大庆采油一厂GIS数据查询与维护模块的设计与实现

利用VB在GeoStar地理信息系统开发平台上进行二次开发,实现大庆油田采油一厂水泡子地理信息系统的3维数据查询与维护。介绍了系统的模块组成和功能,以及实现各项功能的关键技术。该系统灵活实用、功能较全,通过实际生产应用,反映出在地面水域地理信息数据计算与管理、直观显示等方面具有很好的实用价值。     

Derivatives of the Gravity Potential with Respect to Rectangular Coordinates

Starting from a complex operator of derivation, we give expressions for derivatives of arbitrary order of the gravity potential with respect to rectangular coordinates. These expressions have a form similar to the original potential expanded in spherical harmonics and are free of singularity at the poles. Computing sets of numerical coefficients once for all, we can compute the derivatives with a very limited work: the same functions are used to compute all derivatives by means of a unique parametrized formula. This is very comfortable for further algebraic manipulations. Numerical tests prove the accuracy and the efficiency of the algorithm derived from our formula to compute the gravity acceleration vector and the gravity gradient tensor.     

运用GPS测量对自贡市城市控制网点的改算

本文通过对运用GPS测量改算自贡市各等级城市控制网点成果的过程及结果的论述分析,证实了运用GPS测量改算城市控制网点成果具有精度好、效率高等特点。在此基础上探讨其可行性,并提出一些看法。     

Energetics of lateral eddy diffusion/advection：Part Ⅱ. Numerical diffusion/diffusivity and gravitational potential energy change due to isopycnal diffusion

Study of oceanic circulation and climate requires models which can simulate tracer eddy diffusion and ad vection accurately. It is shown that the traditional Eulerian coordinates can introduce large artificial hori zontal diffusivity/viscosity due to the incorrect alignment of the axis. Therefore, such models can smear sharp fronts and introduce other numerical artifacts. For simulation with relatively low resolution, large lateral diffusion was explicitly used in models; therefore, such numerical diffusion may not be a problem. However, with the increase of horizontal resolution, the artificial diffusivity/viscosity associated with hori zontal advection in the commonly used Eulerian coordinates may become one of the most challenging ob stacles for modeling the ocean circulation accurately. Isopycnal eddy diffusion （mixing） has been widely used in numerical models. The common wisdom is that mixing along isopycnal is energy free. However, a careful examination reveals that this is not the case. In fact, eddy diffusion can be conceptually separated into two steps： stirring and subscale diffusion. Due to the thermobaric effect, stirring, or exchanging water masses, along isopycnal surface is associated with the change of GPE in the mean state. This is a new type of instability, called the thermobaric instability. In addition, due to cabbeling subscale diffusion of water parcels always leads to the release of GPE. The release of GPE due to isopycnal stirring and subscale diffusion may lead to the thermobaric instability.     

基于移动GIS和LBS技术的地名地址快速采集方法研究与应用

介绍移动GIS的特点和LBS定位技术,针对目前地名地址采集过程中存在的数据采集不准确、不规范和周期长等一系列问题,设计了从外业拍照、数据采集、内业录入到数据更新的地名地址数据采集流程,并开发了地名地址数据采集系统,其次,介绍地名地址采集系统的实现和功能配置,并结合实例分析系统的应用情况.系统既简化了地名地址的采集流程,同时又提高了数据采集的效率.     

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异心球形电容器电容的精确解

提出了导体系统电容问题求解的一种新方法，借助双球面坐标系和平行板电容公式，求出了异心球形电容器电容的解析式。此外，对另外几种类型异体系统的电容也作了讨论。     

区域CORS网坐标时间序列周期特征分析

通过精密单点定位的方法获取了区域CORS网各基准站的坐标时间序列,并利用最大似然估计法和频谱分析法对其32个基准站坐标时间序列的周期特征进行了分析,获取了各基准站年周期、半年周期的振幅和相位值,以及各基准站的周期功率谱图。结果表明:GNSS基准站坐标时间序列不仅存在线性变化,还存在周期性变化,其中以U方向表征最为明显,与双差定位获得的坐标时间序列周期特性分析结果一致,说明以精密单点定位获取的GNSS基准站坐标时间序列是可靠的,可以用来分析基准站的变化特征。     

中小地形对局地天气气候的影响

本文采用地形活动坐标系,研究在二维运动条件下地形对局地天气气候的影响。指出:地形对气流的影响不仅与地形高度z有关,而且与地形的坡度α,下垫面的热力分布,近地层大气稳定度г,垂直交换系数k以及基流v等诸因素密切相关。其中下垫面温差,地形坡度和基流尤为重要。     

道路平面测设计算的通用公式

基于各类道路线型曲率呈线性变化的共同特性,给出了线元上任意点坐标方位角的统一计算公式,进而提出了适用于所有道路线型平面测设计算的中桩坐标、边桩坐标的通用公式。在此基础上,讨论线路外一点对应中桩的计算以及直线与线路交点的计算,给出了相应的计算方案。