Use of comb filters in GPS L1 receivers

Comb filters can be designed by replacing single delays in digital filters by multiple delays. These filters are “periodic” in the sense that their frequency response repeats itself at fixed intervals. They are thus well suited to a signal such as GPS L1 which has a spectrum made up of lines separated by the code repetition frequency of 1 kHz. In this paper we examine how periodic filters can be used in a conventional GPS L1 receiver. We find that comb filters assist with acquisition of weak signals, and can improve code-tracking performance.     

On arrangement of source and receivers in SASW testing

This study investigates the effects of source and receivers arrangement on the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve in SASW testing. Analytical studies and numerical simulations with coupled finite and infinite elements are presented in this paper. It is shown that arrangement of source and receivers has a significant effect on test results, especially for soils with high Poisson's ratio or saturated soils. Larger source-to-receiver distance and receiver spacing usually give better results, and it is unnecessary to keep them equal. To satisfy the error control requirement in Rayleigh wave phase velocity measurement, source-to-receiver distance and receiver spacing should meet corresponding minimum values, which are proposed for different Poisson's ratios of soil in this paper.     

面波压制方法与道间距关系的数值分析

野外无检波器组合的采集方式使得面波的压制成为单点高密度地震数据处理的关键。F-K滤波、τ-p变换是两种常用的压制面波的方法,这两种方法压制面波的效果与道间距有关。对面波速度、频率、射线参数与道间距关系的数值分析发现,道间距越小,压制面波的效果越好;大道间距会产生假频而使得面波难以有效地滤除。这从另一侧面也证明这两种方法可以更好地压制高密度地震数据中的面波。     

用积分方程法研究源与勘探区之间的三维体对CSAMT观测曲线的影响

在可控源音频大地电磁法野外作业中,源和勘探区间的距离可达几公里,为了了解源和勘探区间的异常体对勘探区内异常响应的影响,我们用三维压缩积分方程法做了数值模拟研究.首先对勘探区目标体进行了数值模拟,发现在高频时,观测到的异常中心位于目标体的正上方,随着频率降低,出现异常中心向远离源的方向略有移动的现象,所以对三维异常体最好用3D软件来解释.然后,对源和勘探区间存在三维异常体的情况进行了数值模拟与分析讨论.模拟结果表明只有当三维异常体达到较大的规模时,才会对目标体上方的观测曲线造成影响,否则其电阻率的变化及埋深的变化对观测曲线的影响较小,可以忽略.当异常体在源方向有延伸时,观测曲线受到的干扰最大,沿垂直源布设的方向延伸时引起的干扰中等,垂直地面向下延伸引起的干扰最小.     

北斗三号卫星导航信号接收机端伪距偏差建模与验证

接收机端伪距偏差是指非理想的卫星导航信号在接收机前端带宽和相关器间隔不同时产生的伪距测量系统性偏差.研究表明,北斗二号、GPS和Galileo系统均存在与接收机类型相关的伪距偏差,影响基于混合类型接收机站网的精密数据处理.本文基于iGMAS网和MGEX网观测数据,采用MW组合、伪距残差和伪距无几何距离无电离层组合3种方...     

Investigation on the effect of strong out-of-band signals on global navigation satellite systems receivers

The mitigation of radio frequency interference (RFI) has a fundamental role in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) applications, especially when a high level of availability is required. Several electromagnetic sources, in fact, might degrade the performance of the global positioning system (GPS) and Galileo receivers, and their effects can be either in-band (i.e., secondary harmonics generated by transmitters of other communication systems due to non-linearity distortions) or out-of-band (i.e., strong signals that occupy frequency bandwidths very close to GNSS bands). We investigated the effects of real out-of-band signals on GNSS receivers and analyzed the impact on the overall receiver chain in order to evaluate the impact of the interference source. In particular, the analysis focuses on the spectrum at the front-end output, on the automatic gain control (AGC) behavior, as well as on the digital processing stages (signal acquisition and tracking) at the analog digital converter (ADC) output. This study refers to several experiments and data collections performed in interfered areas of downtown Torino (Italy). The obtained results underline how digital/analog TV transmissions represent a potential interference source for GNSS applications and might be critical for the safety of life services.