圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑结构强震冲击分析模型仿真

圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑稳定性较差,不能在强震冲击下保持稳定的结构状态。为解决此问题,设计圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑结构强震下冲击分析仿真模型,通过圆柱分析法则的确定、有限元支撑模拟分析与监测、圆柱形支撑体系承载能力分析以完成模型的仿真分析与监测。基于此对大跨度建筑结构强震冲击进行静力分析,调整强震冲击下模型的结构,完成模型的搭建。模拟强震冲击环境,设计对比实验结果表明,应用圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑结构强震下冲击分析仿真模型,可明确圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑薄弱点,发现稳定性较差建筑结构单元,达到提升圆柱形支撑大跨度建筑在强震冲击下稳定性的目的。     

Corrosion behavior of anodic oxidized TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> film in seawater

TiO₂ films were formed on metallic titanium substrates by the anodic oxidation method in H₂SO₄ solution under the 80V D.C.. Phase component and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water contact angles on titanium oxide film surface were measured under both dark and sunlight illumination conditions. Corrosion tests were carried out in seawater under different illumination conditions by electrochemistry impedance spectrum (EIS) and polarization curves. The result showed that the TiO₂ film prepared by the anodic oxidation method was anatase with a uniform structure and without obvious pores or cracks on its surface. The average water contact angle of the film was 116.4° in dark, in contrast to an angle of 42.7° under the UV illumination for 2 hours, which demonstrates good hydrophobic property. The anti-corrosion behavior of the TiO₂ film was declining with the extended immersion time. Under dark conditions, however, the hydrophobic TiO₂ film retarded the water infiltrating into the substrate. The impedance changed slowly and the corrosion current density was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that with the film illuminated by sunlight. All of those mentioned above indicate that the TiO₂ film possesses much better performance under dark condition, and it can be applied as an engineering material under dark seawater environment.     

GPS 高程转换的总体最小二乘组合方法

在现有GPS高程转换的研究中,通常只采用单一的解算方法,然而,不同的计算方法由于适用的条件不同,在对同一组数据进行解算时,解算的精度也各有优劣。针对以上问题,文中提出GPS高程转换的总体最小二乘组合方法,对多种不同的高程转换方法进行组合,运用总体最小二乘法计算不同方法的权值,结合实际工程数据,验证该方法的可行性。计算结果表明,提出的方法能够有效地提高高程转换精度。     

Finite element modeling of heating phenomena of cracks excited by high-intensity ultrasonic pulses

A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled finite element model is built up to simulate the phenomena of dynamical contact and frictional heating of crack faces when the plate containing the crack is excited by high-intensity ultrasonic pulses. In the finite element model, the high-power ultrasonic transducer is modeled by using a piezoelectric thermal-analogy method, and the dynamical interaction between both crack faces is modeled using a contact-impact theory. In the simulations, the frictional heating taking place at the crack faces is quantitatively calculated by using finite element thermal-structural coupling analysis, especially, the influences of acoustic chaos to plate vibration and crack heating are calculated and analysed in detail. Meanwhile, the related ultrasonic infrared images are also obtained experimentally, and the theoretical simulation results are in agreement with that of the experiments. The results show that, by using the theoretical method, a good simulation of dynamic interaction and friction heating process of the crack faces under non-chaotic or chaotic sound excitation can be obtained.     

相关法雷达反演风场在台风监测和分析中的应用

随着我国沿海雷达网的建设,雷达资料正逐步成为沿海气象台站台风临近登陆时的一个重要监测手段。利用相关法雷达风场反演对2001年登陆台风“百合”和“飞燕”作了环流和强度估测分析。结果表明,通过适当的质量控制,该方法可以有效地反演得到台风强风分布特征,分析精度与业务中常用的卫星估测方法相当。     

