乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状分析及防御对策

对乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状作了分析，重点分析大气污染、水环境质量、污染物排放、噪声环境以及其它环境问题，较为综合地反应了乌鲁木齐市环境总体状况，并就污染问题提出防御对策。     

从全国水环境数据库看中国水环境状况

以全国水环境数据库的监测记录为第一手资料,以各大流域片为单位,从宏观上介绍了各大流域片的水质总体概况,包括各类水质所占比例、污染水质的超标物类型等,基本反映了我国各大流域在20世纪90年代的水质状况以及水环境的时空变化特征.总的来说,我国的水环境状况不容乐观,水质污染比较严重,尤其是我国北方的流域片.     

鄱阳湖区平垸行洪、退田还湖后的防洪减灾形势分析

根据鄱阳湖区“退田还湖”的实际资料，采用洪水模拟的方法分析计算出“退田还湖”降低湖口站洪水位和减少1954年洪水超额分洪量，分析了“退田还湖”后鄱阳湖区的防洪减灾形势，提出应继续加强对鄱阳湖区防洪工程的建设，探讨了“退田还湖”后江湖洪水关系的变化趋势。     

试论我国岩石力学的研究状况及其进展

从岩石(岩体)基本性质的试验研究;岩石塑性力学研究及岩石塑性应变梯度理论;岩石流变力学研究;岩石损伤、断裂力学研究;岩石块体力学研究;分形-岩石力学研究;岩石渗流(耦合)力学及环境岩土工程;岩石力学计算方法及位移反分析;智能科学方法在岩石力学问题中的应用;非线性科学方法(混沌)在岩土工程中的应用10个方面介绍了我国岩石力学的研究状况及其进展,并回顾了岩石力学专家们一些年来所取得的主要成果。     

Proposal of a National Mitigation Strategy Against Earthquakes in Turkey

While laboratory and analytical studies can provide valuable information about earthquake hazard mitigation, the most effective educator is the impact of a full-scale earthquake on a full-scale city. The recent earthquakes in Turkey showed that the governmental as well as individual attitudes towards earthquakes did not represent proportionate responses to the risk levels concerned. Turkey had weaknesses in preparing, planning, mitigating and responding to disasters in spite of the known seismic vulnerability of the country. Many steps have been taken after 1999 earthquakes in Turkey, however, the preparations largely concentrate on the response and recovery phases and a fundamental step to reform the current disaster management system and steps to rehabilitate the vulnerable building stock has not been undertaken until today. This would involve changing the present laws and regulations and de-centralising the disaster management system. The aim of this paper is to propose a national mitigation strategy for Turkey for a time-frame of 10 years. The model proposed is a very comprehensive model for earthquake risk reduction in Turkey and within this context, the legislative and technical aspects of mitigation will be discussed in detail. Strategies for mitigating and retrofitting the existing building stock will also be proposed.     

Problems associated with tourism development in Southern Africa: The case of Transfrontier Conservation Areas

Tourism in Southern Africa is synonymous with the wildlife safari. In the post-colonial era the establishment of so-called ‘peaceparks’ that straddle the borders of states has come to be seen as a key not only to increasing tourism in the Southern African region, but also to the modernizing of conservation policies and the development of rural economies. This paper focuses on the global and continental presence of transfrontier conservation areas, the link between conservation and tourism development, and the current factors that constrain and influence the realization of an ‘African Dream’ — ‘establishment of the greatest animal kingdom’. The unstable political situation in Zimbabwe and how this negatively affects wildlife conservation and tourism in the Gonarezhou part of the Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Park, serves as a case study. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

科尔沁沙地土地沙漠化的历史与现状

科尔沁沙地是我国自然条件相对较好的一个沙地，有着广阔的治理前景。回顾科尔沁沙地的历史变化，认为科尔沁沙地是一个全球气候变化大趋势下由人类生产活动过度而形成的沙漠化区域，在金代至清代之间由于人为活动强度减弱，曾经发生明显的沙漠化逆转。根据全国沙漠化普查所获得的资料，研究分析了科尔沁沙地土地沙漠化现状及其特点，结合土地沙漠化发生的历史过程，讨论了这一地区沙漠化的治理策略。     

世界政治新形势下的中国经济安全观

当前，世界政治形势处于动荡催生调整，调整蕴含机遇，在单极与多极矛盾的碰撞与互动中，正在形成某种更有效的机制，培育更为成熟、理性竞争的意识，促使各主要大国为世界的持久和平与繁荣共同担负起应有的责任。因此，国家经济安全是世界各国都普遍关注的战略问题。本文首先总结了就当今世界政治发展的四个特点，并在分析国际形势新变化对中国经济安全影响的基础上，提出了维护我国经济安全的六点思考。     

日本国内旅游业的发展及其地域特征

日本旅游业已成为国民经济的重要部门，据2002年日本交通省的统计表明，观光产业GDP已占国内生产总值的2．2％，这一数字与美国相近。但与西方国家显著不同的是，在美、英、法、意等旅游业发达国家中，国际旅游业占据举足轻重地位，而日本的旅游业却以国内旅游为主体。据日本最大旅行社JTB的统计，2002年日本旅游出行人数为34013万人次(其中出国旅游1664万人次)，而同年日本接待的外国入境游客刚刚超过500万人次。本文旨在介绍和分析日本国内旅游业的发生、发展的变化特征，以及国民不同的旅游方式和旅游地域差异。     

测绘应用系统开发若干问题的探讨

针对当前测绘领域专业应用软件系统的开发，对若干现代软件技术的应用进行了探讨，提出开发测绘应用软件系统必须按照软件工程思想，充分应用面向对象方法，并由传统的集中式、单机软件系统向组件式开发、网络环境下的软件开发发展，提出了与平台无关的测绘应用软件系统开发原型。