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81.
82.
J. Fischer M.L. Luhman S. Satyapal M.A. Greenhouse G.J. Stacey C.M. Bradford S.D. Lord J.R. Brauher S.J. Unger P.E. Clegg H.A. Smith G. Melnick J.W. Colbert M.A. Malkan L. Spinoglio P. Cox V. Harvey J.-P Suter V. Strelnitski 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1999,266(1-2):91-98
Based on far-infrared spectroscopy of a small sample of nearbyinfrared-bright and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with theISO Long Wavelength Spectrometer we find adramatic progression in ionic/atomic fine-structure emission line andmolecular/atomic absorption line characteristics in these galaxiesextending from strong [O III]52,88 m and [N III]57 m lineemission to detection of only faint [C II]158 m line emissionfrom gas in photodissociation regions in the ULIRGs. The molecularabsorption spectra show varying excitation as well, extending fromgalaxies in which the molecular population mainly occupies the groundstate to galaxies in which there is significant population in higherlevels. In the case of the prototypical ULIRG, the merger galaxy Arp220, the spectrum is dominated by absorption lines of OH, H2O, CH,and [O I]. Low [O III]88 m line flux relative to the integratedfar-infrared flux correlates with low excitation and does not appear tobe due to far-infrared extinction or to density effects. A progressiontoward soft radiation fields or very dusty H II regions may explainthese effects. 相似文献
83.
土层结构对反应谱特征周期的影响 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:17
本文选取和构造了若干有工程意义的典型场地剖面,利用目前工程上广泛应用的场地地震反应分析的一维等效线性化波动方法,计算了在不同地震动输入下的不同场地剖面的地表加速度峰值和地表速度峰值。利用计算得到的地表加速度峰值和速度峰值计算了不同场地在不同地震动输入下的反应谱的特征周期。研究了不同土层结构对地表加速度反应谱特征周期的影响,获得了一些有意义的结果。 相似文献
84.
Soil effects on peak ground acceleration, velocity and elastic response spectra (5% damping) are expressed by simple approximate relations in terms of five key parameters: (a) the fundamental vibration period of the non‐linear soil, TS, (b) the period of a bedrock site of equal thickness, Tb, (c) the predominant excitation period, Te, (d) the peak seismic acceleration at outcropping bedrock, a, and (e) the number of significant excitation cycles, n. Furthermore, another relation is proposed for the estimation of TS in terms of the soil thickness H, the average shear wave velocity of the soil V?S,o and a. The aforementioned parameters were first identified through a simplified analytical simulation of the site excitation. The multivariable approximate relations were then formulated via a statistical analysis of relevant data from more than 700 one‐dimensional equivalent‐linear seismic ground response analyses, for actual seismic excitations and natural soil conditions. Use of these relations to back‐calculate the numerical results in the database gives an estimate of their error margin, which is found to be relatively small and unbiased. The proposed relations are also independently verified through a detailed comparison with strong motion recordings from seven well‐documented case studies: (a) two sites in the San Fernando valley during the Northridge earthquake, and (b) five different seismic events recorded at the SMART‐1 accelerometer array in Taiwan. It is deduced that the accuracy of the relations is comparable to that of the equivalent‐linear method. Hence, they can be readily used as a quick alternative for routine applications, as well as for spreadsheet computations (e.g. GIS‐aided seismic microzonation studies) where numerical methods are cumbersome to implement. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
85.
The distinct element method (DEM) has been used successfully for the dynamic analysis of rigid block systems. One of many
difficulties associated with DEM is modeling of damping. In this paper, new procedures are proposed for the damping modeling
and its numerical implementation in distinct element analysis of rigid multi-block systems. The stiffness proportional damping
is constructed for the prescribed damping ratio, based on the non-zero fundamental frequency effective during the time interval
while the boundary conditions remain essentially constant. At this time interval, the fundamental frequency can be estimated
without complete eigenvalue analysis. The damping coefficients will vary while the damping ratio remains the same throughout
the entire analysis. A new numerical procedure is developed to prevent unnecessary energy loss that can occur during the separation
phases. These procedures were implemented in the development of the distinct element method for the dynamic analyses of piled
multi-block systems. The analysis results for the single-block and two-block systems were in a good agreement with the analytic
predictions. Applications to the seismic analyses of piled fourblock systems revealed that the new procedures can make a significant
difference and may lead to much-improved results. 相似文献
86.
In the UV spectra of BP Tau, GW Ori, T Tau, and RY Tau obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, we detected an inflection near 2000 Å in the F λ c (λ) curve that describes the continuum energy distribution. The inflection probably stems from the fact that the UV continuum in these stars consists of two components: the emission from an optically thick gas with T<8000 K and the emission from a gas with a much higher temperature. The total luminosity of the hot component is much lower than that of the cool component, but the hot-gas radiation dominates at λ<1800 Å. Previously, other authors have drawn a similar conclusion for several young stars from low-resolution IUE spectra. However, we show that the short-wavelength continuum is determined from these spectra with large errors. We also show that, for three of the stars studied (BP Tau, GW Ori, and T Tau), the accretion-shock radiation cannot account for the observed dependence F λ c (λ) in the ultraviolet. We argue that more than 90% of the emission continuum in BP Tau at λ>2000 Å originates not in the accretion shock but in the inner accretion disk. Previously, a similar conclusion was reached for six more classical T Tau stars. Therefore, we believe that the high-temperature continuum can be associated with the radiation from the disk chromosphere. However, it may well be that the stellar chromosphere is its source. 相似文献
87.
使用小波技术对包括恒星、近邻星系和AGN等不同的天体光谱进行了自动处理.用小波滤波的方法将光谱中的连续谱与诸线分离;然后使用小波域隐含马尔可夫模型(HMM),对已去掉连续谱的光谱进行降噪,同时得到了噪声在每个光谱中的分布;在训练HMM的过程中,使用改进的Tying方法增加训练数据以保证训练的可靠性;利用噪声分布确定出谱线信号的局部阈值,在已经降噪的光谱中找到吸收线和发射线;用高斯函数拟会出谱线的形状,标出线心的波长值,作为自动证认的基础. 相似文献
88.
南京市近地层湍流结构及输送特征研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
本文利用"城市生物气溶胶研究”中的超声风温仪观测资料,对南京市近地层大气的湍流强度、相关系数、速度谱及通量输送等进行研究,得到南京市近地层湍流结构及输送特征的一些结论. 相似文献
89.
90.
Earthquake codes have been revised and updated depending on the improvements in the representation of ground motions, soils and structures. These revisions have been more frequently seen in recent years. One of the key changes in earthquake codes has been performed on the design spectra. In this paper, the design spectra recommended by Turkish Earthquake Code and three other well known codes (Uniform Building Code, Eurocode 8, and International Building Code) are considered for comparison. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the differences caused by the use of different codes in the dynamic analysis and seismic verification of given types of buildings located at code defined different sites. The differences in expressions and some important points for elastic and inelastic spectra defined by the codes are briefly illustrated in tables and figures. Periods, base shears, lateral displacements and interstory drifts for the analyzed buildings located at code defined ground type are comparatively presented. 相似文献