电流线追踪电位电阻率层析成像方法初探

电阻率层析成像技术尽管已有了一些比较好的结果，但从国内外发表的文章可以看出，基本上采用的都是有限元方法，而电阻率层析成像的核心问题也就是雅可比矩阵的求取问题。有限元方法能够很好地实现该问题的求解，但需要的计算机内存及计算时间相当的大，为此我们类比地震学中走时射线追踪技术，开展了电流线追踪电位电阻率层析成像方法研究。     

YAG激光器泵灯聚光腔的改进

设计了一种改型的YAG激光器聚光腔，在椭圆柱反射面加入一玻璃套管，进行准全腔冷却，综合了传统的全腔冷却和分别冷却的优点，但灯、棒需向椭圆柱面伙线内作一位移。为此建立了光线传输的数学模型，经计算机编程运算，找出最佳的灯、棒配置，使灯轴发出的同心光束几乎同心地会聚于棒芯。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤和水系沉积物中的痕量铪和锆

采用粉末样品压片制样，用3080E     

三维层状地质结构下整体迭代射线追踪法

作者在文中对三维任意界面情况下的两点间射线追踪问题进行了研究，从Fermat原理出发，对射线路径上的旅行时，采用一阶Taylor不完全展开等办法，推出了三维情况下计算射线路径的整体迭代算法。并通过模型计算证明了本方法的稳健性以及计算的高精确度和高效率。为三维结构下地震偏移和层析成像提供了一种可行的射线追踪方法。     

Wave front construction in smooth media for prestack depth migration

We implemented a wave front construction algorithm specifically designed for smooth media for application to prestack depth migration. The highest priority was given to maximum computational speed to allow an extension of the techniques to 3D media. A simple grid-based model representation in combination with fast bilinear interpolation is used. It is shown that this procedure has no distorting effects on the ray tracing results for smooth media. In our implementation, wave front construction (WFC) has proven to be as fast as some of the recently developed methods for travel time computations. WFC has advantages over these methods, since amplitudes and other ray theoretical quantities are available, and it is not restricted to the calculation of only first arrivals. Thus, it meets the requirements for migration in complex media. Furthermore, WFC allows for introduction of a perturbation scheme for computing travel times for slightly varying models simultaneously. This has applications for, e.g., prestack velocity estimation techniques. The importance of later arrivals for migration in complex media is demonstrated by prestack images of the Marmousi data set.     

安宁河断裂带测区古构造残余应力随深度分布

以岩体正交异性弹性理论为基础，用Ｘ射线法，在安宁河断裂带测区，选取了９个钻孔的岩芯，测量了岩体中宏观残余应力场的水平和铅直三维主应力及最大剪应力随深度的分布，分析了其沿深度的分布规律，求得了其铅直梯度值     

Elastodynamic and elastostatic Green tensors for homogeneous weak transversely isotropic media

An explicit analytical formula for the complete elastodynamic Green tensor for homogeneous unbounded weak transversely isotropic media is presented. The formula was derived by analytical calculations of higher-order approximations of the ray series. The ray series is finite and consists of seven non-zero terms. The formula for the Green tensor is complete and correct for the whole frequency range, thus it describes correctly the wavefield at all distances and at all directions including the shear-wave singularity direction. The Green tensor consists of P, SV and SH far-field waves and four coupling waves. Three of them couple P and SV waves, and the fourth wave couples the SV and SH waves. The P-SV coupling waves behave similarly to the near-field waves in isotropy. However, the SV-SH coupling wave, which is called 'shear-wave coupling', behaves exceptionally and it has no analogy in the Green tensor for isotropy. The formula for the elastostatic Green tensor is also derived.     

Simultaneous velocity and interface tomography of normal-incidence and wide-aperture seismic traveltime data

A tomographic inversion technique that inverts traveltimes to obtain a model of the subsurface in terms of velocities and interfaces is presented. It uses a combination of refraction, wide-angle reflection and normal-incidence data, it simultaneously inverts for velocities and interface depths, and it is able to quantify the errors and trade-offs in the final model. The technique uses an iterative linearized approach to the non-linear traveltime inversion problem. The subsurface is represented as a set of layers separated by interfaces, across which the velocity may be discontinuous. Within each layer the velocity varies in two dimensions and has a continuous first derivative. Rays are traced in this medium using a technique based on ray perturbation theory, and two-point ray tracing is avoided by interpolating the traveltimes to the receivers from a roughly equidistant fan of rays. The calculated traveltimes are inverted by simultaneously minimizing the misfit between the data and calculated traveltimes, and the roughness of the model. This 'smoothing regularization' stabilizes the solution of the inverse problem. In practice, the first iterations are performed with a high level of smoothing. As the inversion proceeds, the level of smoothing is gradually reduced until the traveltime residual is at the estimated level of noise in the data. At this point, a minimum-feature solution is obtained, which should contain only those features discernible over the noise.
The technique is tested on a synthetic data set, demonstrating its accuracy and stability and also illustrating the desirability of including a large number of different ray types in an inversion.