起伏地形条件下固定点源测深法定量解释研究

采用有限元法对起伏地形下存在不均匀极化体时的多种地电断面进行了固定点源测深的正演数值模拟计算;提出并实现了在起伏地形下利用固定点源测深法资料作相对强度断面图、确定极化体空间位置的方法;通过对不同条件下数值模拟结果的定量解释计算和分析,证明了该方法的有效性;初步总结出了地形对定量解释结果的影响规律。     

突水量数量化预测模型及其应用

选取对大煤底板八灰突水水量有影响的地质因素,如构造,岩溶,矿压,突水系数,新定水点至老突水点的最近距离为自变量,以最大突水量、稳定突水量为基准变量,用“数量化理论”评定性变量数量化,与定量变量联合建立焦作东部矿区的八灰突水量预测模型,经检验两个模型预测突水量相对误差小于１者大于７２．５％,实测值与各自变量组合的复相系数在０．７以上,对７个实际例子预测效果较好,从理论和实例上都说明所建模型可信,可用     

Measurement of ecological capital of Chinese terrestrial ecosystem based on remote sensing

The biosphere of the Earth is the material founda-tion of human survival and development.With the increasing problems of the resources,the environment and population,most countries in the world have paid special attention to the measurement and evaluation of ecological capital,which refers to the sum of the direct natural resources value and the indirect ecosystem services value.Ecological capital depends on not only the quality of the national ecological environment,butalso the social recogni…     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

Rôle des héritages latéritiques et du niveau des nappes dans l'évolution des modelés et des sols en zone intertropicale forestière humide

Analysis of landscapes and soil covers from the outer to the inner part of a $75\text{km}\times 60\text{km}$ watershed in the South-Cameroon rainforest zone, characterized by important remnants of inherited ferricretes and stable hydrostatic base levels, indicates that the development of present landforms has not involved significant erosion by slope retreat because of the relative preservation of downslope residual ferricrete and that soil covers have vertically decayed under in situ geochemical process. To cite this article: D. Bitom et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Portable Utopia: Glasgow and the United States 1820–1920. Bernard Aspinwall. Studies in Russian Historical Geography. James H. Bater and R. A. French, eds. Water and Sanitation: Economic and Sociological Perspectives. Peter G. Bourne, ed. Green Politics. Fritjof Capra and Charlene Spretnak. The Southern Cone: Realities of the Authoritarian State. César N. Caviedes. Women in Third World Development. Sue Ellen Charlton. Land Management: New Directions. David Chiddick and Alan Millington, eds. Geography and Ethnic Pluralism. Colin Clarke, David Ley, Ceri Peach, eds. Geomorphological Hazards in Los Angeles. R. U. Cooke. Regional Impacts of United States-Mexico Economic Relations. Alfonso Corona and Lay James Gibson. eds. Patterns of Jobs and Geographic Mobility. Torvald Gerger. Cities and Sickness: Health Care in Urban America. Ann Lennarson Greer and Scott Greer, eds. Neighborhoods: Their Place in Urban Life. Howard W. Hallman. Development and the Rural-Urban Divide. John Harriss and Mick Moore, eds. Patterns of Undocumented Migration: Mexico and the United States. Richard C. Jones, ed. Central Place Theory. Leslie J. King. The Geography of Western Europe: A Socio-economic Survey. Paul L. Knox. Regions and Resources: Strategies for Development. David T. Krisge, Daniel A. Seiver, Oliver S. Goldsmith and Michael J. Scott. Geography of Crowding and Human Response. A Study of Ahmedabad City. K. M. Kulkarni. Haciendo Pueblo. The Development of a Guadalajaran Suburb. Kathleen Logan. The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa. Stewart A. Marks. Water in the Hispanic Southwest: A Social and Legal History, 1550–1850. Michael C. Meyer. Imlil: A Moroccan Mountain Community in Change. James A. Miller. Tourism in Canada: Selected Issues and Options. Peter E. Murphy, ed. David Harvey's Geography. John L. Paterson. Raster Scanning, Processing and Plotting of Cartographic Documents. Donna J. Peuquet and A. Raymond Boyle. The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and Foreign Policy. Yaacov Ro'i, ed. Environmental Perception and Behavior: An Inventory and Prospect. Thomas F. Saarinen, David Seamon, and James L. Sell. Incised channels, Morphology, Dynamics, and Control. Stanley A. Schumm, Michael D. Harvey, and Chester C. Watson. The Gap Between Rich and Poor: Contending Perspectives on the Political Economy of Development. Mitchell A. Seligson, ed. Twentieth-Century Richmond. Planning, Politics and Race. Christopher Silver. Land Conservation and Development: Examples of Land-Use Planning Projects and Programs. F. R. Steiner and H. N. van Lier, eds. Biogeography: Recent Advances and Future Directions. J. A. Taylor, ed. Late Quaternary Environments of the Soviet Union. A. A. Velichko, ed. H. E. Wright, Jr. and C. W. Barnosky, eds.     

三亚湾浮游动物的种类组成与数量分布

根据1998年10月至1999年8月在三亚湾的调查资料,分析了浮游动物的种类组成、数量分布和季节变化。已鉴定出终生浮游动物118种和浮游幼虫11个类群,其中桡足类种数最多,其次为水母类。调查区的浮游动物群落可划分为河口内湾类群、暖温带类群、暖水沿岸类群、广布暖水外海类群等4个生态类群,并以后二者的种类占绝大多数。浮游动物优势种的季节演替不明显,以肥胖箭虫(Sagittaenflata)占主导地位。浮游动物生物量季节变化显著,呈单周期型,秋季为高峰期,春季为低谷期。浮游动物年平均生物量为129mg·m-3,除秋季外,平面分布比较均匀。毛颚类的数量居首位。浮游动物生物量与浮游植物密度的季节变化趋势相一致。     

Stream Temperature Spatial Variability Reflects Geomorphology,Hydrology, and Microclimate: Navarro River Watershed,California

Stream temperatures are critical to coldwater fish and vary with microclimate, geomorphology, and hydrology, including influx of groundwater. Spatial variability of stream temperatures was examined at reach and watershed scales within the 816 km² Navarro River watershed in California. Field monitoring and numerical modeling illustrate that stream temperatures were highest at sites with high solar incidence (low shading and wide streams), long travel times, and low discharge. Microclimate helps explain deviation from the general pattern of streams warming with increasing drainage area. Reach-scale field observations of channel width and groundwater influx explain variation in stream temperatures not captured by watershed-scale models.