弹性波法检测大孔径爆破对基岩松驰层厚度影响的探讨

根据大孔径梯段爆破开挖对底部基岩扰动影响的声波检测情况,对检测资料进行了分析研究,给出了大孔径开挖底部基岩预留保护层厚度,供工程参考。     

Fracture Length Estimation from Borehole Image Logs

We describe a method to estimate fracture length for circular fractures from borehole image logs. The relative frequency of fractures, which have complete circumference trace on image logs is related to fracture length. A simple functional relationship can be derived for the relative frequency of complete fracture traces in terms of average fracture inclination to borehole, borehole diameter and fracture length. This formulation however, tends to underestimate fracture length because a constant length is assumed. A more accurate length estimate can be obtained by assuming that fracture length is linearly correlated to fracture aperture or spacing. Cumulative frequency distribution of fracture aperture and spacing can be obtained from borehole image logs. The problem then transforms itself to finding the scaling factor between fracture length and aperture (or spacing) from the relative frequency of fractures with complete traces. The product of the scaling factor and average fracture spacing (or aperture) gives the average fracture length.     

一种基于曲线SAR的三维目标特征提取与自聚焦新算法

曲线合成孔径雷达（Curvilinear Synthetic Aperture Radar,简称曲线SAR）是一种新的三维成像模式，通过让载机作曲线飞行，曲线SAR系统能同时在方位维和高度维形成大的合成孔径。本文提出一种曲线SAR的三维目标特征提取和自聚焦新方法。新方法是建立在一种灵活的接收数据模型之上的参数化的新方法。仿真实验证明了所提方法的有效性。     

Non‐linear response analyses of rectangular rigid bodies subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motion

This investigation deals with non‐linear seismic responses of free‐standing rectangular rigid bodies on horizontally and vertically accelerating rigid foundations. The responses are classified into two initial responses and four subsequent responses, accordingly the equations of motion governing the liftoff, slip and liftoff–slip interaction motions and boundary conditions corresponding to commencement and termination of the motions are defined. The time histories of responses presented herein show that the body is sensitive to small changes in the friction coefficient and slenderness, and to the wave properties and intensity of ground motions. Systematic trends are observed: the bodies on the low‐grip foundation avoid overturning while they are allowed to slip regardless of details of ground motions; the long period earthquakes tend to make the body overturn and slip largely. In contrast, the timing when liftoff and slip commences and terminates and their directions do not directly correspond with intensity of ground motions. Moreover, the vertical ground motion adds irregularities on the responses, since it excites or damps the responses. It is concluded that governing equations of motion and boundary conditions in view of discontinuous non‐linear systems are necessary to analyse actual motions of the rectangular rigid bodies subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motion. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

清代方测雨器、方蒸发器由来考

本文前半部介绍我国清乾隆年间戴源所记方测雨器、方蒸发器的构造和作用,并对比介绍欧美方测雨器及方蒸发器的沿革。后半部主要探讨这些仪器外形方圆变化的原因。并对戴源仪器本身及《测圆图解》进行分析,进而证明这种仪器并非我国自创,却系耶稣会传教士由巴黎传入中国。但在我国气象仪器史中有着重要意义。     

Research on geomagnetic tectonic characteristics of the crust in Haicheng seismic area

In this paper, the two metnods, rectangular spectrum (RS) and maximum entropy power spectrum (MES), have been used in calculating the geomagnetic structures of the crust in Haicheng and its adjacent areas and carrying out the geomagnetic stratification of the crust. The result of the research indicates that the crust can be devided into such three layers as nonmagnetic layer, magnetic layer and regressive magnetic layer from the top to the bottom. It is also found the distribution of the geomagnetic bottom interface (Curie surface) is consistent with the lower interface of the upper crust and the top interface of the middle crust of the velocity structure of the crust. It is very interesting that the Haicheng earthquake of Feb. 4, 1975,M 7.3 occurred at the depth gradient belt of the Curie isotherm surface. So, to research on the geomagnetic layers and the distribution characteristics of the Curie isotherm surface is meaningful in judging potential seismic foci. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 448–454, 1993. The data of velocity and electricity materials used in this paper are as reference from the related materials of the maps and directions etc. of Donggou-Haicheng-Dong Ujimqin Qi Geoscience Transect by Prof. Zao-Xun LU, Huai-Kuan XIA and others.     

空间直角坐标直接计算高斯平面直角坐标公式

本文首先导出了由空间直角坐标直接解算大地纬度的精确而简明的实用公式。在此基础上，导出了由空间直角坐标直接计算高斯平面直角坐标公式。     

弦线法解算大地测量主题精密公式

本文通过引入测站切面空间直角坐标系,导出用椭球面上弦线解算长距离大地测量主题正、反算精密公式。理论严密,公式封闭简单,宜于电算。为了便于实用,本文还扩展了相应的归算公式。     

400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼音响驯化的试验研究

音响驯化技术被广泛应用于海洋牧场及淡水水域对鱼类行为的控制,但在采用何种频率和波形声音方面的研究积累尚少。试验室条件下,利用400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼进行了音响驯化试验。结果表明,鲤、草鱼的反应时间和聚集时间均逐日减少。平均反应时间分别为25.4 s和34.6 s,平均聚集时间分别为48.9 s和56.9 s;聚集率则逐日增加.驯化5 d后,鲤、草鱼的聚集率均达到100%,平均聚集率分别为89.7%和94.1%。由此可见.400 Hz矩形波连续音对鲤、草鱼均有明显的驯化作用。     

Uniformly Redundant Arrays

Uniformly Redundant Arrays (URA's) are two–dimensional binary arrays with constant sidelobes of their periodic autocorrelation function. They are widely agreed upon to be optimum mask patterns for coded aperture imaging, particularly in imaging systems with a cyclic coded mask. In this paper, a survey of all currently known construction methods for URA's is given and the sizes and open fractions of the arrays resulting from each construction method are pointed out. Alternatives to URA's for situations in which a URA does not exist, are discussed.