内蒙古大沟井寒武纪黑色页岩元素地球化学特征及钒赋存形式

对内蒙古大沟井钒矿床的矿石样品进行了系统的常量和微量元素、X射线粉晶衍射以及显微能谱分析,探讨矿石中钒的赋存形式、形成环境以及保存条件等.研究结果表明,矿石样品中P2 O5含量变化范围为0.81％～6.14％,显示其磷含量普遍较高,反映地层中较为富集磷;样品烧失量的范围为7.75％～41.24％,比较大,反映云母及泥质...     

断层地表潜在突发位移的概率评价初探

目前跨活动断层的线状工程的抗断设防仍采用确定性评价方法 ,考虑的是最大位错量 ,与抗御灾害的风险设计的实际要求不相符。文中将断层上最大位错点的位置分布及最大位错点两侧的位错展布 ,与可产生地表突发位移的强震复发模型联合 ,建立了评估活动断层各部位的地表潜在突发位移的概率性评价方法。最后 ,以怀涿盆地北缘正断裂中的沈庄 -长疃段为例 ,对其未来 10 0a潜在突发位移的危险性做出定量评估 ,给出了断层段上各点不同超越概率水平下的潜在位移。这一研究结果 ,可为跨断裂的线型工程进行抗御地表潜在突发位移的风险设计提供参考     

辽河油田稠油中贵金属分布和赋存状态研究

以辽河油田稠油为研究对象,通过原子吸收光谱、实沸点蒸馏等手段,研究了辽河油田稠油中Au、Ag、Pt和Pb等贵金属在不同馏分中的分布特征.结果表明,经过实沸点蒸馏后,贵金属不同沸程温度的原油馏分中含量和分布存在很大差异,Au、Ag、Pt、Pd主要集中在渣油馏分中,在沸点》508℃的渣油馏分中Au、Ag、Pt、Pd的比例分别是93.4%、76.9%、73.4%和68.0%;采用选择性萃取的方法对金在稠油中的存在形态的初步研究发现,金在稠油中主要以有机配合物和少量无机配合物形式存在.     

Seismic demand models for probabilistic risk analysis of near fault vertical ground motion effects on ordinary highway bridges

The influence of vertical ground motions on the seismic response of highway bridges is not very well understood. Recent studies suggest that vertical ground motions can substantially increase force and moment demands on bridge columns and girders and cannot be overlooked in seismic design of bridge structures. For an evaluation of vertical ground motion effects on the response of single‐bent two‐span highway bridges, a systematic study combining the critical engineering demand parameters (EDPs) and ground motion intensity measures (IMs) is required. Results of a parametric study examining a range of highway bridge configurations subjected to selected sets of horizontal and vertical ground motions are used to determine the structural parameters that are significantly amplified by the vertical excitations. The amplification in these parameters is modeled using simple equations that are functions of horizontal and vertical spectral accelerations at the corresponding horizontal and vertical fundamental periods of the bridge. This paper describes the derivation of seismic demand models developed for typical highway overcrossings by incorporating critical EDPs and combined effects of horizontal and vertical ground motion IMs depending on the type of the parameter and the period of the structure. These models may be used individually as risk‐based design tools to determine the probability of exceeding the critical levels of EDP for pre‐determined levels of ground shaking or may be included explicitly in probabilistic seismic risk assessments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

概率神经网络技术在煤田地震反演中的应用研究

实现从构造勘探向岩性勘探阶段的转变,是煤田地震勘探亟待解决的重要问题。其中,地震反演技术是岩性勘探的一种重要手段。为了规避常规反演方法的固有限制,利用概率神经网络技术预测井数据和地震数据之间的非线性关系,得到密度数据体和速度数据体,并获得相应的波阻抗数据体。对某矿区的实际地震资料采用该技术进行岩性反演,得到了较为准确的波阻抗数据体,为岩性解释提供了不可或缺的资料。     

From Vagrant to Resident: occurrence,residency and births of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) in New Zealand waters

ABSTRACT

In contrast to previous reports that leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are rare vagrants to New Zealand, we show that this species is a regular member of the marine fauna of this region. We present a first analysis from the New Zealand Leopard Seal Database – an extensive collation of 2,711 records of leopard seals within New Zealand between 1200 and 2018. Of these records, 51.2% (n?=?1,408) were photographic. Leopard seal sightings have increased over time and been reported in all seasons and regions of New Zealand. Sightings are predominantly of adult individuals of good or excellent body condition, which differs to previous hypotheses suggesting that leopard seals visiting New Zealand shores are primarily juvenile animals in poor health condition. A total of 176 unique individuals have been identified in the New Zealand Leopard Seal Catalogue between 2014 and 2018 and preliminary results indicate that numbers per annum have continued to increase over time. Three leopard seal births and a number of juvenile animals (34% of the NZ records) have been documented. Considering the information presented here and the current definitions in the New Zealand Threat Classification System, the threat status of leopard seals within New Zealand waters should be reclassified from Vagrant to Resident.     

