桂林全新世石笋高分辨率δ13C记录及其古生态意义

桂林地区３个石笋分辨率达１０～１００ａ级的δ_１３Ｃ记录表明,全新世时期的古生态可以划分为森林植被由兴盛至退化(气候由暖湿至干凉)的３个旋回。早中期旋回人类活动影响较小,晚期旋回影响大,由于人类持续地对森林的破坏,草类植被得以生长,石漠化增强,石笋的δ_１３Ｃ值急速上升以后,很难再回复到全新世中期的水平。δ_１３Ｃ值大幅度跳跃式的下降,可以确定末次冰期旋回冰消期的终止点,其时限为１０ ７００ａＢ．Ｐ,与δ_１８Ｏ记录完全吻合,也可以与海洋氧同位素以及其它记录进行对比。     

云南新生代断陷盆地的环境地质记录

盆地的环境地质记录是从盆地的形成、发展演变、沉积物形成的地球化学与古气候环境、沉积物堆积后所经历的压实、成岩来加以研究的。除无机介质(矿物)外的有机质,在成岩压实受热过程中化学成分与结构的变化,也是盆地环境地质记录的一部分,环境地质研究的归宿是对矿产—化石燃料形成与潜能的估价,完整的研究应该包括化石燃料形成(成烃成煤)环境及成藏(保存)环境等。对云南滇西陇川、瑞丽及保山等三个新生代断陷盆地环境地质记录的研究揭示,在极其相似的盆地形成演变、沉积地球化学与古气候、成岩与成烃背景基础上,化石燃料的形成与潜能在三个盆地具有差异性;指出陇川盆地以找寻煤型气及初熟(低熟)油为主,保山盆地以寻找浅部生物成因气及煤型气为主,瑞丽盆地相对潜能较差,仅有生物气浅部产出的可能。     

Holocene Saline Sedimentary Record in Tibetan Dong Co (Lake) and Its Significance on Palaeoclimate

HOLOCENE SALINE SEDIMENTARY RECORD IN TIBETAN DONG CO(LAKE) AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ON PALAEOCLIMATE     

净全辐射异常值的审核处理

针对近年来在省级质量控制数据R文件时净全辐射出现的问题,利用<地面自动站观测资料三级质量控制软件--省级软件>对净全辐射质量控制时数据异常原因进行举例分析,并采用人机交互方法对经质量控制后系统自动生成的疑误信息进行综合分析判断,同时结合有关规定和问题解答提出相应的处理方法,以确保净全辐射观测数据的真实、准确、可靠,进而为业务科研工作提供科学的、准确的数据.     

辽宁省强震台网的大震应急

为适应辽宁省强震台网大震应急工作的需要,本文利用Excel平台,研制了一套适于强震台网实际工作,同时具备地震烈度展示、报表输出、记录上传、台站基础资料提供和波形显示等功能的大震应急系统,为政府大震应急决策提供可靠的依据。     

关于天然设计地震波的研究

本文讨论了天然设计地震波的调整问题.通过给出的工程计算实例,研究了产生天然设计地震波所采用技术的可行性和合理性.文中对塔吉克斯坦共和国杜尚别市鸟巢大厦结构隔震设计所需要的天然设计地震波进行了较为详细的研究,提供的结果可满足设计需求.同时文中还对天然设计地震波调整技术存在的问题进行了初步的讨论.     

Seismic performance of wood‐frame houses in south‐western British Columbia

The seismic performance of conventional wood‐frame structures in south‐western British Columbia is analytically investigated through incremental dynamic analysis by utilizing available UBC‐SAWS models, which were calibrated based on experimental test results. To define an adequate target response spectrum that is consistent with information from national seismic hazard maps, record selection/scaling based on the conditional mean spectrum (CMS) is implemented. Furthermore, to reflect complex seismic hazard contributions from different earthquake sources (i.e. crustal events, interface events, and inslab events), we construct CMS for three earthquake types, and use them to select and scale an adequate set of ground motion records for the seismic performance evaluation. We focus on the impacts of adopting different record selection criteria and of using different shear‐wall types (Houses 1–4; in terms of seismic resistance, House 1>House 2>House 3>House 4) on the nonlinear structural response. The results indicate that the record selection procedures have significant influence on the probabilistic relationship between spectral acceleration at the fundamental vibration period and maximum inter‐story drift ratio, highlighting the importance of taking into account response spectral shapes in selecting and scaling ground motion records. Subjected to ground motions corresponding to the return period of 2500 years, House 1 is expected to experience very limited extent of damage; Houses 2 and 3 may be disturbed by minor damage; whereas House 4 may suffer from major damage occasionally. Finally, we develop statistical models of the maximum inter‐story drift ratio conditioned on a seismic intensity level for wood‐frame houses, which is useful for seismic vulnerability assessment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汶川地震诱发滑坡的地震动加速度评判标准

通过对汶川MS8.0地震强震记录资料的计算分析,给出一个与地震诱发滑坡关系比较密切的地震动加速度参数--最大临界加速度.分析表明,最大临界加速度与地震滑坡的相关性高于峰值加速度,而且可以消除峰值加速度作为判据使用时存在的问题.利用汶川地震强震资料建立了该参数在震区的衰减关系,由衰减关系得到的地震滑坡影响区域与汶川地震滑...     

Late Neoarchaean-Palaeoproterozoic supracrustal basin-fills of the Kaapvaal craton: Relevance of the supercontinent cycle, the "Great Oxidation Event" and "Snowball Earth"?

The application of the onset of supercontinentality, the “Great Oxidation Event” (GOE) and the first global scale glaciation in the Neoarchaean-Palaeoproterozoic as panacea-like events providing a framework or even chronological piercing points in Earth’s history at this time, is questioned. There is no solid evidence that the Kaapvaal craton was part of a larger amalgamation at this time, and its glacigenic record is dominated by deposits supporting the operation of an active hydrological cycle in parallel with glaciation, thereby arguing against the “Snowball Earth Hypothesis”. While the Palaeoproterozoic geological record of Kaapvaal does broadly support the GOE, this postulate itself is being questioned on the basis of isotopic data used as oxygen-proxies, and sedimentological data from extant river systems on the craton argue for a prolongation of the greenhouse palaeo-atmosphere (possibly in parallel with a relative elevation of oxygen levels) which presumably preceded the GOE. The possibility that these widespread events may have been diachronous at the global scale is debated.     

Kirchhoff波场延拓在OBC记录海水层基准面校正中的应用

莺歌海盆地是南海西北部一个重要的含气盆地,大量含气带导致了常规地震资料中出现纵波地震反射模糊带,海底电缆(OBC)探测被作为揭示该区含气带特征的新方法。OBC探测能够提供更多的信息,然而由于它具有不同于海面拖缆观测方式:它的炮点和检波点不在一个基准面上,地震波沿不对称路径传播,不能直接采用常规地震数据处理方法处理,为此需要进行基准面校正将炮点和检波点校正到同一基准面上。常用的基准面校正方法包括静校正、Kirchhoff波场延拓法等,文章采用Kirchhoff波场延拓法对莺歌海盆地的OBC资料做基准面校正,并与静校正方法对比,结果表明,静校正方法对浅层速度分析造成的误差较大,超过10%;Kirchhoff波场延拓则保持了正确速度,并得到了目标基准面的正确波场。