冲绳日本绒螯蟹线粒体DNA 12S rRNA序列的研究

采集日本冲绳源河川和边野古川的日本绒螯蟹样品 ,参考果蝇与蚤状氵蚤线粒体 DNA12 Sr RNA基因片段序列进行了其相同片段的引物设计、PCR扩增及序列测定。结果表明冲绳两河川 4只日本绒螯蟹的碱基序列完全相同 ,为 4 58bp,其 A、T、G、C含量分别为 16 0 bp(34.94 % )、 179bp(39.0 8% )、4 9bp(10 .70 % )、70 bp(15.2 8% ) ,同果蝇与蚤状氵蚤相同基因片段的序列含量相似。     

山东半岛南北两侧海域真核浮游生物群落特征及与环境因子的相关性分析

为了解山东半岛南北两侧的烟台崆峒岛(KTD)海域和日照东港(DG)海域真核浮游生物群落特征,采用高通量测序技术,以18S rDNA V4区为目标基因,对2017年10月至2018年7月两海域的真核浮游生物多样性进行了检测;同期测定两海域的环境因子(溶解氧、氨氮含量等10个理化指标),并与真核浮游生物丰富度做相关性分析。实验结果表明:通过高通量测序技术共鉴定出浮游生物455种,其中,KTD海域共检测出真核浮游生物36个门类424种;DG海域共检测出真核浮游生物34个门类365种。绿藻门(Chlorophyta)、硅藻门(Diatomea)是两海域浮游植物中整体丰度最高的门类。KTD海域,绿藻门各月丰度在3.0%—21.3%之间,其中2018年7月(K1807)最高,达到了21.3%;硅藻门各月丰度在2.0%—16.59%之间,其中2018年2月(K1802)最高,达到了16.59%。DG海域,绿藻门各月丰度在2.0%—12.3%之间,其中2017年11月份(D1711)最高,达到了12.3%;硅藻门各月丰度在2.0%—47.0%之间,其中1月(D1801)最高,达到了47.0%。占优势地位的浮游动物主要是节肢动物门类的物种,其每月丰度分别在6.0%—38.9%和7.6%—48.6%之间。环境因子相关性分析表明水温、DO、pH、硅酸盐、硝酸盐氮等环境因子为影响该海域浮游生物群落结构的主要因子。研究结果对了解双壳经济贝类养殖区饵料组成及其在时空的变化,对海岸带食物网、生态基础管理和海洋经济贝类养殖生产等方面提供数据支撑。     

基于线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因的中国沿海相手蟹系统发育研究

相手蟹科的诸多种类因其形态极其相似成为方蟹总科分类中疑问较多的一个类群。通过对中国沿海相手蟹线粒体COI和16S rRNA基因序列进行分子系统发育分析,结果表明14种相手蟹COI和16S rRNA基因序列之间差异分别为5.7%～14.5%和1.5%～12.1%,均达到了种间差异水平。构建的系统发育树显示,14种相手蟹分别为独立有效物种,但分属于拟相手蟹属和近相手蟹属的4种拟相手蟹和3种近相手蟹,没有分别形成2个独立的支系,而是混合聚成一大支系。而属于螳臂相手蟹属的无齿螳臂相手蟹则首先与属于中相手蟹属的中华中相手蟹聚成一支,再与红螯螳臂相手蟹聚为一大支,表现出与形态分类的不一致。错综复杂的分子系统关系预示着相手蟹类为多系起源,也表明它们之间的种间关系乃至于属间关系尚有诸多问题有待进一步厘定。     

用于海洋沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌分子生态学研究的引物比较

为比较厌氧氨氧化细菌16SrRNA基因的2对特异性引物(Amx368F/Amx820R、Brod541F/Amx820R)在其分子生态学研究方面的优点与不足,本研究采用高通量测序和qPCR技术对长江口及其邻近海域沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌细菌的群落组成、多样性和丰度进行比较分析,结果表明,引物Amx368F/Amx820R特异性较高,能够较为完整地反映沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌的多样性信息,且其覆盖的厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度与功能基因hzo丰度正相关(P<0.01);而引物Brod541F/Amx820R特异性较低,覆盖部分厌氧氨氧化细菌及其他多个门的细菌,其量化的厌氧氨氧化细菌与功能基因hzo丰度无明显相关关系(P>0.05)。因此,引物Amx368F/Amx820R能够更加真实地反映厌氧氨氧化细菌在海洋沉积物中的群落特征,在其分子生态学研究中更具优势。     

Glyptograptus? persculptus (Salter), its tectonic deformation,and its stratigraphic significance for the Carys Mills Formation of N.E. Maine,U.S.A.

