise the seismogenic potential of the geologic structures in the site of Algiers and its surroundings. A compilation of a working earthquake catalogue is first made using all events reported in all previous documentation available. However for the sake of homogeneity and a certain degree of reliability of the data, only revised seismic events with epicenter coordinates, magnitude and/or intensity are included. A tectonic setting of the zone under investigation and available fault plane solutions are presented. The results obtained in previous seismological studies of the most recent earthquakes of the area are also discussed. The findings highlight the great interest to be taken in the detailed and timely assessment of the seismic hazard of Algiers and its surroundings which is made possible by the realistic modelling of the scenario seismic input.     

Seismicity of Global Tectonic Systems Obtained from the Harvard CMT Catalogue

INTRODUCTIONEarthquake is the best information source for describingthe present_daytectonic zones and stressfield of the crust,which contains comprehensive and abundant geodynamic connotations.Theresearches on global earthquakes are important for the esta…     

谈防震减灾宣传的新跨越--以山西晋城市防震减灾宣传为例

防震减灾宣传正经历一场深刻的变革,介绍了防震减灾宣传的意义,以山西晋城市防震减灾宣传的现状为例,提出了实现防震减灾宣传跨越的几种对策.     

甘东南及邻近地区地震目录的聚类分析

利用2013-01-01~2021-11-01期间甘肃甘东南及邻近地区（32°~36°N,102°~106°E）地震目录中的11 659次地震震中位置数据,使用硬聚类方法中的K-means和软聚类方法高斯混合模型GMM聚类方法对地震原始目录以及地震精定位目录的空间位置进行聚类分析。为确定最佳聚类数,使用AIC和BIC模型选择法,最终将原始目录和精定位目录分别聚类成6个和14个地震群。结果显示,精定位地震目录和GMM聚类方法结合可以更好地从地震大数据中找到具有不同空间分布特征的地震群。     

SZW系列数字温度计维护

介绍SZW系列数字温度计的原理结构,并对该仪器的维护维修记录进行整理,分类汇总仪器故障类型,总结该仪器维护的技术重点,提出仪器故障检查判断及常见故障处理方法,并提出仪器稳定运行的环境技术要求,最后给出管理维护注意事项.     

Reexamining the Seismological Implications of the Present-day Stress State of the Yingxiu-Beichuan Fault after the Wenchuan Earthquake

The present-day stress state of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault after the Wenchuan earthquake was re-estimated using measured in-situ stress data obtained after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results reveal that the gradient coefficients of principal stresses versus depth decrease from south to north along the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault, revealing that the stress level decreases from south to north. The consistency between the present-day stress levels and surface ruptures generated during the earthquake indicates that the accumulated tectonic stress beneath the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault before the Wenchuan earthquake was relieved in form of surface ruptures. This resulted in the stress remaining high in the southern section of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault but relatively low in the northern section. Abnormal high pore pressure conditions and an extremely low frictional coefficient play important role in the interpretation of the stress field adjustment and seismic events observed after the Wenchuan earthquake along this fault, according to the estimation results using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory incorporating frictional coefficients ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. To accurately estimate the seismological hazard of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault by analyzing fault instability using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory, much attention should be focused on the pore pressure conditions and the evolution state of the frictional coefficient under the present-day stress state.     

地震矩张量反演在地震观测报告中的应用

针对我国地震工作的实际需要,从１９９５年起,《中国地震台网目录和地震矩张量解》刊登了国内较大地震和全球大震的地震矩张量解和震源机制解。同时在《中国地震年报》上也刊登国内及邻区较大地震的地震长张量解和震源机制解。为了方便用户使用,本文对有关参数进行了说明。     

科学认识大地震

笔者从汶川大地震的成因出发,根据地震序列的类型、发生大地震的时间尺度和都江堰-江油断裂带对地震波的消减,以及成都平原特殊的地壳结构,认为发生大地震或大余震对成都平原的影响有限。在大地震后,随着地壳应力场的改变,可能在成都平原引发小地震,应加强对熊坡活动断裂等的监测,以及附近房地产等工程建设的管理,提高民众的防震意识。地震宏观前兆异常并不是都很明显。单一动物的异常行为,如蟾蜍或青蛙迁徙,不能构成预测地震的依据。大地震诱因是很复杂的,现阶段的科学技术还不能准确预测地震。