Methods for Industrial Measurement and Basic Principles of Their Choices

In this paper,a variety of industrial objects are systematically analyzed.Ten methods for industrial measurement are summarized.For each method,its nature,advantages,disadvantages and adaptability are briefly given.The basic principles to choose the right industrial method are indicated.     

多功能照相记录磁变仪电源

介绍了多功能照相记录磁变仪电源的主要特性、各部分电路的工作原理、制作方法和使用注意事项，为仿制提供了可靠的依据。该电源还适用于倾斜等照相记录的仪器。     

对地震应急预案的科学性、可操作性和体系性的讨论

“九五”计划以来，国家级的地震应急预案经历了2次修订，许多地方政府（部门）的地震应急预案也经历了多次修订。本文就近年来编制或修订地震应急预杂工作反映出来的若干应当坚持的原则和值得注意的问题进行了讨论。     

Migration of Magnetotelluric Data in Two——Dimensional Model

Since the wave equation of magnetotelluric(MT)field is similar to the one of seis-mic,the migration techniques used in seismic can be applied to MT data.In thispaper we make use of the principle of reflector mapping(i.e.U/D imaging principle)to image MT data.That is,the MT wavefield observed on the surface of the earth canbe resolved into upgoing and downgoing waves,the waves are extrapolated downward bythe phase-shift method or the phase-shift plus interpolation(PSPI)method.Conductivi-ty interfaces of the medium could be found by using the time coincidence of the upgoingand downgoing waves.Theoretical calculations show that the migration technique of MTdata presented here is very effective.It can not only enhance the lateral resolution of MTdata,but also obtain the visual image of subsurface interfaces.As compared with theconventional 2-D inversion,this procedure is more simple in calculation and can be easi-ly put into practice on a personal computer and is able to obtain the MT depth section,which is     

汾渭地震带时间序列的最大熵谱分析及未来中强震发震概率的最大熵原理估计

本文应用最大熵谱分析的方法和最大熵原理的方法,对汾渭地震带1200年以来发生的Ms≥5.0级地震的时间序列资料进行了分析,结果表明,汾渭地震带历史上Ms≥5.0级的地震存在着250±10年的卓越周期以及今后50年内,发生5.0≦6.0和6.0≦Ms<7.0级地震的概率分别为0.979和0.604,发生Ms>7.0级地震的概率较低,仅为0.199。而5级、6级地震的复发周期分别为12.9年和53.9年等。     

二维大地电磁资料的偏移

本文采用反射映像（即U/D成像）原理对大地电磁资料进行成像,将地面观测的波场分解成上行波和下行波,并分别向下延拓,利用上、下行波的时间一致性原理确定地下电性界面的位置.对TE和TM模式的MT响应分别处理可以得到两个深度剖面,两剖面的一致性便为实际反射界面的最佳估计.理论和实际资料的计算表明,MT偏移技术是比较有效的,它可获得地下界面直观的映像.和常规MT反演方法相比较,该方法具有算法简单等优点,并且还能获得表示地下地质构造真实映像的MT深度剖面.     

Types and Distribution of Geological Hazards in the South China Sea

Various types of geological hazards exist in the South China Sea. In dynamics sense, they can be categorized into 5 principal genetic types related to effects of hydraulic dynamics, gaseous activity, soil mechanics, gravity and tectonism, respectively. Integrated analyses indicate that the geological hazards associated with volcanoes, earthquakes and fractures are mainly distributed in tectonically active regions, whereas those resulting from mudflows, landslides and diapirs are usually concentrated in the region of slope, that shallow gas, high pressure gas pockets and soft intercalations are major potential geological hazards in the inner shelf, and that strong hydraulic dynamics, especially storm tide, is one of the major causes of geological hazards in the littoral areas. The geological hazards that occurred in the South China Sea are also characterized by periodicity, succession and, to a certain extent, unpredictability in addition to regionalization.     

冲积河流的汇合与分流

冲积河流具有一定的自动调整作用。遵循最小阻力原理，河道的汇合分流也应属于冲积河流的自动调整作用之列，事实上，在河道的汇合与分流处，支流与主流夹角的形成及其宽度比（或断面积比）的建立都不是随机的，它必须保证来自支流与主流的水和泥沙能在此通畅排泄。本文证明了水流在通过河道的汇合与分流处时所形成的夹角及其宽度比，对应于水头损失的最小值。河口段垂直于或趋向垂直于海岸线的特性，也是水流不断调整到最小阻力状态的结果。     

新疆农业地貌分类：以编制新疆1：100万农业地貌图为例

针对新疆地域辽阔，地形起伏巨大，山地层状地貌显著，盆地封闭、干旱，风成和流水地貌发育等特点，着眼于地貌与农业的关系，采用形态与成因相结合的分类原则，以地貌与农业关系密切的海拔高程、物质组成、相对高差、坡度等要素为指标，制定新疆农业地貌分类系统，划分农业地貌类型。