江西富家坞矿床铜钼矿石中铼元素的赋存状态及其回收影响因素分析

查明铼在矿石矿物中的赋存状态是对铼进行综合回收的前提。以往研究缺乏针对德兴富家坞矿床铜钼矿石中铼的赋存状态研究。对此,本文通过化学分析、岩矿鉴定、电子探针分析、筛析试验和平衡配分等方法和手段,对富家坞矿床中蚀变花岗闪长斑岩型和千枚岩型铜钼矿石进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,查明了矿石中铼的赋存状态及影响其回收利用的因素。研究未发现独立铼矿物,铼分散分布于辉钼矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿和锆石等矿物中,含量范围为0.001%~0.267%。辉钼矿为铼的富集和回收的目标矿物,其铼含量高达684×10~(-6),且铼在不同粒级中与钼的品位变化具趋同性。对两类铜钼矿石的铼进行综合回收时需考虑辉钼矿含量及脉石矿物种类的差异性,分类利用矿石;同时,对矿石进行破碎细磨时,应避免矿石过粉碎问题,以提高+0.023 mm粒段中铼的综合回收率。     

鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟地区铀矿物赋存形式研究及其地质意义

纳岭沟铀矿床位于鄂尔多斯盆地东北部的伊陕单斜构造区,该区含矿主岩为中侏罗统直罗组下段下亚段。本文通过电子探针、能谱及背散射分析等方法,详细研究了该区目的层砂岩的铀矿物类型及其赋存形式,并对其矿物组合特征及期次等进行了探讨。结果表明纳岭沟地区铀矿物主要为铀石,还有少量的含钛含铀矿物、沥青铀矿、铀钍石等。铀矿物与黄铁矿、蚀变钛铁矿、锐钛矿/白钛石、粘土矿物等密切共生,呈毛刺状或微细柱状产于矿物边缘,或呈粒状产于黑云母解理缝中,另外也见产于碎屑颗粒中。结合电子探针及背散射分析,对蚀变黑云母解理缝中黄铁矿及铀石成因、以及蚀变钛铁矿与铀特殊关系进行了初步探讨。另外该区存在高Y和低Y元素两种铀石类型,沥青铀矿可能为原铀矿物蚀变残留,结合矿物蚀变期次,初步认为该区含铀砂岩至少遭受两期不同成矿流体作用,多源流体耦合成矿可能是砂岩型铀成矿的重要机制之一。     

地电化学在隐伏铜镍矿勘查中的应用及异常形成机理探讨

本文从元素迁移角度探讨地电化学异常形成机理。在野外工作的基础上,结合前人成果,通过在金川二矿区采集的地电化学数据结果,以及该地区的相关资料进行综合研究分析,有如下推测:(1)该类地区地电采集的成矿元素的迁移受多个营力多阶段作用,主要由电化学迁移、地气迁移与水动力迁移所主导;(2)电化学迁移的模式会对最终地电数据曲线的形态有所影响,影响的根本因素主要在于矿体形成的电场回路的形态;(3)地电提取的物质是矿体析出并迁移至地表周围所赋存的元素,这些元素在地表呈活动态离子、络合物或超微细颗粒被粘土矿物所吸附。     

铜陵大团山铜(钼)矿床辉钼矿赋存状态及成因意义

大团山层状铜矿床中伴生有不同规模的钼矿体。钼矿主矿体赋存于角岩夹矽卡岩和黑色含钼碳质页岩中。矿石手标本中,矿石矿物的颗粒非常细小,难以靠肉眼或矿相显微镜进行鉴别。通过电子探针面扫描,发现钼主要以微小的鳞片状辉钼矿的形式,分布于穿插切割矽卡岩或碳质页岩的石英-方解石脉中。这类石英-方解石脉形成晚于矽卡岩或碳质页岩,通常与岩浆热液活动有关,故推断钼矿化主要与岩浆热液作用有关,辉钼矿Re-Os年龄代表着岩浆热液成矿作用的时代。