The Carys Mills Formation of NE Maine represents the SW extension of the Matapedia Group and the White Head Formation of southern Gaspé, Quebec. This formation has yielded two main collections, one hitherto considered of Middle Ordovician age (zone 13 of Berry's 1960 Marathon, Texas, zonation) with 7 species referred to 4 genera, and one of the Early Silurian age. A revision of the supposed Middle Ordovician collections reveals that the graptolites are basal Silurian and consist of only one species, Glyptograptus? persculptus. Several hundred specimens, preserved both flattened and in three dimensions, the latter in iron pyrites, allow an analysis of both the rhabdosome changes wrought by diagenetic flattening and those caused by severe tectonic deformation. It is shown that those specimens lying parallel to the bedding plane lineation caused by a high-angle main cleavage have a silhouette appearance close to Glyptograptus tamariscus (Nicholson), whilst those at right angles to this direction superficially resemble robust Amplexograptus spp., or Diplograptus s.s., or Diplograptus s.l. spp., thus explaining the stratigraphic assignment of earlier workers. An analogue video reshaper confirms the above conclusions. This determination assigns the whole Carys Mills Formation to the Lower Silurian, but the possibility that part of the formation is of Late Ordovician age cannot be excluded. This much is suggested by the Matapedia Group and the White Head Formation which are of Late Ordovician to Early Silurian age, and the Honorat Group, which has yielded graptolites of late Middle Ordovician age.     

Origin of ore-forming fluids in Qinggouzi stibnite deposit,NE China:Constraints from fluid inclusions and H-O-S isotopes

The Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is located in Huashan Town, Jilin Province, in the northeastern margin of North China Craton(NCC). It is controlled by fault structures, hosted within structurally controlled felsic dykes, predominantly surrounded by phyllite, schist and quartzite. This study presents the results of fluid inclusions studies, intending to determine the source of the fluid responsible for ore-formation, hence exploring its metallogenesis. The aqueous biphase inclusions are identified in the stibnite-bearing quartz veins of the deposit. Moreover, aqueous biphase inclusions are further classified into(1) biphase liquid-rich inclusions(1 a) and(2) biphase gas-rich inclusions(1 b) depending upon liquid to gas ratio trapped within the fluid inclusions. Homogenization temperatures for(1 a) and(1 b) range between 114.8℃ to 422℃ and 128.3℃ to 267.5℃, respectively. 1 a and 1 b have salinities of 0.18% to 16.14% NaCl_(eqv) and 1.22% to 12.88% NaCl_(eqv), and density range from 0.43 to 1.02 g/cm~3 and 0.81 to 0.98 g/cm~3, respectively. Sulfur isotopic analysis indicates δ~(34)S_(V-CDT) from 4.4×10~(-3) to 6.5×10~(-3), with an average of 5.2×10~(-3), whereas H isotopes values on δD_(V-SMOW) standard are-100.8×10~(-3) and-107.5×10~(-3), while O isotopes data on δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW) standard range between 20.1×10~(-3) and 20.4×10~(-3). Fluid inclusions study, combining with sulfur and H-O isotopic data reveal that the ore-forming fluids originated from deep source and were subsequently contaminated by meteoric water. Hydrostatic pressure calculation shows that the minimum and maximum pressures are 11.65 and 42.33 MPa, and relevant depths of deposit are estimated to be 1.16 and 4.23 km. Finally, we inferred that Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is a medium-low temperature, low salinity hydrothermal deposit, which is formed by deep source and later contaminated by meteoric water, and is classified as epizonal deposit in terms of orogenic series.     

利用MODIS资料遥感水体上空气溶胶粒子尺度的数值试验

利用卫星探测辐射的光谱依赖性来反演大气气溶胶粒子尺度分布,首先要建立反演算法并检验其可行性。本文参照文献[1]对暗的海洋上空MODIS资料的处理方法,针对大陆水库上空卫星探测MODIS辐射信号,利用6S(Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum)辐射模式建立一个查算表(Look-up table:LUT)来反演大气气溶胶粒子尺度分布;然后通过数值试验对所建立的查算表进行检验,讨论其方法的可行性。数值试验结果表明,查算表对大陆性气溶胶尺度分布有反演能力,但拟合误差sεl值随着气溶胶光学厚度的增加而增加。     

深水源—汇系统对多尺度气候变化的过程响应与反馈机制

源—汇系统对多尺度气候变化的响应与反馈是当前深水沉积学研究的前缘和新动向.通过梳理外陆架—深水盆地沉积物搬运分散系统(深水源—汇系统)对从构造尺度到人类尺度气候变化的过程响应,揭示了两种(迟滞和瞬态)深水源—汇系统的过程响应与反馈机制.迟滞响应深水源—汇系统的过渡区较宽、响应尺度较大(Teq≥104年),有利形成条件为...     

东海原甲藻的分子鉴定

采用nrDNAITS序列及18S序列两种分子标记,对东海原甲藻和美国国家海洋藻种保藏中心(CCMP)的具齿原甲藻进行分子鉴定,结果表明,两者之间序列非常相似,两者的nrDNAITS序列碱基差异值仅为0.002,nrDNA18S序列的碱基差异值为0.000,根据分子数据,东海原甲藻和美国国家海洋藻种保藏中心的具齿原甲藻应为同一个种.从基因库获取原甲藻的另外3个种nrD-NAITS序列和8个种的18S序列,用计算机软件进行分析和构建分子系统树,结果显示18S序列用于原甲藻的分子鉴定过于保守,而nrDNAITS更适合于该种属界定的分子标准.     

IKONOS影像生产1∶10 000地理信息产品的研究

简要介绍了IKONOS卫星遥感影像适用于地理信息产品生产的特点,然后通过试验生产,并与传统的航片相比较,详细分析了利用IKONOS影像作为数据源生产1∶10000基础信息产品在精度、生产流程、工作效率、生产周期、外业工作量和价格等方面的情况。