双层地基水平受荷桩受力变形分析

基于双层地基中的水平受荷桩的特性,对其受力变形进行了分析。将水平受荷桩视为竖直放置的弹性地基梁,基于Winkler弹性地基梁理论,考虑桩土共同工作得到水平受荷桩位移控制微分方程及其幂级数解答,进而根据内力与位移的连续条件得到了由桩顶受力及变形条件表示任一深度处桩身的水平位移、转角、弯矩及剪力的计算矩阵表达式。通过一具体算例将幂级数解计算结果与《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》推荐的简化计算公式计算结果进行了比较。结果表明：当第1层地基土的厚度在某一定值时,《规范》简化计算方法所得结果与幂级数解接近;但当层厚不在该值附近时,两个方法计算结果存在差异。     

定量降水预报技术进展

现有的降水预报后处理方法多倾向于对整个区域开展日降水量统一订正,忽视了降水偏差的区域差异,且无法满足精细化预报业务需求。在综合评估中国气象局区域中尺度天气数值预报系统CMA-MESO 3 km (China Meteorological Administration Mesoscale Model at 3 km resolution)在2020年山西汛期降水预报偏差的基础上,基于频率匹配方法,对小时降水预报开展分时段、分区域订正试验,并对订正结果进行了多角度检验分析。结果表明：(1)模式对山西日降水预报空报突出,其中盆地降水预报量级明显偏大。(2)不同区域、不同时段小时降水预报偏差不同,其中弱降水在白天低海拔地区预报偏多,夜间高海拔地区预报偏少。(3)分区域、分时段频率匹配订正后,日累计降水平均误差较订正前降低76.8%,强降水过度预报问题显著改善。(4)通过降低过度预报的降水频率和强度,降水量峰值提前、上午峰值虚报等问题得以解决,可更好再现降水日变化特征。(5)订正后有效改善了模式降水预报的地形分布特征,主要体现在强度预报改进上,但对模式降水预报频率的地形分布偏差调整有限。

     

含大地形的准地转正压模式的孤立波解

该文由修正过的含大地形的准地转正压模式方程出发,考虑青藏高原大地形的实际情况,忽略其东西向地形坡度,再利用约化摄动方法,求其孤立波解,并得到结论：当基本气流无切变时,地形是产生Rossby孤立波的必要因子。     

中国煤层气有利区带综合评价

煤层气含气区带综合评价是一个多因素、多层次、多目标的决策过程,其评价过程受到诸多因素的影响,需要选择科学、简捷、实用的数学模型来分析处理这些繁杂因素。因此,根据煤层气含气区带综合评价涉及的各种因素建立评价指标体系,并结合层次分析法和灰聚类分析各自的优点,建立煤层气含气区带综合评价模型。应用层次分析法确定各指标的权系数,然后通过灰聚类分析法来进行综合评价,较好地保证了权系数的客观性和准确性,定性、定量地对煤层气含气区带进行综合评价。可以为整个煤层气行业的资源综合评价奠定基础,同时通过评价案例进行了验证。评价结果表明,全国121个煤层气含气区带中,最有利区带是沁水盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地东缘,有利区带为鄂尔多斯盆地南缘、宁武、安阳-鹤壁和松藻地区。     

杭州市钱塘新区地下空间开发地质环境适宜性评价

地下空间地质环境适宜性评价是实现地下空间合理有序开发的重要环节,也是国土空间科学规划的必要前提。通过系统分析杭州市钱塘新区地质环境条件,从地形地貌、工程地质条件、水文地质条件、活动断裂及地震效应、环境地质问题等五个方面选取15个指标构建了地下空间开发地质环境适宜性评价指标体系。在此基础上,采用变权层次分析法和灰色关联分析模型,对浅层(0~ 15m)、次浅层(15~ 30m)、次深层(30~ 50 m)地下空间进行了开发利用地质环境条件适宜性评价。结果表明,研究区浅层和次深层地下空间更适宜开发,而次浅层地下空间适宜性好和适宜性较好的总面积仅占全区的45.7%,地质环境条件复杂,具有一定的开发难度。该结果可为钱塘新区地下空间合理开发提供参考。