ELF propagation parameters for uniform models of the Earth–ionosphere waveguide

Uniform models for the Earth–ionosphere cavity are considered with particular attention to the physical properties of the ionosphere for the extremely low frequency (ELF) range. Two consistent features have long been recognized for the range: the presence of two distinct altitude layers of maximum energy dissipation within the lower ionosphere, and a “knee”-like change in the vertical conductivity profile representing a transition in dominance from ion-dominated to electron-dominated conductivity. A simplified two-exponential version of the Greifinger and Greifinger (1978) technique widely used in ELF work identifies two slopes in the conductivity profile and, providing accurate results in the ELF communication band (45–75 Hz), simulates too flat a frequency dependence of the quality factor within the Schumann resonance frequency range (5–40 Hz). The problem is traced to the upward migration, with frequency increasing, of the lower dissipation layer through the “knee” region resulting in a pronounced decrease of the effective scale height for conductivity. To overcome this shortcoming of the two-exponential approximation and still retain valuable model analyticity, a more general approach (but still based on the Greifinger and Greifinger formalism) is presented in the form of a “knee” model whose predictions for the modal frequencies, the wave phase velocities and the quality factors reasonably represent observations in the Schumann resonance frequency range.     

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK CORRECTION OF ROUGH ERRORS OF OBSERVATIONS*

In the context of tower measured radiation datasets.following the correction principle meeting a diagnostic equation in data quality control and in terms of a technique for model construction on data and ANN (artificial neural network) retrieval for BP correction of radiation measurements with rough errors available,a BP model is presented.Evidence suggests that the developed model works well and is superior to a convenient multivariate linear regression model,indicating its wide applications.     

2001年昆仑山口8.1级巨震后中国大陆、云南地震趋势研究

分析研究了2001年11月14日昆仑山口8．1级巨震对中国大陆云南未来几年地震趋势的影响，指出巨震后6年大陆可能仍然处于地震活跃期，其间大陆西部发生7．0级以上大震可能性较大；受2000－2001年欧亚带东南段大震活动过程及巨震调整影响，未来1－3年云南省可能进入新的活跃期，6．5级以上强震危险性增加。     

Surface vibration due to a sequence of high speed moving harmonic rectangular loads

The transmission of vibrations over the surface of the ground, due to high-speed moving, vertical harmonic rectangular loads, is investigated theoretically. The problem is three-dimensional and the interior of the ground is modelled as an elastic half-space or a multilayered ground. The transformed solutions are obtained using the Fourier transform on the space variable. A new damping model in the spatial wavenumber domain, presented in Lefeuve-Mesgouez et al. [J. Sound. Vibr. 231 (2000) 1289] is used. Numerical results for the displacements on the surface are presented for loads moving with speeds up to and beyond the Rayleigh wave speed of the half-space.     

北京建设世界城市模式与政策导向的初步研究

结合世界城市同经济增长、科技创新以及区域基础这间的关系，世界城市结构演化及其成长过程等的一般规律，在内外部环境综合分析基础上，提出北京建设世界城市的基本经济模式与空间结构模式。加大开放程度，推进产业价值链分工，提高高级生产者服务以及高科技产业在经济结构中的比重，积极吸引跨国公司总部与研发机构，增强对全球经济资源的配置能力，为基本经济模式；而在首都圈与环渤海地区形成合理的空间分工，以及改北京单中心结构为近、远程多中心圈域型结构，为基础空间结构模式，并进一步提出了北京建设世界城市的六大政策导向。     

张家界水环境演变与旅游发展关系

通过实地监测并全面分析张家界国家森林公园水环境演变趋势，发现金鞭溪水质下降最为明显，而且随着游客的逐年增多，呈现出加速恶化的趋势。金鞭溪水质恶化主要表现为蓝藻，绿藻迅速繁殖，感官质量下降，主要原因是上游接待区锣鼓塔排出的污水中总磷超标，通过建立基于环境脆弱因子的动态阈值模型，计算得出：在不超出张家界景区最为脆弱的环境因子－金鞭溪水质标准：总磷≤0．02前提下，金鞭溪上游接待区住宿设施生态阈值，春季临界床位数1186，夏季为3057，冬季为545，秋季为333。